一般將來時(shí)教案.doc

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《新未來》教育 一般將來時(shí) 教案 1. 一般將來時(shí)的定義 一般將來時(shí)表示即將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。用be going to+動(dòng)詞原形，或shall/will+動(dòng)詞原形的句型來表示，常用時(shí)間副詞tomorrow, soon或短語(yǔ)next year / week / month, in a few days, in the future, sometime 等做狀語(yǔ)。如： What will you do this afternoon? 你今天下午干什么？ We will have a meeting tomorrow. 我們明天要開會(huì)。 He is going to study abroad next year. 明年他要出國(guó)學(xué)習(xí)。 2. be going to+動(dòng)詞原形的用法 ①表示即將發(fā)生的事 例：it’s going to be cold today. ②表示有某種打算或準(zhǔn)備做某事 例：that’s what I am going to say. ③表示按照計(jì)劃和安排將要發(fā)生的事 例：what is she going to play next? ④表示不可避免要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作 例：there is going to be a quarrel between them, I think. 3. 一般將來時(shí)be going to+動(dòng)詞原形的結(jié)構(gòu) ①肯定句：主語(yǔ)+be going to+動(dòng)詞原形+其它 例：it’s going to rain. ②否定句：主語(yǔ)+be not going to+動(dòng)詞原形+其它 例：I am not going to tell you about it. ③疑問句：be+主語(yǔ)+ going to+動(dòng)詞原形+其它 例：are you going to be a doctor in the future? 回答：yes, I am. No, I am not. ④特殊疑問句：疑問詞（what，where，how）+be+主語(yǔ)+going to do。 例：how are they going to spend their holidays. 4. will+動(dòng)詞原形的用法（與be going to 的區(qū)別）： 注意：be going to與助動(dòng)詞will均可以表示將來，?？苫Q。區(qū)別在于：be going to表示事先考慮好的意圖，已經(jīng)計(jì)劃或安排好了的事情，也可表示有跡象表明肯定要發(fā)生的事情，而will表示未經(jīng)事先考慮的意圖。 例：he is going to change his job. There is somebody at the door. I will go and open it. ①will表示說話人認(rèn)為或相信將來會(huì)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，而be going to 則表示將來發(fā)生但現(xiàn)在可以看得見的動(dòng)作。 例：the boat doesn’t look safe. It will sink with that heavy load.(說話時(shí)刻船并未沉) Look at the boat! It’s going to sink.(已經(jīng)開始下沉，可以看見) ②will表示說話時(shí)該決定的動(dòng)作，而be going to表示要去做已經(jīng)決定的動(dòng)作。 例：“oh dear! I spilt some wine on my jacket.” -----“don’t worry. I will clean it for you.”(說話時(shí)刻做出的決定) “why have you moved all the furniture out of the room?” -----“I am going to clean the carpet.”(表示說話時(shí)刻以前已有安排) 5. 一般將來時(shí)will/shall+動(dòng)詞原形的結(jié)構(gòu) 書面語(yǔ)中，當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是第一人稱I 或we時(shí)，常用shall，口語(yǔ)中任何人稱都可以用will。 ①肯定句：主語(yǔ)+will/shall+動(dòng)詞原形+其它 ②否定句：主語(yǔ)+will/shall not+動(dòng)詞原形+其它 ③疑問句：will/shall+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形+其它 ④特殊疑問句：疑問詞（what，where，how）+will/shall+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形 6.其它表示將來時(shí)的結(jié)構(gòu) ① be to + 動(dòng)詞原形。表示計(jì)劃、安排，而且是近期將發(fā)生的事情，或者一種常規(guī)性的活動(dòng)或注定要做的事情。如： 例：there is going to be an exhibition next month here. Who is to clean the classroom today? 今天該誰(shuí)打掃教室了？ When are you to return your library book? 你什么時(shí)候要還圖書？ The bridge is to be completed by the end of this year. 這渡橋該在今年年底前完工。 ②be about to + 動(dòng)詞原形。表示事情或動(dòng)作馬上、很快就要發(fā)生。往往暗含一種時(shí)間上的巧合，因此，句子不能再用時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。如： Don’t leave. Li Lei is about to come. 不要走了，李蕾就要來了。 Be quiet. The concert is about to start. 安靜下來，音樂演唱會(huì)就要開始了。 ③be +現(xiàn)在分詞。表示即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，進(jìn)行時(shí)表將來。這個(gè)句型中動(dòng)詞主要是瞬間動(dòng)詞： come, go, leave, arrive, begin, start, stop, close, open, die, join, borrow, buy等。如： Go ahead, and I’m coming. 走前面一點(diǎn)吧，我就來。 The dog is dying. 那條狗要死了。 Hurry up. The shop is closing. 快點(diǎn)，商店就要關(guān)門了。 ④一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。表示一種嚴(yán)格按照計(jì)劃或時(shí)間表進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。