2017年高考英語 熱點題型和提分秘籍 專題06 非謂語動詞

專題06 非謂語動詞非謂語動詞是動詞的變體，是為了滿足動詞作除了謂語之外 的其他成分而產(chǎn)生的。從該意義上來說，非謂語動詞是動詞的升級版本，彌補了動詞的先天不足。在語法填空和短文改 錯題中，這是必考考點之一，非常重要。根據(jù)非謂語動詞類 別及功能，在單項填空題中以考查非謂語動詞作狀語和定語 為主，作主語和表語也是考查重點之一。 2017年高考在單項填空題中會繼續(xù)加強對非謂語動詞的考查，而且分詞作狀語和定語仍是考查的重點，對于不定式考查熱度仍然不減，尤其是不定式作狀語和定語的用法。 熱點題型一 非謂語動詞作狀語 例1、 (2015·高考北京卷，T21)_ the early flight，we ordered a taxi in advance and got up very early. ACatching BCaught CTo catch DCatch 【答案】C【解析】考查非謂語動詞。句意：為了趕上早班飛機，我們提前訂了出租車，而且起床很早。此處表目的，應(yīng)用動詞不定式，所以答案為C。 【提分秘籍】1不定式作狀語表示結(jié)果、目的(可與so as to/in order to替 換，但是so as to不可置于句首)或原因(表示原因只用在表示 喜、怒、哀、樂等表語形容詞后)。 2分詞作狀語：非謂語動詞作狀語時，其邏輯主語通常要與句子的主語保持一致。現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語時，現(xiàn)在分詞所表 示 的動作與句子主語之間構(gòu)成邏輯上的主動關(guān)系。過去分詞 作狀語時，過去分詞所表示的動作與句子主語之間構(gòu)成邏輯 上的被動關(guān)系。現(xiàn)在分詞作結(jié)果狀語時表示自然而然的結(jié)果;不定式作結(jié)果狀語表示出乎意料的結(jié)果，其前常加only。 3部分過去分詞源于系表結(jié)構(gòu)，作狀語時不表示被動，也 不表完成，而表示一種狀態(tài)。常見的有：lost(迷路的)，seated(坐著的)，hidden(躲著的)，lost/absorbed/buried in(沉溺于)，dressed in(穿著)，tired of(厭煩的)，faced with(面對著)。 【特別提醒】動詞不定式也可以跟在一些作表語用的形容詞easy，hard，difficult，pleasant，good，fit，comfortable等后面作狀語，構(gòu)成“主語be形容詞不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)，在該結(jié)構(gòu)中構(gòu)成不定式的動詞和句子的主語構(gòu)成邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系，不定式通常用主動形式表示被動意義。另外需注意的是在該結(jié)構(gòu)中，不定式中的動詞必須是及物動詞，若為不及物動詞，則要在其后加上適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~，使之構(gòu)成及物動詞短語?！九e一反三】 (2015·高考天津卷，T5)_ in painting，John didnt notice evening approaching. ATo absorb BTo be absorbed CAbsorbed DAbsorbing 【答案】C【解析】考查非謂語動詞。句意：由于專心繪畫，約翰沒有注意到夜幕正在降臨。be absorbed in專心于，此處用過去分詞短語作原因狀語。故用Absorbed。 熱點題型二 非謂語動詞作定語 例2、 (2015·高考北京卷，T23)The park was full of people，_ themselves in the sunshine. Ahaving enjoyed Benjoyed Cenjoying Dto enjoy 【答案】C【提分秘籍】 1現(xiàn)在分詞作定語 現(xiàn)在分詞的主動式作定語與所修飾的名詞之間存在邏輯上 的主謂關(guān)系，表示該動作的主動和進行?，F(xiàn)在分詞的被動式 作定語與所修飾名詞之間存在邏輯上的被動關(guān)系，表示該動 作被動和進行。 2過去分詞作定語 過去分詞作定語與它所修飾的名詞在邏輯上存在被動關(guān)系,并表示該動作的被動或完成。 3不定式作定語 (1)不定式作定語通常放在所修飾詞之后，表示將來的動作。不定式與其所修飾的詞之間往往是動賓關(guān)系，若該不定式 是不及物動詞，其后應(yīng)有必要的介詞。 (2)被修飾的名詞是抽象名詞時用不定式作定語，常見的抽 象名詞：ability，chance，idea，fact，excuse，promise，reply，attempt，belief，way，reason，moment，time等。 (3) the first，the second，the last，the next，the only等作名詞或者它們作形容詞用來修飾名詞或代詞時，常用不定式作定語。 The ability to express an idea is as important as the idea itself.表達思想的能力和思想本身一樣重要。 We are invited to a party to be held in our club next Friday. 我們被邀請參加下周五在我們俱樂部舉辦的晚會。 【方法技巧】非謂語動詞作定語是一個非常重要的考點，考生在做此類 試題時要從動作發(fā)生的時間、動作與主語的主謂或動 賓關(guān)系上著手去判斷.要解答好這類題目可按下列步驟進行: 第一步：判斷該動詞與被修飾的名詞之間的關(guān)系。 若是動賓關(guān)系就要用表示被動的非謂語動詞(過去分詞、動詞v.ing形式的被動式、不定式的被動式)，若是主謂關(guān)系則用動詞v.ing形式的主動式或動詞不定式的主動式。 