高考英語總復習 第1部分 基礎考點聚焦 綜合過關檢測 重慶大學版必修5

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綜合過關檢測(五) (時間： 100分鐘　滿分： 120分) 第Ⅰ卷 第一部分　閱讀理解 [共兩節(jié)，滿分40分] 第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分) 閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項(A、B、C和D)中，選出最佳選項。 A (2016山東新泰第一中學高三質(zhì)檢)Though doing washing is relatively effortless, most people hate the work, which is probably why this new shirt produced by an American company, called Wool & Prince, is producing so much interest. According to Mac Brown, the shirt’s creator, the seemingly ordinary shirt can be worn for 100 straight days without washing! Of course, any shirt can be worn for that long, if smell is not a problem. However, the Wool & Prince shirt is different because it remains as fresh smelling as it was—the first day it was put on. And it never needs ironing, because it never wrinkles. While that may sound magical and even impossible, it is true. The secret to their success lies in the raw material used to make the shirt—wool instead of cotton. Not only are wool fibers about four times stronger than cotton, but thanks to the natural crimp(皺褶), they also do not wrinkle easily. But most importantly, the fiber is better at allowing moisture to escape. Sweat in itself is not smelly. It just gets that way when in contact with the human skin. Therefore, the fact that the fabric allows it to go off gives the shirt the“super power”to stay fresh after so many wears. You can get this magical shirt for $98, which is the current selling price on fundraising site Kickstarter. The company hopes to use the funds collected to begin producing the shirts. If things go well, Wool & Prince is planning to introduce other clothing, including similar dresses for women. Well, you’ve got your favorite pair of jeans already. You might as well add your new favorite shirts you’ll never have to wash or hang up either. They are surely a perfect match! 【文章大意】　一件襯衫可以連續(xù)穿100天，不用洗也不用熨燙，這是多少忙碌男士的夢想?。‖F(xiàn)在，一款優(yōu)質(zhì)、持久耐穿的“懶惰”襯衫，讓這個夢想變成了現(xiàn)實。 1．What is the character of the special shirt made by Mac Brown? A．It can be worn for 100 straight days without washing. B．It has no smelly problems like other shirts. C．It remains as fresh smell as the first day it was put on. D．It doesn’t need washing and never wrinkles. C　解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的句子However，the Wool & Prince shirt is different because it remains as fresh smelling as it was—the first day it was put on. And it never needs ironing，because it never wrinkles.可知，其特征是它總是和第一天穿上時一樣有清新的氣味，所以選擇C項。 2．The fourth paragraph mainly tells us ． A．the advantages of the special shirt B．the causes of keeping fresh C．why the special shirt doesn’t wrinkle easily D．it is beneficial to the human skin A　解析：段落大意題。第四段主要提到：羊毛纖維的強度是棉花的四倍、不褶皺、透氣性好等特點，所以本段主要說的是這種特殊襯衫的好處。 3．If you want to buy the special shirt, ． A．you must book in advance B．you’ve to go shopping at a store C．you’ll be presented with dresses for women D．you can click the site Kickstarter D　解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段中的句子You can get this magical shirt for $98，which is the current selling price on fundraising site Kickstarter.可知目前可以在網(wǎng)上買到這種特殊襯衫。 B (2016江西省高三聯(lián)考)The story began with a young mother who had three sons. Unfortunately, the youngest son developed slow thinking skills, not having the intelligence of his brothers. With double duty as the mother of the household, she was exhausted, so that the youngest was often the cause of anger and annoyance. Bad words, such as“you little fool”and the like, served as a daily meal for the youngest. The words and curses he got from the mother and ridicule from friends convinced him that he was distressing and embarrassing his family. Every morning he woke up with his own face staring from the mirror reflection, he started to say quietly and sadly，“The fool is going to school.” As adult citizens, there was compulsory military service which should be lived. Thus, the youngest son also signed up and started to follow the various tests: a medical, physical ability test