啤酒貼標機的設計(總體和后標部分的設計)
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畢業(yè)設計(論文)任務書職教 學院 機械設計制造及其自動化 專業(yè)機電041 班級 學生 周強 題目: 啤酒貼標機的設計(總體和后標部分的設計) 畢業(yè)設計(論文)從 2008 年 2 月 18 日起到 2006 年 6 月 22 日課題的意義及培養(yǎng)目標: 畢業(yè)設計是在校學習課程中一個很重要的環(huán)節(jié),通過讓學生對啤酒貼標機的設計,把學生在校所學的基礎(chǔ)知識和專業(yè)知識綜合地進行應用。使學生在學完全部理論課程和專業(yè)課程以后,進一步地鞏固和擴大專業(yè)知識,鍛煉學生實際動手能力。培養(yǎng)學生從接到一項設計課題開始到設計出完整的全套圖紙及設計說明書為止整個設計步驟的具體操作(收集資料、寫開題報告、進行方案比較并確定設計方案、設計總裝圖、部裝圖及零件圖、撰寫設計說明書),為學生畢業(yè)后的實際工作能力打下良好的基礎(chǔ)。 設計(論文)所需收集的原始數(shù)據(jù)與資料:1. 生產(chǎn)能力:24000瓶/小時; 2. 適用瓶型:圓形玻璃瓶,按國家標準GB652-658-75,瓶頸D56 76mm,瓶高H160290mm,瓶口直徑d1316mm;3. 工作制:每年300天,每天兩班;4. 生產(chǎn)類型:成批生產(chǎn)。 課題的主要任務(需附有技術(shù)指標分析):該生主要負責以下幾部分工作:1. 通過畢業(yè)實習,收集所需要的有關(guān)設計數(shù)據(jù)、資料。 2. 整理所收集的設計數(shù)據(jù)及資料,經(jīng)分析比較后確定自己的設計方案。 3. 方案確定后,進行參數(shù)設計計算。 4設計總體裝配圖。 5. 設計后標部分的部裝圖。 6設計零件圖。 7整理并打印設計說明書。 設計(論文)進度安排及完成的相關(guān)任務(以教學周為單位):周 次設計(論文)任務及要求第13周畢業(yè)實習,收集所需要的數(shù)據(jù)及資料第4周整理資料,經(jīng)分析比較后,確定設計方案第57周進行參數(shù)設計計算第1812周進行部裝圖的設計第1315周進行零件圖的設計第1617周整理并打印設計說明書 學生簽名: 日期: 指導教師: 日期: 教研室主任: 日期: Beer labelerThis design has chiefly been introduced one kind of packing machinery ,and the work principle of mark machine reaches (back marks part)chiefly design process of parts,design the school and examine to his transmission system ,and to this have great to influence branch bottle supplies the stud sending has been in progress detail the calculation design .the major paper nature that is used to paste the cylinder body bottle of this design.This machine chiefly holds in the palm bottle platform and advances a bottle star wheel and from beginning to end label box is taken the mark device around among them including and send mark device and glue rolls and scrapes the parts such as offset plate etc .The characteristic of this machine is accomplish pasting voluntarily marking and comforts equal work ,and production efficiency is high .The major technology characteristic :Losing the bottle belt control with the full automatic working rate of progress of synchronical drive of this machine ,and that mucilage film thickness has can transfer the organization to control,and does not have bottle-nothing glue-nothing label electronics distance measuring equipment.1.Dyadic vacuum of straight line barrate sticks bid machine According to what used the label form and stuck the bid marriage partner thing diversity,may be a various pattern mark. Dyadic column bottle jar packageuses dyadic vacuum of straight line barrate to include two kind of the label being used for dyadic label of blade and being used for roll style closely to bid machine closely to bid piece. Be not that dyadic column bottle jar package uses straight line to be that vacuum barrate grows a form liang closely to bid including