第二步：看動作發(fā)生的時間。 若表示將來，用不定式；若表示動作正在進行用現(xiàn)在分詞;若表示動作已經(jīng)完成或結(jié)束，用過去分詞。 【舉一反三】 She was the first woman_to the board. Ato be appointed Bhaving been appointed Cappointing Dto appoint 【答案】A熱點題型三 非謂語動詞作賓語 例3 (2015·高考陜西卷，T17)After receiving the Oscar for Best Supporting Actress，Anne Benedict went on _ all the people who had helped in her career. Ato thank Bthanking Chaving thanked Dto have thanked 【答案】A【提分秘籍】1只接不定式作賓語的動詞：agree，intend，plan，demand，promise，help，prepare，decide，refuse，choose，wish，hope，want，expect，fail，pretend，manage，determine，beg，arrange，threaten，claim，hesitate， happen等。 2只接v.ing形式作賓語的動詞：admit，avoid，consider，escape，imagine，mind，miss，practise，suggest，feel like，give up，put off，object to，look forward to等。 3接不定式與接v.ing形式有顯著區(qū)別的動詞：(1)try to do 盡力做；try doing 試著去 做；(2) mean to do 打 算做；mean doing 意味著；(3) regret to do 遺憾 要 去做；regret doing后悔做過；(4) remember to do 記得去做；remember doing記得做過；(5) forget to do忘記做過；forget doing 忘記做了。 4動詞want，need，require作“需要”講時，其后要用v.ing形式的主動形式或不定式的被動語態(tài)作賓語。與此用法 相同的動詞還有deserve(值得)。 5介詞后一般要接v.ing形式作賓語，但介詞but/except后接不定式作賓語，若前有實義動詞do，不定式要省略to。 (2015·溫州高三八校聯(lián)考)He got wellprepared for the job interview，for he couldnt risk losing the good opportunity.他為這次工作面試做好了充分準(zhǔn)備，因為他不能冒失去這 次好機會的風(fēng)險。 We agreed to meet here but so far she hasnt turned up yet.我們約好在此地見面，但是她到現(xiàn)在還沒有露面。 What a poor memory！I forgot borrowing money from him yesterday.But today I forgot to return the money to him.多么差的記憶力！昨天我忘了向他借過錢，但今天我又忘了把錢還給他。 【舉一反三】 Acceptance is not about liking a situation.It is about acknowledging all that has been lost and_to live with that loss. Alearning Blearned Cto learn Dhaving learned 【答案】A 【解析】考查非謂語動詞。句意：接受不是關(guān)于 喜歡一種狀況。它是關(guān)于承認所有已經(jīng)失去的和學(xué)會帶著損失生活下去。題干中acknowledging和learning做about的并列賓語， 故選A。 熱點題型四 非謂語動詞作賓補 例4、 (2015·高考陜西卷，T18)Back from his twoyear medical service in Africa，Dr.Lee was very happy to see his mother _ good care of at home. Ataking Btaken Ctake Dbe taken 【答案】B【提分秘籍】1現(xiàn)在分詞作賓補 現(xiàn)在分詞作賓補時，句中的賓語往往就是其邏輯主語，該 動詞與賓語之間存在主謂關(guān)系，并且現(xiàn)在分詞作賓補強調(diào)正 在進行的主動動作。可接現(xiàn)在分詞作賓補的常見動詞：感官 動詞(see，watch，observe，look，notice，hear，listen，feel)，使役動詞(have，get)，find，leave，keep，catch等。 I looked up and noticed a snake winding its way up the tree to catch its breakfast. 我抬頭注意到一條蛇蜿蜒著爬上樹去捕捉它的早餐。 He had the light burning all night，which made his parents very angry. 他讓燈亮了整晚，這使他父母很生氣。 Its wrong to leave the computer working. 讓電腦一直開著是不對的。 I am sorry to have kept you waiting for so long. 對不起讓你久等了。 I found a number of people already working there. 我發(fā)現(xiàn)很多人已經(jīng)在那兒工作了。 2過去分詞作賓補 過去分詞作賓補時，句中的賓語往往就是其邏輯主語，該動 詞與賓語之間存在動賓關(guān)系。