高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí) 第二部分 語法專練 專題八 并列連詞和狀語從句課件 外研版

專題八并列連詞和狀語從句考向分析考向分析在高考中,針對(duì)并列連詞的考查主要體現(xiàn)在and,but,or,so等詞的用法上。狀語從句包括時(shí)間狀語從句、條件狀語從句、原因狀語從句、目的狀語從句、結(jié)果狀語從句等,而高考考查的重點(diǎn)是when,if,because,be-fore,until,since等引導(dǎo)詞的用法?？键c(diǎn)一考點(diǎn)一 并列連詞并列連詞考點(diǎn)二考點(diǎn)二 狀語從句狀語從句本專題考點(diǎn)本專題考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)清單考點(diǎn)清單考點(diǎn)一并列連詞單句填空單句填空1.I am not afraid of tomorrow, for I have seen yesterday and I love today. 答案答案for句意:我不懼怕明天,因?yàn)槲乙呀?jīng)看到了昨天并熱愛今天。本題考查并列連詞。根據(jù)語境可知,前后分句為因果關(guān)系,故答案為for。語境運(yùn)用語境運(yùn)用2.He is a shy man, but/yet he is not afraid of anything or anyone.答案答案but/yet句意:他是一個(gè)靦腆的人,但是他不害怕任何事,也不害怕任何人。根據(jù)句意可知前后兩個(gè)分句為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,故用but/yet。3.Give me a chance, and Ill give you a wonderful surprise.答案答案and句意:給我一次機(jī)會(huì),我會(huì)給你一個(gè)驚喜。本題考查并列連詞。根據(jù)“祈使句+and+陳述句”句式,故填and。4.Theres no way of knowing why one man makes an important discovery while another man,also intelligent,fails.答案答案while 句意:沒辦法知道為什么有人能夠有重大發(fā)現(xiàn),而有的人同樣聰明,卻不能。while 在這里表示兩種情況的對(duì)比。1.and(1)and作并列連詞,意為“和,并且”,當(dāng)連接三個(gè)或三個(gè)以上并列的成分時(shí),一般在最后兩者之間加and,其余用逗號(hào)分開。He bought a book and a pen.他買了一本書和一支筆。Solid,liquid and gas are the three states of matter.固態(tài)、液態(tài)和氣態(tài)是物質(zhì)的三種狀態(tài)。(2)go(come,stop等)+and+動(dòng)詞,“and+動(dòng)詞”相當(dāng)于“in order to+動(dòng)詞”。Ill go and bring back your boots.=Ill go in order to bring back your boots.我去把你的靴子拿來。用法精講用法精講(3)“動(dòng)詞+and+同一動(dòng)詞”表示動(dòng)作長(zhǎng)時(shí)間地“繼續(xù)”或“重復(fù)”。We waited and waited.我們等呀等。(4)“祈使句+and+陳述句”相當(dāng)于“if從句+主句”。Work hard and you will succeed.=If you work hard, you will succeed.努力工作,你就會(huì)成功。One more time(=Give me one more time)and I will succeed.=If you give me one more time, I will succeed.再給我一次機(jī)會(huì),我就會(huì)成功。2.or(1)or表示選擇,意為“或,還是”。Would you prefer tea or coffee? 你喜歡茶還是咖啡?Are you going to America by boat or by air? 你到美國(guó)是坐船還是坐飛機(jī)?(2)“祈使句+or (else)+陳述句”相當(dāng)于“if.not+主句”。Hurry up, or youll be late for school.=If you dont hurry up, youll be late for school.趕快,否則你上學(xué)就要遲到了。Dress warmly, or else youll catch cold. 穿暖和點(diǎn),否則你會(huì)感冒的。3.表示對(duì)比、轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的并列連詞有but,yet,whereas,while等。Jane said she was ill,yet I saw her in the street just now.簡(jiǎn)說她生病了,但剛才我在街上看到了她。He likes pop music,while I am fond of folk music.他喜歡流行音樂,而我喜歡民間音樂。Some of the studies show positive results,whereas others do not.有一些研究結(jié)果令人滿意,然而其他的則不然。此外but還可用于“Im sorry but.”,“Excuse me but.”句型中。I am sorry but I wont be able to come tonight.對(duì)不起我今晚不能來。4.表示因果關(guān)系的并列連詞有so,for等。It must have rained last night,for it is wet all over.昨晚一定下雨了,因?yàn)榈教幎际菨竦?。The shops were closed,so I didnt get any milk.商店都關(guān)門了,所以我沒買到牛奶。