being used for blade label and dyadic label of roll closely to bid machine piece. This model structure is simple , cost is low, but the stability difference , action coordination under the control of working are difficult, this the model equipment Zhan field area is big and , the efficacy rise is bound to restrict.2.The rotary is labeled with the middle working closely to sticking being labeled withmachine in the rotary closely to bid machine , has board chain to transport machineand the rotary table carrying person alternately sticking a bid by the fact that corresponding sticking is labeled with the section working , accepting closely to bid marriage partner thing. Package has been labeled with piece in stick , has passed by a trajectory being composed of straight line and arc. Since straight line style sticks bid machine, the efficacy restricting , great majority manufacturers now all adopt rotary vacuum barrate to stick bid machine. Sticking sticking bid machine in rotary vacuum barrate is labeled with job middle , is has board chain to transport machine and the rotary table carrying person alternately sticking a bid by the fact that corresponding sticking is labeled with the section working , accepting closely to bid marriage partner thing. Package is labeled with piece in stick, action a trajectory being composed of straight line and arc. This model efficacy is not bad rise.3.Ltd. of Guangdong light industry machinery Corp. carries out technological innovation unceasingly during the period of 20000 late-model bottles/ on bottled production line of beer basis, melt unceasingly to enter 90s of international beer irrigating the advanced technology installing machinery equipment, bottled production line of beer and B & # developing by self when developing out having 24000 bottle of international standards/ 8226; Four bids stick TB18-8-6 being labeled with machine. Time 24000 bottles/, main bottled beer production line equipment loses box system , cap the system transporting machine , CIP and central authority feed chest etc. including having remove box machine , clear bottle machine , 72 bottlings closing machine, sterilize machine , four stick bid machine , encasement machine , clear bid boxes machine, lose bottle system. Can assort besides, provide remove box pile machine , code box pile machine , mould the box hoister and mould/ paper box lowerator.4.The Italy product reforms (1) being labeled with machine to buying sticking that Italy moving forwardproduces closely to bid machine , the body is labeled with , the neck bid , the back are labeled with , the top cap bid sticks the bid function since should have adopt three labels to accomplish aheading coming closely to bid,that the slot cam has designed that