可接過去分詞作賓補的常見動 詞：感官動詞(see，watch，observe，look，notice，hear， listen，feel)，使役動詞(have，make，let，get)，find， leave，keep等。 When we saw the road blocked with snow，we decided to spend the holiday at home. 當(dāng)我們看到道路被雪封住后，我們決定在家過假期。 You should keep me informed of his whereabouts. 你應(yīng)該讓我了解他的行蹤。 The old found his hometown much changed. 這位老人發(fā)現(xiàn)他的家鄉(xiāng)變化很大。 He left much work unfinished because he was ill. 因為生病，他留下許多工作未做。 3不定式作賓補 (1)常帶to的不定式作賓補的動詞(短語)：advise，allow， ask，cause，command，encourage，expect，forbid， force，get，invite，leave，order，permit，persuade，prefer，request，warn，wish，call on，depend upon等。 (2)常接不帶to的不定式作賓補的動詞(短語)：help，使役動詞(make，have，let)，感官動詞。如果這些動詞或短語用 于 被動語態(tài)，則to不可省略。動詞help后的不定式符 號to 可 以 省略，也可以保留。 We hurriedly ended the meeting，leaving many problems to be settled. 我們匆忙結(jié)束了會議，留下很多問題要解決。 4with賓語賓補 (1)with賓語doing(表示主動且進行) (2)with賓語done(表示被動且完成) (3)with賓語to do(表示將來) The old couple often take a walk after supper in the park with their pet dog following them. 這老兩口常常在晚飯后到公園里散步，他們的寵物狗則在后 面跟著。 John received an invitation to dinner，and with his work finished，he gladly accepted it.約翰收到一份宴請函而且他的 工作也干完了，他就欣然接受了邀請。 With a lot of difficult problems to settle，the newly elected president is having a hard time. 因為有很多難題要解決，這位新任總統(tǒng)的日子不好過。 【舉一反三】 Let those in need_ that we will go all out to help them. Ato understand Bunderstand Cunderstanding Dunderstood 【答案】B【特別提醒】使役動詞have，get后接非謂語動詞作補語的異同點：have sth.doneget sth.done讓別人做某事have sb./sth.doing 讓一直做某事；get sth./sb.doing 使開始做某事have sb.do sth.get sb.to do sth.讓某人做某事。注意：have sth.to do有某事要做(to do作后置定語)。Alexander tried to get his work recognized in the medical circles.亞歷山大盡力使他的工作被醫(yī)學(xué)界認可。I have a lot of readings to complete before the end of this term.這個學(xué)期結(jié)束前，我有很多閱讀要完成。熱點題型五 非謂語動詞作主語和表語 例5、 (2015·高考安徽卷，T27)_ the difference between the two research findings will be one of the worst mistakes you make. AIgnore BIgnoring CIgnored DHaving ignored 【答案】B【提分秘籍】 1非謂語動詞作主語 不定式作主語表示某一具體的、尤其是未發(fā)生的動作 ；v. ing形式作主語表示抽象的、泛指的動作，尤其是一般行為傾向。兩者可位于句首，也可用it作形式主語，而把不定式或v.ing形式后置。下列句型常用v.ing形式作主語：It is/was no use/no good/of little use (good) doing sth.。 Hearing how others react to the book you have just read creates an added pleasure. 聆聽別人對你剛才所讀的書的反應(yīng)會增加額外的樂趣。 It is no good learning without practice. 只學(xué)習(xí)不實踐沒有好處。 Its not easy to learn English well.Reading as much as possible is necessary. 學(xué)好英語不容易，廣泛閱讀是有必要的。 2非謂語動詞作表語 ving形式作表語時，說明主語的性質(zhì)或特征；不定 式 作表語時，說明主語尚未發(fā)生的動作，或表示將來的動作。 What she likes is watching children play. 她喜歡的事情就是看孩子們玩耍。 His ambition is to go Harvard University. 他的夢想就是上哈佛大學(xué)。 