5.when也可用作并列連詞,意為“那時(shí),這時(shí)”,相當(dāng)于and at this/that time。常用于下列句式:sb.was doing sth.when.;sb.was about to do/going to do/on the point of doing sth.when.;sb.had just done sth.when.。We were having a meeting when someone broke in.我們正在開會(huì),這時(shí)有人闖了進(jìn)來。We were about to set off when it suddenly began to rain.我們正打算動(dòng)身,突然下起了雨。I had just finished my homework when Tom came to me.我剛寫完作業(yè),Tom就來找我了。6.表示并列關(guān)系的并列連詞有both.and.,not.but.,either.or.,nei-ther.nor.,not only.but also.等。He spoke with both kindness and understanding.他說話既親切又明事理。The point is not who said the words, but whether they are true or not. 關(guān)鍵不是誰說了這些話而是這些話是不是真的。Either you are mad or I am mad.不是你瘋了就是我瘋了。Neither Tom nor Helen is hard-working.湯姆和海倫都不勤奮。Not only men but also women were chosen.選中的不僅有男性還有女性?？键c(diǎn)二狀語從句一、時(shí)間狀語從句一、時(shí)間狀語從句單句填空單句填空1.If you dont understand something, you may research, study, and talk to other people until/till you figure it out.答案答案until/till句意:如果你不明白某件事情,你可以去調(diào)查、研究并與其他人探討,直到你弄明白為止。設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句,表示“直到為止”,故用until/till。語境運(yùn)用語境運(yùn)用2. As the average age of the population increases, there are more and more old people to care for. 答案答案As句意:隨著人口平均年齡的增長(zhǎng),有越來越多的老年人需要照顧?？疾闋钫Z從句。根據(jù)句意可知此處應(yīng)用As引導(dǎo)狀語從句。3.We need to get to the root of the problem before we can solve it.答案答案before句意:在能夠解決這個(gè)問題之前,我們需要找到它的根源所在。根據(jù)句意可知用before。4.It was the middle of the night when my father woke me up and told me to watch the football game.答案答案when句意:半夜,我的父親把我叫醒并告訴我來看足球賽。根據(jù)語境可知,設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)一個(gè)時(shí)間狀語從句,表示“當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)候”,故填when。單句改錯(cuò)單句改錯(cuò)5.It was several minutes after I took in what he was saying. afterbefore 答案答案afterbefore句意:幾分鐘后,我才理解他說的是什么?！癐t+be+一段時(shí)間+before.”為時(shí)間狀語從句的常用句式,意為“過了多久才”,故after改為before。(一)when,while,as1.從屬連詞when既可引導(dǎo)一個(gè)持續(xù)性動(dòng)作,也可引導(dǎo)一個(gè)短暫性動(dòng)作;可用于主句動(dòng)作和從句動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生,也可用于從句動(dòng)作先于主句動(dòng)作發(fā)生。 When I lived there,I used to go to the seashore on Sundays.我住在那里時(shí),星期天常到海濱去。When the film ended,the people went back.用法精講用法精講電影一結(jié)束,看電影的人便回去了。當(dāng)when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句為系表結(jié)構(gòu),而且其主語和主句的主語一致,其表語又是一個(gè)名詞時(shí),就可以用由as引導(dǎo)的省略結(jié)構(gòu)來代替when引導(dǎo)的從句。 As a young man(=When he was a young man),he was fond of hunting.他年輕時(shí)喜歡打獵。2.從屬連詞while引導(dǎo)的動(dòng)作是持續(xù)性的,側(cè)重主句動(dòng)作和從句動(dòng)作相對(duì)比。Please dont talk so loud while others are working.別人在工作時(shí)請(qǐng)別那么大聲談話。3.從屬連詞as可表示從句和主句的兩個(gè)動(dòng)作交替進(jìn)行或同時(shí)完成,可譯為“一邊,一邊”或“隨著”。He hurried home,looking behind as he went.他匆匆忙忙回家去,一邊走一邊回頭望。As time goes on,its getting warmer and warmer.隨著時(shí)間的推移,天氣變得越來越暖和了。4.