and other tests. On the day of the announcement, he was called into the board of examiners. In his mind, he convinced himself that he was the fool and couldn’t pass the tests this time as he entered the room with his head down. It was not expected at all. The tests turned out to have the highest praise from the board of examiners. “Congratulations, young man! Your test results are incredible! You are really a great and talented young man.”Words from the board of examiners became the discovery of a new side of himself that was not known in advance. Voice kept echoing in his mind, such as“I, the great man, am in the shower”“the great man washes his face”“The talented young man again brushes his teeth”and so on. Confidence and improved selfimage came beyond usual. 20 years later, the youngest established himself as a successful businessman who was admired and respected, and received many awards. The mindset and belief are the power behind the success that is within us. Whatever we think and believe in our minds continuously, it will eventually materialize in reality. That’s the universally applicable law. 【文章大意】　來自別人的認可有助于樹立信心，在積極的心理暗示的幫助下，相信自己能夠成就一番大事，這是成功的重要前提之一。 4．Why was the youngest often scolded by his mother? A．He was not as clever as his brothers. B．He considered himself to be a fool. C．He didn’t behave himself at school. D．He didn’t cook meals for his mother. A　解析：細節(jié)理解題。由第一段的Unfortunately，the youngest son developed slow thinking skills，not having the intelligence of his brothers.可知，小兒子因為不如哥哥們聰明而經(jīng)常受到斥責。 5．From the story we know that the young mother is . A．selfish and lazy B．gentle and caring C．illtempered and impatient D．kindhearted and diligent C　解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的With double duty as the mother of the household，she was exhausted，so that the youngest was often the cause of anger and annoyance.可知，由于家務繁重，這位母親身心俱疲，于是總是對不如其他兄弟聰明的最小的兒子發(fā)脾氣，由此可推測，這位母親缺乏耐心，脾氣也不夠好。 6．What happened to the youngest son later on? A．He received aid from others. B．He became an admirable psychologist. C．He became confident and successful. D．He developed strange mental disease. C　解析：細節(jié)理解題。由倒數(shù)第二段20 years later，the youngest established himself as a successful businessman who was admired and respected，and received many awards.可知，20年后，這個最小的孩子變成了成功的商人，很受尊敬和崇拜，獲了很多獎。故選C項。 7．From this passage, the author tells us that . A．military service can change a person completely B．mothers’ attitude towards children is important C．even a fool can become a successful businessman D．think big and you will get big results D　解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章的最后一段的Whatever we think and believe in our minds continuously，it will eventually materialize in reality.可知，只有相信自己是了不起的，最終才能取得成功。故選D項。 C (2016東北三省三校高三模擬)While astronauts in space get to do many exciting things，they miss out on ordinary things that we all take for granted—being able to walk on firm ground，hanging out with family and digging into a slice of hot steaming pizza.Though not much can be done about the first two things，there may soon be a solution to the third one，thanks to this cool 3D pizza printer! About a year ago，NASA offered $125，000 to Anjan Contractor，a 3D technology expert，to build a device(設備)that would allow astronauts to make pizza in demand.The mechanical engineer promised that his invention would produce pies in large quantities that looked，tasted and even smelled like pizza made in common ovens. Late last year，the engineer presented a video of his first prototype(原型) that began by creating a single slice of dough(面團) that was cooked and printed at the same time.Then came the tomato“sauce”— a mix of tomato powder，oil and water and finally，a protein slice that resembled cheese.While the video didn’t show the baking process，the inventor said that once the pizza was printed，it could be ready to be consumed in 7 seconds. While the pie in the video looks delicious enough to attract any pizza lover，Anjan Contractor is far from ready for astronauts.That’s because he still has to find a solution to make the food container in the printer last for 30 years.Though that may sound unrealistic，actually it is not. Anjan Contractor believes that the only way that is possible is that the water is removed from all the ingredients(配料) and then they are reduced to the powder form.This，as you can imagine，will not be so easy.But，while the printer may not be ready for space，it certainly looks ready enough for people on earth.Hopefully，NASA and Contractor will consider selling it to those not fortunate enough to go to Mars! 