whose big dials is that corner number of times increases by in receiving a bottle and outing bottle entire proceeding, slot cam effect easy to wear a bid away and stick is not ideal support bottle plate. Under sticking the invariant bid function premise, navigate machinery works from Nanhai Sea tie switching over to be two label platforms, the cam has selected material a slot adopt SG iron , the curve has designed that a cam has adopt parabola transition design , messenger its operation is more stable , improves noticeably closely to bid effect, slot cam face is abler to endure , life time prolongs.(2) sticks a plain being labeled with the machine bid palm axis , the glue Lu axis and the glue knife axis use and a piece of top cap connection together, make to stabilize more in whose travel process, have swear to stick the stability being labeled with effect. The bid palm axis pretends togrip a place having adopt style convenient and rapid at the same time , change other bottle diameter and bid paper going to the lavatory , rapid, apply to the request producing the various breeds greatly. (3 )divides glue knife into two paragraphs for high and low , use two cylinders to control, the bid glue thickness adjusting high and low respectively, has been to have decreased by glue dosages , has improved sticking bid yield.5. To imitate West Germany to reform introducing the West Germany technology to broad Machinery Plant of Light Industry giving birth to a child closely to bid machine 723-15-4-6 domestic types are in progress closely to bid machine reform, only have a label platform because of the person, can only be labeled with closely to neck preparing the body bid , the function on the function limited , reform as follows for sticking increasing skill switching over to stick bid machine has been labeled with the function , the Nanhai Sea tie navigating machinery works work. (1) Have added a back label platform , have added the heading device and have been labeled with the brush , big dial slot cams acting in responses to change. Have the being labeled with closely to heading , neck bid , the body , unlucky bid , be equivalent to the cap bid function, make pair of bids stick bid machine the function rises being a function there be no a bid sticking bid machine , is in line with the international conventions.(2) The host label platform labels 8 pieces with the palm axis increasing by from 4 pieces , quantity increases times, that the bid palm rotation rate acts in responses reduces , makes a stability stick a bid more nicely. 30 8 6 types stick bid machine since being labeled with the palm axis , being gripping bid barrate , label box installation dimension and West Germany Kelangsi company the dimension has been consistent, and that has had interchangeability , expansion to owe spare and accessory parts sigmatism space.