如果主句表示的是短暫性動(dòng)作,而從句用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞的進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)表示在一段時(shí)間內(nèi)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作,此時(shí)when,while與as可互換使用。When/While/As I was walking down the street,I came across an old friend of mine.當(dāng)我沿大街行走時(shí),碰巧遇到了我的一個(gè)老朋友。(二)as soon as,immediately,directly,the moment,the minute,the instant和once(一就)這些從屬連詞引導(dǎo)的從句都表示從句的動(dòng)作一發(fā)生,主句的動(dòng)作隨即發(fā)生,常譯為“一就”。The moment I heard the voice,I knew my father was coming.一聽到那個(gè)聲音,我就知道父親快來了。The boy burst into tears immediately he saw his mother.那個(gè)男孩一見到他媽媽便放聲大哭。注意:no sooner.than.;hardly/scarcely.when.也可表示“一就”,這一結(jié)構(gòu)的時(shí)態(tài)搭配為:no sooner與hardly/scarcely所在的主句的謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用過去完成時(shí),而than與when引導(dǎo)的從句的謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)。此外,當(dāng)把no sooner和hardly/scarcely提到句首時(shí),其所在的主句應(yīng)用倒裝語序。(三)till,until和not.until1.肯定句:主句的謂語動(dòng)詞必須是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞,主句、從句都為肯定式,意為“某動(dòng)作一直延續(xù)到某時(shí)間點(diǎn)才停止”。He remained there until/till she arrived.他在那兒一直待到她來。You may stay here until/till the rain stops.I hadhardlygothomewhenit began to rain.Hardlyhad I gothomewhenit began to rain.我一到家天就下起雨來。We hadno soonerarrived atthe stationthan thetrain left.No soonerhad we arrived atthe stationtha nthetrain left.,我們一到車站 火車就開走了。你可以在這里待到雨停。2.否定句:主句的謂語動(dòng)詞必須是非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞,從句為肯定式,意為“某動(dòng)作直到某時(shí)間才開始”。He wont go to bed till/until she returns.直到她回來他才會(huì)去睡覺。3.till不可以置于句首,而until可以。Until you told me I had no idea of it.直到你告訴我,我才知道這件事。4.not until.句型的強(qiáng)調(diào)和倒裝用法。It was not until you told me that I had any idea of it.(強(qiáng)調(diào)句型)Not until you told me did I have any idea of it.(not until置于句首,主句要部分倒裝)直到你告訴我,我才知道此事。(四)before和since1.若表達(dá)“還未就;不到就;才;還沒來得及就”時(shí),需用連詞before。We had sailed four days and four nights before we saw land.我們航行了四天四夜才看到陸地。We hadnt run a mile before he felt tired.我們跑了還不到一英里他就感到累了。Before I could get in a word,he had measured me.我還沒來得及插話,他就給我量好了尺寸。2.before從句中謂語不用否定式。Before they reached the station,the train had gone.他們到火車站前(他們還沒到火車站),火車就已開走了。3.“It will be/was+一段時(shí)間+before.”常翻譯成:才;就。It was half a year before I came back.半年后我才回來。It wont be long before we meet again.過不了多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間我們就會(huì)再見面了。4.since從句的謂語動(dòng)詞一般是非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞,主句的謂語動(dòng)詞是延續(xù)性的或者是反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。since從句的時(shí)態(tài)若是一般過去時(shí),主句中的時(shí)態(tài)常是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)或現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。I have written home four times since I came here.自從我來到這兒,我已經(jīng)給家里寫過四封信了。