【文章大意】　宇航員在太空時，也會有食物的需求。最新的研究表示，3D打印技術(shù)有望讓宇航員們在太空吃上披薩。 8．Why does the author mention the things that astronauts in space cannot do? A．To ask us not to take common things for granted. B．To show they live a difficult life there. C．To show their life is boring in space. D．To introduce the topic of the text. D　解析：推理判斷題。本文是為了介紹一項可以為宇航員提供“打印披薩”的技術(shù)可能性，因此說宇航員現(xiàn)在無法做到，是為了引出下文。因此選D。 9．NASA offered $ 125，000 to Anjan Contractor mainly to ． A．create some new type of 3D printer B．a(chǎn)ttract more companies to work for NASA C．help astronauts in space enjoy fresh pizza one day D．produce pizza in large quantities to earn great profits C　解析：細節(jié)理解題。由第二段的“About a year ago，NASA offered $125，000 to Anjan Contractor，a 3D technology expert，to build a device(設備) that would allow astronauts to make pizza in demand.”可知，美國宇航局提供的125 000美元是為了開發(fā)出能為宇航員們提供新鮮披薩的技術(shù)。故選C。 10．The biggest challenge that Anjan Contractor is faced with now is probably that ． A．he has no money left to go on with his research B．the pizza doesn’t seem appetizing to pizza lovers C．he has no way to make pizza that can last for thirty years D．he cannot make the food container last for decades D　解析：細節(jié)理解題。由文章第四段的“That’s because he still has to find a solution to make the food container in the printer last for 30 years.”可知，容器的時限問題是目前的一大難題。故選D。 11．What’s the main idea of the passage? A．NASA is trying its best to help astronauts eat better. B．Astronauts may be able to enjoy steaming hot pizza. C．NASA is working on making pizza for common people. D．A 3D pizza printer has been used to make pizza. B　解析：主旨大意題。文章主要講了向宇航員們提供的在太空自制披薩技術(shù)的開發(fā)，因此在將來宇航員們也許能吃上熱氣騰騰的披薩。故選B。 D (2016武昌區(qū)高三調(diào)研)The Sieferts are the kind of environmentally conscious family who has solar panels atop their home. They use timers on their kids’ showers and have planted droughttolerant landscaping. But they feel kind of guilt.“I haven’t thought about the pool as much as I probably should，” said Annette Siefert. As California’s drought worsens, swimming pools have become a target for those who think the classic backyard greens waste water. Some water districts have banned new pools from being filled and have limited how much water existing pools can use. But some of those agencies are walking back the rules as they make a surprising discovery: Pools aren’t the water wasters some have made them out to be. Analyses by various water districts, along with scientific studies, conclude that pools and their surrounding landscapes use about the same amount of water as a lawn(草坪) of the same size. Over time, pools might even use less water. With pool covers, experts say water evaporation(蒸發(fā)) can be cut by almost half, making pools significantly less wasteful than grass and about as efficient as droughttolerant landscaping. Facing complaints over a recent ban on filling pools, the Santa Margarita Water District conducted its own wateruse analysis. It found that pools require thousands of gallons of water to fill initially, but they use about 8，000 gallons less water than a traditional landscape after that. By the third year, the analysis found, the savings add up, and a pool’s cumulative water use falls below that of a lawn. Water agencies such as the Los Angeles Department of Water and Power have come to similar conclusions. Armed with new information, Santa Margarita Water District officials will reconsider their ban next week. “We want to respect the people’s rights to use their property. There are many families we know that have saved for pools，”said Jonathan Volzke, spokesman for the 155000customer district. “But at the same time, the reality around us is that we’re in the third year of a serious drought, and we don’t know if we’re in the third year of a threeyear drought or the third year of a 10year drought.” 