(3)Have been an aluminiums turn to label plastic cement surface bid palm with a palm piece , have been the plastic cement surface glue parts turn to be entire stainless steel glue Lu , have prolonged their life time , have reduced glue dosages.(4)The glue knife is two paragraphs mark go up and down , use two cylinders to control respectively, glue thickness adjusting high and low respectively, have improved sticking bid yield, may reduce glue dosages at the same time.(5) electric control aspect has adopt frequency conversion speed regulation , PLC has controlled by program, have raised equipment reliability and stability , handle display efficiency of box and accumulated output , and easy to control and handle.(6) Adopt complete machine stainless steel to put up colourless organic glass protecting cover , apply to safer.啤酒貼標機本設計主要介紹了一種包裝機械,貼標機的工作原理及(后標部分)主要零部件的設計過程,對其傳動系統(tǒng)進行設計比校核,且對本次設計有重大影響(凸輪)分瓶供送螺桿進行了詳細的計算設計。本次設計主要用于貼圓柱身瓶的紙質(zhì)標簽。本機主要有托瓶臺、進瓶星輪、前后標簽盒,其中包括前后取標裝置、松標裝置、膠滾、刮膠板等部件。本機的特點是能夠完成自動貼標、撫平等工作,生產(chǎn)效率高。主要技術(shù)特點:輸瓶帶與本機同步驅(qū)動全自動工作進度控制,膠水薄膜厚度有可調(diào)機構(gòu)控制,無瓶無膠無標簽電子測距裝置。1.直線式真空轉(zhuǎn)鼓貼標機按所用標簽形式和貼標對象物的不同,可分為多種型式。圓柱式瓶罐包裝件貼標用直線式真空轉(zhuǎn)鼓貼標機 包括用于葉片式標簽的和用于卷盤式標簽的兩種。非圓柱式瓶罐包裝件用直線是真空轉(zhuǎn)鼓貼標機 包括用于葉片標簽和卷盤式標簽貼標的兩種形式。這種機型結(jié)構(gòu)簡單,成本低,但工作穩(wěn)定性差,動作協(xié)調(diào)性控制困難,而且這種機型的設備占地面積大,生產(chǎn)率的提高受一定限制。2. 回轉(zhuǎn)式貼標機在回轉(zhuǎn)式貼標機的貼標工作中,貼標對象物有板鏈輸送機與回轉(zhuǎn)工作臺交替載運者通過相應的貼標工作區(qū)段,接受貼標。包裝件在貼標,行經(jīng)了一條由直線和圓弧組成的軌跡。由于直線式貼標機生產(chǎn)率的限制,現(xiàn)在大多數(shù)廠家都采用回轉(zhuǎn)式真空轉(zhuǎn)鼓貼標機。在回轉(zhuǎn)式真空轉(zhuǎn)鼓貼標機的貼標工作中,貼標對象物有板鏈輸送機與回轉(zhuǎn)工作臺交替載運者通過相應的貼標工作區(qū)段,接受貼標。包裝件在貼標,行徑了一條由直線與圓弧組成的軌跡。這種機型的生產(chǎn)率可以提高。3.廣東輕工業(yè)機械集團有限公司在新型20000瓶/時啤酒瓶裝生產(chǎn)線的基礎(chǔ)上,不斷進行技術(shù)創(chuàng)新,不斷融入九十年代國際啤酒灌裝機械裝備的先進技術(shù),自行開發(fā)研制出具有國際水平的24000瓶/時啤酒瓶裝生產(chǎn)線和BTB18-8-6四標貼標機。24000瓶/時啤酒瓶裝生產(chǎn)線主要設備包括有卸箱機、洗瓶機、72頭裝瓶壓蓋機、殺菌機、四標貼標機、裝箱機、洗箱機、輸瓶系統(tǒng)、輸箱系統(tǒng)、瓶蓋輸送機、CIP系統(tǒng)及中央饋電柜等。此外,還可以配套提供卸箱垛機、碼箱垛機、塑箱提升機和塑/紙箱降落機。4.意大利產(chǎn)貼標機(1)對購進的意大利生產(chǎn)的貼標機,由于該貼標采用了三個標簽臺來完成頭標、身標、頸標、背標、頂帽標的貼標功能,其大轉(zhuǎn)盤槽凸輪設計上是托瓶盤在進瓶與出瓶全過程中,轉(zhuǎn)角次數(shù)增加,槽凸輪易磨損且貼標效果不理想。在貼標功能不變的前提下,由南海平航機械廠改為兩個標簽臺,槽凸輪選材上采用球墨鑄鐵,凸輪曲線設計上采用了拋物線過渡設計,使其運行更平穩(wěn),貼標效果明顯改善,槽凸輪工作面更耐磨,使用壽命延長。(2)將原貼標機的標掌軸、膠轆軸與膠刀軸用同一塊頂蓋連接在一起,使其運轉(zhuǎn)過程中更穩(wěn)定,保證了貼標效果的穩(wěn)定性。同時標掌軸裝夾位采用了便捷式,更換其它瓶子直徑和標紙方便、快捷,適用大生產(chǎn)多種品種的要求。 (3)將膠刀分為上下兩段,用兩個汽缸控制,可分別調(diào)節(jié)上下標的膠水厚度,即減少了膠水用量,又提高了貼標合格率。5.國產(chǎn)仿西德貼標機改造723-15-4-6 型貼標機進行改造,因其只有一個標簽臺,功能上只能貼頸標和身標,功能有限,為增技改貼標機的貼標功能,南海平航機械廠作了如下改造。 (1)增添一個背標標簽臺,增添了頭標裝置及標刷,大轉(zhuǎn)盤槽凸輪相應改換。具有貼頭標、頸標、身標、背標、頂帽標的功能,使雙標貼標機功能上升為無標貼標機功能,與國際接軌。 (2)主標簽臺標掌軸由 4 件增加為 8 件,數(shù)量增倍,標掌轉(zhuǎn)速相應降低,使貼標穩(wěn)定性更好。由于標掌軸、夾標轉(zhuǎn)鼓、標簽盒安裝尺寸與西德克朗斯公司 3086型貼標機尺寸相一致,與之具有互換性,擴展了該零配件的使用空間 。 (3)該鋁件標掌為塑膠表面標掌,該塑膠表面膠輯為全不銹鋼膠轆,延長了他們的使用壽命, 降低了膠水用量。 (4)膠刀分為上下兩段,用兩個汽缸分別控制,可分別調(diào)節(jié)上下膠水厚度,提高了貼標合格率,同時可降低膠水用量。 (5)電氣控制方面采用了變頻調(diào)速,PLC 程序控制,提高了設備的可靠性與穩(wěn)定性,且操作箱可顯示生產(chǎn)能力和累計產(chǎn)量,便于控制與操作。 (6)采用整機不銹鋼架無色有機玻璃護罩,適用更安全。5II啤酒貼標機摘 要 本設計主要介紹了一種包裝機械,貼標機的工作原理及(后標部分)主要零部件的設計過程,對其傳動系統(tǒng)進行設計比校核,且對本次設計有重大影響(凸輪)分瓶供送螺桿進行了詳細的計算設計。本次設計主要用于貼圓柱身瓶的紙質(zhì)標簽。本機主要有托瓶臺、進瓶星輪、前后標簽盒,其中包括前后取標裝置、松標裝置、膠滾、刮膠板等部件。本機的特點是能夠完成自動貼標、撫平等工作,生產(chǎn)效率高。主要技術(shù)特點:輸瓶帶與本機同步驅(qū)動全自動工作進度控制,膠水薄膜厚度有可調(diào)機構(gòu)控制,無瓶無膠無標簽電子測距裝置。關(guān)鍵詞:自動,貼標Beer labelerABSTRACT This design has chiefly been introduced one kind of packing machinery ,and the work principle of mark machine reaches (back marks part)chiefly design process of parts,design the school and examine to his transmission system ,and to this have great to influence branch bottle supplies the stud sending has been in progress detail the calculation design .the major paper nature that is used to paste the cylinder body bottle of this design.This machine chiefly holds in the palm bottle platform and advances a bottle star wheel and from beginning to end label box is taken the mark device around among them including and send mark device and glue rolls and scrapes the parts such as offset plate etc .The characteristic of this machine is accomplish pasting voluntarily marking and comforts equal work ,and production efficiency is high .The major technology characteristic :Losing the bottle belt control with the full automatic working rate of progress of synchronical drive of this machine ,and that mucilage film thickness has can transfer the organization to control,and does not have bottle-nothing glue-nothing label electronics distance measuring equipment.KEY WORDS: Automation, Being pasted marks目 錄摘要 .IABSTRACT .II1 緒論.11.1貼標機簡介.11.2貼標機的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀.22 典型貼標機械.42.1直線式貼標機.42.2回轉(zhuǎn)式貼標機.53 貼標機的主要裝置. 63.1 標簽供送裝置.63.2 標簽傳送裝置.63.3 涂膠裝置.73.4 貼標整理裝置.73.5 檢測連鎖控制裝置.73.6 裝置的總體設計.74 貼標機的設計計算.104.1任務分析.104.2 回轉(zhuǎn)式貼標機的工作原理.114.3取標機構(gòu)的工作原理.114.4 貼標機構(gòu)的工作運動計算.125 主要零部件設計計算.145.1 基本尺寸計算.145.2 部分機構(gòu)設計.146 設計說明.226.1 夾標裝置.226.2 膠輥裝置.226.3 傳動裝置.227 使用說明.23總結(jié).25致謝.26參考文獻.27 啤酒貼標機的設計職教機電041班:周強 指導教師:吳春英(陜西科技大學職業(yè)技術(shù)學院 陜西 西安 710021)摘要:本設計主要介紹了一種包裝機械,貼標機的工作原理及(后標部分)主要零部件的設計過程,對其傳動系統(tǒng)進行設計比校核,且對本次設計有重大影響(凸輪)分瓶供送螺桿進行了詳細的計算設計。本次設計主要用于貼圓柱身瓶的紙質(zhì)標簽。本機主要有托瓶臺、進瓶星輪、前后標簽盒,其中包括前后取標裝置、松標裝置、膠滾、刮膠板等部件。