She has been working in this factory since she left school.她離開學(xué)校以后就一直在這個(gè)工廠工作。5.在“It is+一段時(shí)間+since從句”句型中,since引導(dǎo)的從句的謂語動(dòng)詞若是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞,常理解為某一狀態(tài)的終止;若是終止性動(dòng)詞,則理解為某一動(dòng)作的開始。It is three years since the war broke out.(終止性動(dòng)詞)自戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)爆發(fā)以來已有三年了。It is three years since I smoked(=since I stopped smoking).(延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞)我不吸煙已有三年了。如果譯成“我吸煙已有三年了”,應(yīng)為:It is three years since I began to smoke.(終止性動(dòng)詞)(五)every time,each time,next time,the last time,any time等名詞短語用來引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句,表示“每當(dāng);每次;下次”等。Every/Each time I was in trouble,he would come to help me out.每當(dāng)我處于困境,他就會(huì)來幫助我。Next time you come,do remember to bring your son here.下次你來這里的時(shí)候,一定記著把你兒子帶來。The last time she saw James,he was lying in bed.上次她看見詹姆斯的時(shí)候,他正躺在床上。二、地點(diǎn)狀語從句二、地點(diǎn)狀語從句單句填空單句填空1.Located where the Belt meets the Road, Jiangsu will contribute more to the Belt and Road construction.答案答案where句意:位于“一帶”和“一路”的交匯處,江蘇將對(duì)“一帶一路”的建設(shè)貢獻(xiàn)更多。本題考查地點(diǎn)狀語從句。設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)地點(diǎn)狀語從句,且在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語,因此用where引導(dǎo)。語境運(yùn)用語境運(yùn)用2.(2015安徽) Where he once felt like giving up,he now has the determina-tion to push further and keep on going.答案答案Where句意:在他曾經(jīng)想要放棄的地方,他現(xiàn)在有決心進(jìn)一步推進(jìn)并且堅(jiān)持下去了。根據(jù)句意可知用Where。引導(dǎo)地點(diǎn)狀語從句的從屬連詞where,wherever指具體地點(diǎn)時(shí),從句可用于主句之前或之后;表示抽象條件的含義時(shí),從句需放在主句之前。We should go where the Party needs us most.我們應(yīng)到黨最需要我們的地方去。You are free to go wherever you like.你愿意去哪里就去哪里。Where there is a will,there is a way.有志者,事竟成。Where there is smoke,there is fire.無火不生煙。/無風(fēng)不起浪。用法精講用法精講三、原因狀語從句三、原因狀語從句單句填空單句填空1.I really enjoy listening to music because/as it helps me relax and takes my mind away from other cares of the day. 答案答案because/as句意:我真的很喜歡聽音樂,因?yàn)樗鼛臀曳潘刹⑹刮也徊傩囊惶熘械钠渌?。本題考查原因狀語從句。空格前后為因果關(guān)系,故答案為because或as。語境運(yùn)用語境運(yùn)用2.Mark needs to learn Chinese since/as/because his company is opening a branch in Beijing.答案答案since/as/because句意:馬克需要學(xué)習(xí)漢語,因?yàn)樗墓菊郎?zhǔn)備在北京開一家分公司。考查原因狀語從句,所以填since/as/because。3.However, most scientists regard it as nothing more than a legend only because there is a lack of concrete evidence.答案答案because句意:然而,由于缺乏確鑿的證據(jù),大多數(shù)科學(xué)家認(rèn)為那只是一種傳說。設(shè)空處填從屬連詞because,引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句。1.引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句的從屬連詞有:because,as,since,now that,每個(gè)連詞的含義不盡相同。如:I was absent from the meeting because I was ill.因?yàn)槲也×?所以我開會(huì)缺席了。用法精講用法精講區(qū)別連詞位置內(nèi)涵語氣能否回答why 能否被強(qiáng)調(diào)because(因?yàn)? 主句前或后直接因果關(guān)系強(qiáng)能能as(由于)主句前或后雙方都知道的原因弱不能不能since/now that(既然)主句前As it is raining,we shall not go to the park.