【文章大意】　本文主要講述了加利福尼亞的干旱問題引起人們對游泳池的思考。 12．Annette Siefert feels guilty mainly because of ． A．being a typical water waster B．the wateruse of their swimming pool C．her control over her kids’ showers at home D．the construction of the droughttolerant landscaping B　解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段最后兩句及第二段的內(nèi)容可知，是因為加利福尼亞的干旱而導致Siefert對自己游泳池的用水感到慚愧，故選B。 13．According to analyses and scientific studies, a swimming pool ． A．had better be filled up in the beginning B．becomes more efficient against drought C．isn’t what people think to be wasteful of water D．consumes more water than a lawn of the same size C　解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段的With pool covers，experts say water evaporation(蒸發(fā)) can be cut by almost half，making pools significantly less wasteful than grass and about as efficient as droughttolerant landscaping.可知，游泳池不像人們想象的那樣浪費水，故選C。 14．What does Jonathan Volzke try to express in the last paragraph? A．He expects the serious drought to come to an end. B．He thinks highly of those who have saved for pools. C．He appeals for reasonable use of the swimming pools. D．He tries to maintain the right to use the swimming pools. C　解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的“We want to respect the people’s rights to use their property. There are many families we know that have saved for pools”可知，Jonathan Volzke主張尊重人們的選擇。故選C。 15．What would be the best title for the passage? A．Water Crisis in California B．Strict Ban on Filling Pools C．The Sieferts—Real Environmentalists? D．Pools—a Big Factor During Drought? D　解析：標題歸納題。本文在開頭用The Sieferts在干旱季節(jié)使用游泳池引入話題，下文講述了游泳池和干旱之間的問題，故選D項。 第二節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分) 根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。 (2016南昌二中高三檢測) How to Improve Eyesight Naturally Eyes are important for everybody. You must take care and try everything in your hand to keep them in good condition. Here are some of the tips to improve your eyesight naturally. 16． Strain is known to be a factor in many health conditions and eyestrain is no exception. Try meditation, yoga or other methods of stress relief to improve your vision and overall health. Try palming. Sit upright in a comfortable chair.17. Cup your hands so that there is no pressure on your eyes. Let your fingers rest across your forehead. There should be no light entering your eyes. Palming should be done for a period of 5 to 10 minutes to start. Palming should be relaxing. It may help to do palming in a darkened room. Avoid sugar as much as possible. 18． It will unpleasantly affect your eyesight, which affects the eyes by producing a larger amount of insulin (胰島素) in the blood. Therefore you shouldn’t be having much fruit juice or something that contains a lot of sugar. Exercise your eyes. The only exercise most eyes get is that daily rubbing we give them when we’re tired or suffering from eyestrain. But eye exercises are actually good for your eyes and can improve your vision. 19. Blink as fast as you can for a few seconds then close your eyes tightly, open and repeat. Do this exercise 3 to 4 times daily. Eat healthy. You probably hear that statement all the time but eating the right foods are necessary to good health. 20. Foods that are high in fiber, vitamin C, D and beta carotene as well as other vitamins and minerals can help improve your vision. Here are a few foods that can be beneficial to good vision: carrots, eggs, blueberries, spinach, kale, grapes, and fresh garlic. A．Reduce eyestrain. B．Keep your eyes moist. C．Sugar is your eyes’ worst enemy. D．Give your eyes a workout with the following exercises. E．You may not be aware that your diet affects your vision but it does. F．Close eyes and cover them with the palms of your hands. G．Be sure to get plenty of sleep so your eyes don’t strain to stay open during the day. 