關(guān)鍵詞:自動,貼標 Beer labelerABSTRACT: This design has chiefly been introduced one kind of packing machinery ,and the work principle of mark machine reaches (back marks part)chiefly design process of parts,design the school and examine to his transmission system ,and to this have great to influence branch bottle supplies the stud sending has been in progress detail the calculation design .the major paper nature that is used to paste the cylinder body bottle of this design.This machine chiefly holds in the palm bottle platform and advances a bottle star wheel and from beginning to end label box is taken the mark device around among them including and send mark device and glue rolls and scrapes the parts such as offset plate etc .The characteristic of this machine is accomplish pasting voluntarily marking and comforts equal work ,and production efficiency is high .KEY WORDS:automatic,labeling 1.簡介貼標機是啤酒生產(chǎn)線上的一個重要設備,其主要功能是將商標紙均勻地貼在啤酒瓶表面上。其中取標機構(gòu)和貼標機構(gòu)最為復雜,且運動要求很高,是貼標機設計中的難點。設計還包括了傳送裝置系統(tǒng)、涂膠裝置、貼標整理裝置及檢測連鎖裝置等部件的設計。2.方案的選擇2.1直線式真空轉(zhuǎn)鼓貼標機按所用標簽形式和貼標對象物的不同,可分為多種型式。圓柱式瓶罐包裝件貼標用直線式真空轉(zhuǎn)鼓貼標機 包括用于葉片式標簽的和用于卷盤式標簽的兩種。非圓柱式瓶罐包裝件用直線是真空轉(zhuǎn)鼓貼標機 包括用于葉片標簽和卷盤式標簽貼標的兩種形式。這種機型結(jié)構(gòu)簡單,成本低,但工作穩(wěn)定性差,動作協(xié)調(diào)性控制困難,而且這種機型的設備占地面積大,生產(chǎn)率的提高受一定限制。2.2回轉(zhuǎn)式貼標機在回轉(zhuǎn)式貼標機的貼標工作中,貼標對象物有板鏈輸送機與回轉(zhuǎn)工作臺交替載運者通過相應的貼標工作區(qū)段,接受貼標。包裝件在貼標,行經(jīng)了一條由直線和圓弧組成的軌跡?;剞D(zhuǎn)式真空轉(zhuǎn)鼓貼標機由于這種類型的貼標機采用真空轉(zhuǎn)鼓結(jié)構(gòu)構(gòu)件,具有吸標、傳輸、貼標等多方面功能,能提高貼標效率和工作可靠性,且可以促成機器結(jié)構(gòu)合理簡化?;剞D(zhuǎn)式真空轉(zhuǎn)鼓貼標機按所用標簽形式和使用的貼標對象物分成多種形式?;剞D(zhuǎn)式非真空轉(zhuǎn)鼓貼標機回轉(zhuǎn)式非真空轉(zhuǎn)鼓貼標機,與真空轉(zhuǎn)鼓貼標機的主要區(qū)別在于取標及其傳送裝置不同。由于直線式貼標機生產(chǎn)率的限制,現(xiàn)在大多數(shù)廠家都采用回轉(zhuǎn)式真空轉(zhuǎn)鼓貼標機。在回轉(zhuǎn)式真空轉(zhuǎn)鼓貼標機的貼標工作中,貼標對象物有板鏈輸送機與回轉(zhuǎn)工作臺交替載運者通過相應的貼標工作區(qū)段,接受貼標。包裝件在貼標,行徑了一條由直線與圓弧組成的軌跡。這種機型的生產(chǎn)率可以提高。3.工作原理 本機的傳動主要是傳遞運動,而不是傳遞動力,故一般用齒輪和減速機等形成的傳動鏈。由于各傳動之間不僅要傳遞運動,而且還要考慮正確的傳動方向,因此,必須逐個判斷齒輪的轉(zhuǎn)動方向,使該齒輪所帶動的執(zhí)行部件按照正確的方向旋轉(zhuǎn)。若有必要,則需在齒輪之間添加惰輪來調(diào)整整個執(zhí)行件的方向,同時,還應注意到各個部件之間的轉(zhuǎn)動關(guān)系,故必須有精確的傳動比,保證各部件同步計算。確定具體的傳動系統(tǒng)圖,最基本的就是要保證同步的要求,也就是說,應是取標、夾標、供瓶等協(xié)調(diào)工作,每個執(zhí)行部件具有相同的線速度,為此,結(jié)合傳動鏈平面分布圖的運動配合及運轉(zhuǎn)方向,我們將齒輪嚙合關(guān)系設計成與執(zhí)行件的運動配合有關(guān)系相對應。這樣以來傳動系統(tǒng)簡單、明了。在電機的驅(qū)動下,減速機帶齒輪Z1轉(zhuǎn)動,齒輪Z1帶動工作臺的大齒輪Z4轉(zhuǎn)動,在工作臺齒輪的帶動下,與其嚙合的齒輪(Z3.Z5.Z6)轉(zhuǎn)動,(Z3.Z5)轉(zhuǎn)動的同時帶動進瓶星輪和出瓶星輪,是酒瓶能夠順利的作回轉(zhuǎn)運動。在齒輪(Z1)轉(zhuǎn)動的同時,其軸上固定的萬向軸與其一起運動,帶動前標的貼標鼓,貼標鼓上的齒輪(Z10)便隨其一起運動,成為貼前標的動力來源。齒輪(Z10)與齒輪(Z11)嚙合,(Z11)與齒輪(Z12)嚙合從而使得貼前標的工作能夠順利的完成;(Z1)齒輪與齒輪(Z2)嚙合,帶動了鏈輪的傳動,通過鏈傳動,帶動錐齒輪(Z13)。錐齒輪(Z13)與錐齒輪(Z13)嚙合,從而帶動分瓶螺桿,實現(xiàn)酒瓶的正常供給。(Z6)轉(zhuǎn)動的同時,與其同軸的齒輪(Z9)便成了后標貼標的動力,在齒輪(Z9)的作用下,與其嚙合的齒輪(Z8)和(Z7)轉(zhuǎn)動,使得后標貼標工作也能按照給定的速率完成。為了保證標簽順利的傳送,在取標和松標的過程我們都采用了旋轉(zhuǎn)工作臺,即取標轉(zhuǎn)鼓和夾標轉(zhuǎn)鼓,但是,由于標簽由標簽盒供給的時候式直線型供給,因此,我們只好在取標和夾標的過程采用凸輪機構(gòu)來控制,使整個過程能夠按照預定的規(guī)律來進行標簽的傳送好粘貼。參 考 文 獻 1.包裝機械原理與設計 許林成主編 上??萍汲霭嫔?.包裝機械 許林成 彭國勛主編 湖南大學出版社3.輕工機械(液體包裝部分) 天津輕工業(yè)學院輕工機械教研室4。機械設計 西北工業(yè)大學機械原理及機械零件教研室5.機械設計手冊 化學工業(yè)出版社6.自動機械設計 詹啟賢主編3
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