比方說，上課、飛機(jī)起飛、火車離站等。如： Don’t hurry. The meeting starts at a quarter past eight. 不要匆忙，回憶八點(diǎn)過一刻開始。 The bus goes back at four thirty. 汽車四點(diǎn)返回。 拓展： （一）通常情況下will 和 be going to能互換，但是be going to 與will 用法的也是有點(diǎn)區(qū)別的 1. 只用will不用be going to的情況: ①表示對(duì)未來時(shí)間與年齡的推測(cè)時(shí)，如: Tomorrow will be Monday. She will be thirteennextyear. ②表示必然發(fā)生時(shí),如： Fish will die without water. People will die if all green plants die. 2.只用be going to而不用will的情況： 如果表示已有跡象表明在不久的將來要發(fā)生的事情時(shí)，如： Look at those black clouds, It’s going to rain. （二）某些動(dòng)詞如：go/come/leave/start/begin/arrive等，它們的現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)可以表示將來時(shí)，如： They are leaving for Shanghaitomorrow. Mybrotheris coming here soon. 練習(xí) 一、單項(xiàng)選擇。 ( ) 1. There __________ a meeting tomorrow afternoon. A. will be going to B. will going to be C. is going to be D. will go to be ( ) 2. Charlie ________ here next month. A. isn’t working B. doesn’t working C. isn’t going to working D. won’t work ( ) 3. He ________ very busy this week, he ________ free next week. A. will be; is B. is; is C. will be; will be D. is; will be ( ) 4. There ________ a dolphin show in the zoo tomorrow evening. A. was B. is going to have C. will have D. is going to be ( ) 5. –________ you ________ free tomorrow? – No. I ________ free the day after tomorrow. A. Are; going to; will B. Are; going to be; will C. Are; going to; will be D. Are; going to be; will be ( ) 6. Mother ________ me a nice present on my next birthday. A. will gives B. will give C. gives D. give ( ) 7. – Shall I buy a cup of tea for you? –________. （不，不要。） A. No, you won’t. B. No, you aren’t. C. No, please don’t. D. No, please. ( ) 8. – Where is the morning paper? – I ________ if for you at once. A. get B. am getting C. to get D. will get ( ) 9. The day after tomorrow they ________ a volleyball match. A. will watching B. watches C. is watching D. is going to watch ( ) 10. There ________ a birthday party this Sunday. A. shall be B. will be C. shall going to be D. will going to be ( ) 11. They ________ an English evening next Sunday. A. are having B. are going to have C. will having D. is going to have ( ) 12. ________ you ________ free next Sunday? A. Will; are B. Will; be C. Do; be D. Are; be ( ) 13. He ________ there at ten tomorrow morning. A. will B. is C. will be D. be ( ) 14. ________ your brother ________ a magazine from the library? A. Are; going to borrow B. Is; going to borrow C. Will; borrows D. Are; going to borrows 二、動(dòng)詞填空。 1. I ______（leave）in a minute. I ______（finish）all my work before I ______ （leave）. 2. —How long _____ you _____（study）in our country? —I _____（plan）to be here for about one more year. —I _____（hope）to visit the other parts of your country. —What ______ you ______（do）after you ______（leave）here? —I ______（return）home and ______（get）a job. 3. I ______（be）tired. I ______（go）to bed early tonight. 4. Mary’s birthday is next Monday, her mother _____（give）her a present. 5. I am afraid there ______（be）a meeting this afternoon. I can’t join you. 6. Mike ______（believe, not）this until he ______（see）it with his own eyes. 7. Most of us don’t think their team ______（win）. 三、句型轉(zhuǎn)換。 1. People in the north often go skating in winter. （next winter） 2. There are two cinemas in that town. （next year） 3. He comes back late.（in two days） 4. She is a conductor of a train.（soon） 5. China is a modern and strong country.（in twenty years） 6. Do you study hard?（from now on） 第 7 頁(yè) 共 7 頁(yè)