由于在下雨,我們不去公園了。Now that/Since everybody is here,lets begin our meeting.既然大家都在,我們開始開會(huì)吧。2.此外,when也可以表示原因,意為:since;considering that 既然;考慮到。如:It was foolish of you to take a taxi when you could walk there in five min-utes.既然你步行5分鐘能到那里,卻坐出租車,真夠愚蠢的。四、目的狀語從句四、目的狀語從句單句填空單句填空1.Cathy had quit her job when her son was born so that she could stay home and raise her family.答案答案so句意:當(dāng)Cathy的兒子出生時(shí),她辭去了自己的工作,為了在家撫養(yǎng)家庭。根據(jù)句意及句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,born之后是目的狀語從句。故空格處填so(so that為了)。2.The police officers in our city work hard in order that the rest of us can live a safe life.答案答案that句意:為了讓我們大家過上平安的生活,我市的警官工作非常努力。在題干中,hard之后為目的狀語從句,結(jié)合語境可知,that符合題意(in order that為了)。語境運(yùn)用語境運(yùn)用引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句的從屬連詞有:so that,in order that,for fear that,in case,lest等。1.in order that與so that兩個(gè)連詞都意為“以便;為了”,它們引導(dǎo)的狀語從句中需用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。in order that比so that正式,引導(dǎo)的狀語從句可置于主句之前或之后,而so that引導(dǎo)的從句只能置于主句之后。如:Ill speak slowly so that you can understand me.我會(huì)慢慢說,以便你能懂。用法精講用法精講In order that we might see the sunrise,we started for the peak early.為了能看到日出,我們很早就出發(fā)去了山頂。2.for fear that與in case引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句時(shí),for fear that表示“害怕,擔(dān)心”某事會(huì)發(fā)生;in case(that)表示“以防(萬一)”出現(xiàn)某種情況。如:Mary didnt want to get out of bed,for fear that she might wake her baby(up).瑪麗不想起床,擔(dān)心吵醒她的寶寶。Take your raincoat,in case it rains.帶上雨衣吧,以防下雨。五、結(jié)果狀語從句五、結(jié)果狀語從句單句填空單句填空1.Pahlsson screamed so loudly that her daughter came running from the house.答案答案so句意:Pahlsson尖叫聲如此大,以至于她的女兒從房子里跑了出來。根據(jù)空后的that和語境可知,此處是so.that引導(dǎo)的結(jié)果狀語從句,故空格處填so。語境運(yùn)用語境運(yùn)用2.(2017江西九江十校二次聯(lián)考) Hunting elephants was so profitablethat from 1979 to 1989 the number of elephants in Africa fell from 1.3 million to 600,000.答案答案that句意:獵殺大象能如此有利可圖以至于從1979年到1989年,非洲大象的數(shù)量從130萬下降到60萬。so.that.意為“如此以至于”,引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句。3.His plan was such a good one that we all agreed to accept it.答案答案that根據(jù)句式“such+a/an+形容詞+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)+that+其他”可知,that符合題意。1.引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句的從屬連詞有:so that,so.that.,such.that.。在非正式語體中,由so.that.,such.that.引導(dǎo)的從句中的that可以省略,注意其結(jié)構(gòu):so/thatsoa /anthatsomany/ much /few /little()that形容詞 副詞從句形容詞可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)形式從句少名詞從句sucha /anthatsuch/thatsucha lot of /lots ofthat形容詞可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)形式從句形容詞可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式 不可數(shù)名詞從句名詞從句用法精講用法精講Mike is such an honest worker that we all believe in him.=Mike is so honest a worker that we all believe in him.