【舉一反三】 For those with family members far away，the personal computer and the phone are important in staying_ Aconnected Bconnecting Cto connect Dto be connected 【答案】A【解析】考查非謂語動詞。句意：對那些與家人離得比較 遠的人來說，個人電腦和電話在保持聯(lián)系方面很重要。本句中 的關(guān)鍵詞是stay(保持)，它是一個連系動詞，后接 形容 詞 作表語。A項connected是形容詞，意為“有聯(lián)系的，有來往的”,符合句意。stay connected是“stay形容詞化的過去分詞”構(gòu)成的系表結(jié)構(gòu)。本題中的staying connected和keeping in touch表達同一個意思。 （2016浙江）50To return to the problem of water pollution, Id like you to look at a study _ inAustralia in 2012.A. having conducted B. to be conductedC. conducting D. conducted【答案】D（2016天津）49The cooling wind swept through out bedroom windows, _ air conditioning unnecessary.A. making B. to make C. made D. being made【答案】A【解析】句意：冷風(fēng)從我們臥室的窗戶吹進來，使得沒有必要開空調(diào)了。前面的事情造成后面的結(jié)果，用現(xiàn)在分詞作結(jié)果狀語，表示自然而然的結(jié)果。不定式也可以作結(jié)果狀語，但是那是預(yù)料不到的結(jié)果。故選A?！?015·湖南】30.When the clerk saw a kind face wrinkled in an apologetic smile, she stood rooted to the ground, _ whether to stay or leave.A. wondering B. wonderCto wonder Dwondered【答案】A 【解析】考查非謂語動詞。主句的主語she與動詞wonder構(gòu)成邏輯上的主動關(guān)系，因此用v.­ing形式作伴隨狀語，故選A。句意：當(dāng)那個小職員看到一張善良的面孔泛起皺紋并歉意地一笑時，她像生了根一樣站在那兒，不知道是走還是留?！?015·北京】21._the early flight,we ordered a taxi in advance and got up very early.A.Catching. B.Caught. C.To catch. D.Catch【答案】C 【解析】句意：為了趕上早班的飛機，我們提前叫了出租車并且起得很早。這里邏輯主語是we，空中用不定式作目的狀語，表示提前交出租車并且早起的目的。故選C?！?015·北京】31.If _for the job, youll be informed soon.A .to accept B. accept C. accepting D. accepted 【答案】D【解析】句意：如果錄用你了，我們將很快通知你。本句條件狀語從句中省略了主語you，與accept構(gòu)成被動關(guān)系，用過去分詞accepted。故選D?！?015·重慶】6. _ in the poorest area of Glasgow, he had a long, hard road to becoming a football star.A. Being raised B. Raising C. Raised D. To raise【答案】C 【解析】句意：他在格拉斯哥最窮的地方長大，要想成為足球明星還有很長的路要走。根據(jù)句意可知raise這個動詞的主語是he，他在這個地方長大，兩者之間是主謂關(guān)系，故選C項。 【2015·重慶】11. Like ancient sailors, birds can find their way_ the sun and the stars.A. usedB. having used C. using D. use【答案】C 【解析】句意：象古代的水手，鳥能利用太陽和星辰來找到他們的路。Using是伴隨狀語。 選C?！?015·浙江】18. Listening to music at home is one thing, going to hear it live is quite another.A. perform B. performing C. to perform D. being performed【答案】D【2015·天津】8. _ for two days, Steve managed to finish his report on schedule. A. To workB. WorkedC. To be working D. Having worked【答案】D【解析】句意：工作了兩天，Steve成功的按時完成了他的報告。句中的邏輯主語為Steve，與work之間為主動關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞，這里用having worked，表示動作的先后性。故選D?！?015·天津】5. _in painting, John didnt notice evening approaching. A. To absorbB. To be absorbedC. AbsorbedD. Absorbing 【答案】C【解析】句意：全神貫注于繪畫中，約翰沒有注意到晚上到了。短語be absorbed in全神貫注于，在句中作狀語。故選C。