答案：16～20.AFCDE 第二部分　英語知識運用 [共兩節(jié)，滿分45分] 第一節(jié)　完形填空(共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分) 閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個選項(A、B、C和D)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。 (2016河南信陽高級中學高三檢測)“I...I thought you could use it for something.” Susan’s 21 did nothing to help us understand why a dark blue carpet remnant(零頭布料) was being 22 as a birthday gift.The murmured “thanks” could be barely heard as Holly tried not to allow her disappointment to show. Holly’s disappointment didn’t become 23 until the following evening when she came downstairs to say good night. “Well, I guess we know how much my best friend 24 me, huh, Mom？” She said 25 ， with her head down. The next morning, I carried a garbage bag outside. My heart sank as I 26 the lid of the garbage can and saw Susan’s carpet lying there. 27 only a moment, I picked it up and brought it into the house. “Susan 28 you and me to go over to her house after school tomorrow.” Weeks later Holly announced as she arrived home from school. 29 her voice carried a sowhat attitude, I sensed she was pleased by the invitation. The next day we 30 to the destination along the winding country road. A tall woman stood in the doorway to 31 us as we approached the small farmhouse. The house was 32 but neatly decorated with used furniture.From the 33 with the woman we knew Susan had long been separated from her parents and she was Susan’s foster mother(養(yǎng)母)． A warm light shone in her eyes as she 34 to me her fondness for Susan. I came to respect this 35 woman who had opened her home to a young girl and attempted to make a difference in her life. As daylight began to 36 we offered our thanks and said goodbye. Holly sat quietly in the car leaning her body forward as if willing the car to move faster. No sooner had we come to a stop than she 37 opened the car door and walked purposefully toward the garbage can. “Is this what you were looking for？”I held out the piece of 38 ．“Thanks, Mom.”a tear or two 39 from her eyes and fell onto the remnant，as if 40 , that has become the most precious birthday present in the world. 【文章大意】　女兒生日那天，她最好的朋友Susan送給她一塊地毯的零頭布料。女兒很失望，并將這塊地毯的零頭布料扔進了垃圾桶。然而，在拜訪過Susan家之后，這塊地毯像被施了魔法一般，變成了女兒最寶貴的生日禮物。 21．A.adaptation　　　　　 B．negotiation C．explanation D．a(chǎn)ssumption C　解析：根據(jù)“I...I thought you could use it for something.”及“understand”一詞可知，此處指Susan的“解釋”不能讓“我們”理解為什么地毯的零頭布料會被當作生日禮物。explanation解釋，說明。 22．A.valued B．deserted C．described D．presented D　解析：根據(jù)“as a birthday gift”可知，此處指拿地毯的零頭布料當作生日禮物贈送他人。present提出，贈送，呈現(xiàn)。 23．A.evident B．strange C．slight D．a(chǎn)bsent A　解析：由上文“as Holly tried not to allow her disappointment to show”可知，Holly竭力掩飾她的失望。再聯(lián)系下文她對作者說的話及“with her head down”可知，直到第二天晚上她的失望才愈加明顯。evident明顯的。 24．A.goes against B．thinks of C．learn from D．pays for B　解析：由語境可知，女兒認為通過送禮物這件事大家應該都知道她的好朋友關心她的程度了。think of記起，關心。 25．A.apparently B．regularly C．miserably D．consistently C　解析：由語境可知，女兒對好朋友的禮物很失望，因此她說話的時候情緒很不好。miserably極不愉快地，痛苦地。 26．A.lifted B．threw C．closed D．repaired A　解析：根據(jù)下文“...and saw Susan’s carpet lying there”可知，作者應是提起垃圾桶蓋時發(fā)現(xiàn)了Susan送給女兒的生日禮物被扔到垃圾桶里了。lift舉起，提升。 27．A.Pausing B．Hesitating C．Thinking D．Lasting B　解析：由語境可知，看到Susan的毯子后，“我”猶豫了片刻后把它撿起來拿回了屋子。hesitate猶豫。 28．A.expected B．convinced C．invited D．permitted C　解析：由下文“...she was pleased by the invitation”可知，C項正確。invite邀請。 29．A.Although B．Since C．Because D．Once A　解析：本句中“a sowhat attitude”和“she was pleased by the invitation”之間構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關系，故although意為“盡管”，符合語境。句意為：盡管她說話帶著一種無所謂的態(tài)度，但“我”能感覺到她對這個邀請感到很高興。 30．A.moved　 B．drove C．walked　 D．returned B　解析：根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“Holly sat quietly in the car”可知，“我們”是開車去Susan家的。drive駕車。 31．A.direct B．defend C．a(chǎn)rrest D．greet D　解析：由語境可知，一個高個子婦女站在門口迎接“我們”。greet歡迎，迎接。 32．A.messy B．noisy C．shabby D．smelly C　解析：根據(jù)下文“but neatly decorated with used furniture”可知，此處指房子很破舊。shabby破舊的。 33．A.chat B．switch C．exchange D．debate A　解析：由語境可知，Susan長期和自己的父母分開，迎接“我們”的是她的養(yǎng)母，這些情況都是從“我們”的閑聊中得知的。chat 閑聊。 34．A.admitted B．clarified C．revealed D．declared C　解析：由語境