邁克是一個(gè)如此誠(chéng)實(shí)的工人,以至于我們都信任他。It is such fine weather that we all want to go to the park.天氣如此晴朗,以至于我們都想去公園。He earned so little money that he couldnt support his family.他掙這么少的錢,以至于養(yǎng)不起家。注意:(1)為了強(qiáng)調(diào)形容詞和副詞,當(dāng)so或such置于句首時(shí),主句要用倒裝語序。So clever a student was he that he was able to work out all the difficult questions.他是如此聰明的一個(gè)學(xué)生,以至于能夠解出所有難題。(2)當(dāng)so或such所在的主句主語與結(jié)果狀語從句中的主語一致時(shí),還可簡(jiǎn)化為:so/such.as to.。He was so clever a student that he was able to work out all the difficult questions.He was so clever a student as to be able to work out all the difficult ques-tions.2.such.that.引導(dǎo)的狀語從句與such.as.引導(dǎo)的定語從句的區(qū)別。首先觀察兩個(gè)句子:He is such a clever boy as everyone likes.他是一個(gè)人人都喜愛的聰明孩子。He is such a clever boy that everyone likes him.他是一個(gè)如此聰明的孩子,以至于人人都喜歡他。第個(gè)句子中everyone likes成分殘缺,缺少賓語,故可判斷該句為定語從句;第句中everyone likes him結(jié)構(gòu)完整,不缺任何成分,故可判斷為狀語從句。六、條件狀語從句六、條件狀語從句單句填空單句填空1. Once/If the damage is done,it will take many years for the farmland to recover.答案答案Once/If 句意:一旦/如果遭到破壞,要花費(fèi)很多年的時(shí)間才能使農(nóng)田恢復(fù)。根據(jù)句意可知用 Once/If。2.It is so cold that you cant go outside unless fully covered in thick clothes.答案答案unless句意:天太冷了,你不能出去,除非你被厚厚的衣服包裹得嚴(yán)嚴(yán)實(shí)實(shí)。根據(jù)句意可知用 unless。此處unless fully covered=unless you are fully covered。語境運(yùn)用語境運(yùn)用3. If we are satisfied with only a few rules we have memorized, we are not really learning the language.答案答案If句意:如果我們對(duì)僅僅記住幾條規(guī)則就感到滿意的話,那我們就不是真的在學(xué)習(xí)這門語言。根據(jù)語境此處應(yīng)該是考查條件狀語從句,所以要用if 引導(dǎo)。單句改錯(cuò)單句改錯(cuò)4.Mother had just said that when I wanted to have a better career advance-ment, I had to find work in the city. whenif 答案答案whenif句意:媽媽剛剛說,如果我想擁有一個(gè)更好的職業(yè)發(fā)展,我必須在城里找工作。根據(jù)語境可知,應(yīng)為if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句,故將when改為if。 引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句的從屬連詞有:if,unless(=if.not如果不;除非;否則),so/as long as(只要),in case(萬一),on condition that(條件是),sup-pose/supposing(假設(shè),如果),provided/providing that(如果)等。如:Youll fail the exam unless you study hard(=if you dont study hard).除非你努力學(xué)習(xí),否則你考試會(huì)不及格。As long as you dont lose heart,you will succeed.只要不灰心,你就會(huì)成功。Suppose/Supposing(that)they refuse us,who else can we turn to for help?假如他們拒絕了我們,我們還能求助于誰?In case there is a fire,what will we do first?萬一發(fā)生火災(zāi),我們首先做什么?用法精講用法精講七、方式狀語從句七、方式狀語從句單句填空單句填空1.Just as a single word can change the meaning of a sentence,a single sentence can change the meaning of a paragraph.答案答案as句意:正如一個(gè)詞可以改變一個(gè)句子的意思一樣,一個(gè)句子可以改變一個(gè)段落的意思。根據(jù)句意可知用as。2.Jack wasnt saying anything, but the teacher smiled at him as though he had done something very clever.答案答案as句意:杰克什么也沒說,但老師向他笑了笑,好像他做了件聰明的事情一樣。在題干中,him之后是方式狀語從句,結(jié)合句意可知,as與題意相符(as though好像)。語境運(yùn)用語境運(yùn)用引導(dǎo)方式狀語從句的從屬連詞有:as,as if,as though等。方式狀語從句一般位于句尾,有時(shí)位于句中。