【2015·福建】28._ more about Chinese culture, Jack has decided to take Chinese folk music as an elective course.A. LearnB. LearnedC. To learnD. To be learning【答案】C【解析】考查非謂語動詞。這里是動詞不定式形式的非謂語動詞做目的狀語。該句意思為：為了更多了解到中國文化，杰克決定選擇中國傳統(tǒng)音樂作為選修課。故選C【2015·福建】33.In recent years an English word "infosphere" has appeared, _the sense of “information” and " atmosphere".A. combineB. combined C. combing D. being combined【答案】C【2015·湖南】34.Sometimes I act as a listening ear for fellow students _ what is bothering them.A. to talk over B. talked overCtalk over Dhaving talked over【答案】A 【解析】考查非謂語動詞。句意：有時我充當(dāng)了傾聽同學(xué)們談?wù)摕┬氖碌膶ο?。此處不定式表示目的。故選A。1(2014·江西卷)He is thought _(act) foolishly. Now he has no one but himself to blame for losing the job.【答案】to have acted【解析】考查不定式作補語。句意：他被認為做了愚蠢的事?，F(xiàn)在對于失去工作這件事，他只能怪自己。be thought to do sth. 表示“被認為做了某事”；由句意可知，act的動作發(fā)生在think之前。故填to have acted。2(2014·北京卷)The film star wears sunglasses. Therefore, he can go shopping without _(recognize)【答案】being recognized【解析】本題考查非謂語動詞。句意：那位影星戴著墨鏡，因此他可以在沒人認出的情況下購物了。without為介詞，后面接動名詞形式；the film star與recognize之間存在被動關(guān)系，故用動名詞的被動式，即“being done”結(jié)構(gòu)。3(2014·江蘇卷)The lecture_(give), a lively question­and­answer session followed.【答案】having been given4(2014·重慶卷)The producer comes regularly to collect the cameras _(return) to our shop for quality problems.【答案】returned【解析】本題考查非謂語動詞。句意：生產(chǎn)商定期來收回那些因為質(zhì)量問題而被退回到我們商店的照相機。設(shè)空處作后置定語，修飾cameras。return此處意為“退回”，cameras與return之間是被動關(guān)系，故用過去分詞作后置定語，表示被動和完成的動作。5(2014·大綱全國卷)Today there are more airplanes_(carry) more people than ever before in the skies.【答案】carrying【解析】考查非謂語動詞。句意：和過去相比，現(xiàn)在空中的飛機數(shù)量多了，飛機的載客量也更大了。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處是非謂語動詞作定語修飾airplanes，且carry為airplanes主動發(fā)出的動作，故應(yīng)用動詞­ing形式carrying。6(2014·湖南卷)Children, when _(accompany) by their parents, are allowed to enter the stadium.【答案】accompanied【解析】考查非謂語動詞。句意：當(dāng)被他們的父母陪同時，孩子們被允許進入體育場。when accompanied by their parents是一個過去分詞短語作狀語，相當(dāng)于一個時間狀語從句when they are accompanied by their parents，此處省略they are。7(2014·福建卷)For those with family members far away, the personal computer and the phone are important in staying_(connect)【答案】connected8(2014·四川卷)I hope to take the computer course. Good idea. _(find out) more about it, visit this website.【答案】To find out【解析】考查非謂語動詞。句意：“我希望參加計算機課程?！薄昂弥饕狻Ｏ氩樵兏嗟南嚓P(guān)信息，訪問該網(wǎng)站?！备鶕?jù)句意可知，空格處所需信息是“訪問該網(wǎng)站”的目的，所以用動詞不定式作目的狀語。9(2014·安徽卷)While waiting for the opportunity to get_(promote), Henry did his best to perform his duty.【答案】promoted【解析】考查非謂語動詞。句意：亨利在等待升職機會的同時，在盡力做好自己的本職工作。主語Henry與promote之間為邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系，應(yīng)使用被動語態(tài)。