其中as if或as though引導(dǎo)的從句一般用虛擬語氣,但如果從句中所陳述的情況很可能實(shí)現(xiàn),也可用陳述語氣。Do as you are told,or youll be fired.叫你做什么你就做什么,否則你會(huì)被解雇。The old lady treats the boy as if he were her own son.(虛擬語氣)這位老太太對(duì)待這個(gè)男孩就像他是她自己的兒子似的。I feel as if I have a fever.(陳述語氣)我感覺我好像發(fā)燒了。用法精講用法精講八、讓步狀語從句八、讓步狀語從句單句填空單句填空1.(2017陜西咸陽二模) Researchers have found, in their experiment, that a babys cries can cause unique emotional responses in the brain, making it impossible for us to ignore them whether we are parents or not.答案答案whether句意:研究者們?cè)谒麄兊膶?shí)驗(yàn)中發(fā)現(xiàn),嬰兒啼哭能夠引起頭腦中獨(dú)特的情感反應(yīng),使得我們不可能忽略他們,無論我們是不是父母。whether.or.可用來引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句,意為:無論還是。語境運(yùn)用語境運(yùn)用2.(2017江西新余一中、宜春一中聯(lián)考) Wherever youre from, you can come to dance, dine, and take part in outdoor and indoor concerts.答案答案Wherever句意:無論你來自哪里,你可以來跳舞,用餐,參加戶外、戶內(nèi)的音樂會(huì)。根據(jù)上下文邏輯可知設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句,意為:無論什么地方,故填wherever。單句改錯(cuò)單句改錯(cuò)3.Unless hard you try, it is difficult to lose weight without cutting down the amount you eat. UnlessHowever 答案答案UnlessHowever句意:不管你如何努力,如果你不減少進(jìn)食量,是很難減肥的。根據(jù)語境并結(jié)合句式“however+形容詞/副詞+主謂”可知,逗號(hào)前為讓步狀語從句,故應(yīng)用however作為引導(dǎo)詞。1.although/though(盡管,雖然),even though/even if(雖然,即使,盡管)引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句although與though兩者意思相同,一般可互換,都可以與yet,still或never-theless連用,但不能和but連用。如:He is unhappy,though/although he has a lot of money.雖然他很有錢,但他并不幸福。Although/Though it was raining hard,yet they went on playing football.雖然雨下得很大,但他們還是繼續(xù)踢足球。Even though it is raining,well go there.(陳述語氣)盡管下著雨,我們也要去那里。 Even if I were busy,I would go.(虛擬語氣)即使忙,我也要去。用法精講用法精講注意:though還可用作副詞,意為“可是,然而”,置于句末。如:He said he would come;he didnt,though.他說他會(huì)來,可是沒有來。2.whether.or.(不管還是);疑問詞+-ever與no matter+疑問詞(不管;無論)。如:Whether you believe it or not,it is true.不管你相信與否,那都是真的。Whatever(=No matter what)you say,he wont believe you.無論你說什么,他都不會(huì)相信你說的話。Whoever you are(=No matter who you are),you must obey the rules.無論你是誰,你都要遵守規(guī)則。注意:whoever,whatever,whomever,whichever還可以引導(dǎo)名詞性從句。如:You can take whatever you like.(賓語從句)你喜歡什么就可以拿什么。3.when,while也可作從屬連詞表讓步,while常用在句首,when常用在句中,相當(dāng)于although。如:Suddenly,she stopped when she ought to have continued.盡管她應(yīng)該繼續(xù)下去,她卻突然停住了。While I admit that there are problems,I dont agree that they cannot be solved.盡管我承認(rèn)有問題存在,但我不同意說這些問題不能解決。技巧點(diǎn)撥技巧點(diǎn)撥1.做有關(guān)并列連詞的題目時(shí),首先要熟知and,but,yet,or,so,for,ei-ther.or.,neither.nor.,not only.but also.等并列連詞的意義和用法,然后要理清分句間的邏輯關(guān)系,最后給出正確答案。2.狀語從句的考查重點(diǎn)在從屬連詞上,因此考生要注意區(qū)分某些近義、近似從屬連詞及句式的用法。如:when,as,while的用法區(qū)別;if,even if,as if 在詞義上的區(qū)別;as far as,as long as,as soon as的詞義區(qū)別;as的多種用法;until,unless形似但語義不同的用法;before,since等句型的用法;wh-ev-er.=no matter wh-.的用法;也要注意狀語從句的省略現(xiàn)象(if possible,if so)等。