此處為get型被動語態(tài)，為“get過去分詞”。10(2014·陜西卷)_(work out) the difficult maths problem, I have consulted Professor Russell several times.【答案】To work out【解析】本題考查非謂語動詞。句意：為了解決這道數(shù)學(xué)難題，我已經(jīng)咨詢Russell教授好多次了。根據(jù)句意以及前后語意邏輯關(guān)系可知，此處應(yīng)該是“為了算出”那道數(shù)學(xué)難題，用動詞不定式表目的。 1_ an hour every day has made a considerable difference to my health.AHaving walked BWalkCWalking DWalked【答案】C【解析】句意： 每天步行一小時對我的健康很有益。此處為動名詞短語作主語，闡述的是一個事實，故選C項。2Today we have too many choices of communication through advanced technology，but we seem _ the joy of communicating face to face.Alosing Bto be losingCto be lost Dhaving lost【答案】B?！窘馕觥烤湟猓航裉焱ㄟ^先進的技術(shù)，有太多的交流方式供我們選擇，但我們看上去正在失去面對面交流的樂趣。seem to do sth.好像做某事。因動作正在進行，故選B項。3Nobody but doctors or nurses and those _ by Dr.Li _ to enter the patients room.Abeing invited；allowedBare invited；are allowedCinvited；is allowedDinvited；are allowed【答案】C【解析】考查非謂語動詞和主謂一致。第一空為過去分詞短語作定語；第二空主語的中心詞是nobody，所以選C項。4You should understand the traffic rule by now.Youve had it _ often enough.Aexplaining Bto explainCexplain Dexplained【答案】D【解析】考查“have sth.done”結(jié)構(gòu)。句意：到現(xiàn)在為止你應(yīng)該懂得交通法規(guī)了。已經(jīng)給你解釋好多次了。5With the couple _in a nearby town，the house seems pretty empty most of the time.Awork Bto workCworking Dworked【答案】C【解析】考查with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。work 和其邏輯主語the couple是主謂關(guān)系，表示現(xiàn)在的狀況，所以用現(xiàn)在分詞表主動。句意：這對夫妻在附近鎮(zhèn)上上班，(他們的)房子大部分時間都是空蕩蕩的。6Why do you look sad?There are so many problems _Aremaining to settleBremained settlingCremaining to be settledDremained to be settled【答案】C【解析】由于remain是不及物動詞，故應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞remaining，相當(dāng)于定語從句that remains；動詞settle置于remain之后，應(yīng)用動詞不定式的被動結(jié)構(gòu)來表示動作還未完成。7Hi，Mary.Would you like to go to the concert this evening?Sorry，Tom._ tomorrows lessons，I have no time to go out with you.ANot preparing BNot having preparedCNot to prepare DBeing not prepared【答案】B【解析】根據(jù)句意可知，選項動詞為原因狀語，表主動，強調(diào)動作的完成性，相當(dāng)于一個原因狀語從句：As I havent prepared tomorrows lessons.故應(yīng)選B。8The direct flight has proved successful since 2014，_ Taiwan another tourist destination for people on the mainland.Amade BmakingCmake Dmakes【答案】B【解析】從句意可知，后文是前文的結(jié)果，且主語與動詞make之間為主謂關(guān)系，因此用現(xiàn)在分詞making作結(jié)果狀語。9_to get a seat for the concert，he didnt mind standing in a queue all night.ADetermine BTo be determinedCDetermined DBeing determined【答案】C【解析】過去分詞作原因狀語，“Determined to get a seat for the concert”相當(dāng)于“Because he was determined to get a seat for the concert”。10The traffic rule says young children under the age of four and _ less than 40 pounds must be in a child safety seat.Abeing weighed Bto weighCweighed Dweighing【答案】D【解析】此處weigh為“重量為；重(多少)”的意思，作young children的后置定語，且與其關(guān)系為主動，用weighing，故D項正確。句意：交通規(guī)則規(guī)定四歲以下并且體重少于40磅的兒童必須放于兒童安全座椅上。11The pollution is getting worse and worse；we must stop pollution_a better life.Ato live Bfrom livingCliving Dlive【答案】A【解析】考查非謂語動詞。句意：污染越來越嚴重了。為了過一個更好的生活我們必須阻止污染。不定式表示目的，故選A項。12He hurried to the lecture hall，only _ that the famous professor had cancelled his lecture because of his serious ill.Abeing informed Bto be informedCinforming Dto inform【答案】B13With the 2016 College Entrance Examination _near，students feel great pressure.Adrawing BdrawnChaving drawn Dto draw【答案】A【解析】the 2016 College Entrance Examination與draw之間是邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，且非謂語所表示動作正在進行，故用drawing near作補語。with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)在句中作原因狀語。14Do you have anything more_，sir?Yes.I need this file to be typed and printed as soon as possible.Atyping Bto be typedCtyped Dto type【答案】B【解析】考查非謂語動詞。在haven.不定式結(jié)構(gòu)中，當(dāng)句中主語與其后面的不定式具有邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系時，不定式用主動形式，如“I have some clothes to wash.”中的to wash就是由該句主語“I”來完成的；但當(dāng)句中主語與不定式的邏輯主語不一致時，不定式用被動形式。根據(jù)答語的第二句可知，句中to type的動作不是由句子主語you來完成的。而是由第一個說話者來完成的，故應(yīng)用其被動形式to be typed。15We dont permit _ in the office but you are permitted _ outside.Asmoking；smokingBto smoke；to smokeCsmoking；to smokeDto smoke；smoking【答案】C【解析】句意：我們不準(zhǔn)有人在辦公室里吸煙，但允許你在外面吸煙。第一空用permit doing sth.結(jié)構(gòu)，第二空用permit sb.to do sth.的結(jié)構(gòu)。16He is often listened_ English songs，but this time we had him _a Russian song.Ato sing；sing Bto sing；to singCsing；to sing Dsing；sing【答案】A【解析】listen to本身帶有一個介詞to，listen to后面的不定式作主語補足語時，不定式符號to是不能省略的。在后一個分句中，使役動詞had后面用省略to的不定式作賓語補足語，故用sing。17We didnt find Tom _the lecture.No one had told him about _a lecture the following day.Ato attend；there to beBattending；there beingCattended；there beDattend；there was【答案】B【解析】考查分詞和動名詞。第一空動詞attend與Tom之間為主謂關(guān)系，所以用現(xiàn)在分詞作find的賓語補足語；第二空介詞about后應(yīng)使用there be的動名詞形式there being。故選B。18You should have thanked her before you left.I meant _But when I was leaving I couldnt find her anywhere.Ato do BtoCdoing Ddoing so【答案】B【解析】本句中的meant意思是“本來打算”，其后應(yīng)該使用不定式。當(dāng)與want，wish，hope，like，hate，try，have，ought，used，need，be able，be going，be glad，mean等連用時，to代替不定式結(jié)構(gòu)以避免重復(fù)。19Milk quickly turns sour，unless _ in a refrigerator.Astored Bto storeCstoring Dstore【答案】A20Which do you enjoy_ your coming weekend，swimming or fishing?Aspending Bbeing spentCspend Dto spend【答案】D【解析】to spend為不定式作目的狀語，而which是enjoy的賓語。 - 19 -