2014屆高考英語(yǔ)一輪 Unit1 《Great scientists》課后強(qiáng)化作業(yè) 新人教版必修5

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111 Unit 1　Great scientists Ⅰ.單詞拼寫 1．In respect of this problem, we don't have to draw a________(結(jié)論)quickly. 2．Be________(謹(jǐn)慎的)as the road is frozen. 3．By________(分析)the parts of the sentence we learn more about English grammar. 4．It has been________(通知)that Mr. John and Miss Smith will get married next week. 5．The UN sent food aid to Haiti________(嚴(yán)重地)affected by the earthquake. 6．It is a great________(挑戰(zhàn))for him to govern the country well. 7．The river has been________(污染)seriously since the factory moved here. 8．What________(特征)distinguish the Americans from the Canadians? 9．His great________(貢獻(xiàn))to the development of a modern China will never be forgotten. 10．He is________(照顧)his mother in the hospital. 答案：1.conclusion　2.cautious　3.analysing/analyzing　4.announced　5.seriously/severely　6.challenge　7.polluted 8．characteristics　9.contribution(s)　10.attending Ⅱ.完成句子 1．They covered the boy with a blanket，________ ________ ________ ________ ________(把他的臉露在外面)．(expose) 2．The doctor________ ________ ________ ________ ______ ______(治好了這個(gè)人的癌癥)．(cure) 3．________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ______(他受到了老師的責(zé)備)because he hadn't finished his homework on time.(blame) 4．________ ________ ________ ________ ________(他提出了一項(xiàng)建議)that we should do something for the celebration of the 60th anniversary of the PRC.(put forward) 5．________ ________ ________ ________ ________(你只有努力工作)can you be respected by others.(only if) 答案：1. leaving his face exposed outside　2.cured the man of his cancer　3.He was blamed by his teacher　4.He put forward a suggestion　5.Only if you work hard Ⅲ.單項(xiàng)填空 1．For the next two hours she was________the film, so she didn't notice what happened around her. A．engaged in　　　　 　　 B．busy with C．a(chǎn)bsorbed in D．occupied with 答案：C　考查短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：在此后的兩個(gè)小時(shí)里，她在專心看電影，因而沒有注意到周圍所發(fā)生的事情。be engaged in“從事”；be busy with“忙于”；be absorbed in“全神貫注于”；be occupied with“忙于”。C項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)義。 2．(2012·棗莊模擬)It was the boy, rather than his teachers, that ________ for what the boy had done. A．were to blame B．were to blamed C．was to blame D．was to be blamed 答案：C　be to blame表示“應(yīng)該受責(zé)備”，從結(jié)構(gòu)分析主語(yǔ)應(yīng)當(dāng)為the boy，因此選C。 3．________to sunlight for too much time, as the doctors say, will do harm to one's skin. A．Being exposed B．Having exposed C．Exposed D．After being exposed 答案：A　考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。從題干可知，句子的謂語(yǔ)“will do”沒有主語(yǔ)，而選項(xiàng)B、C和D均不能在句中作主語(yǔ)，它們可以在句中作狀語(yǔ)，故均可排除。而選項(xiàng)A為動(dòng)名詞的被動(dòng)式，符合語(yǔ)境。 4．We all feel it is Jack as well as his wife that________for their son's bad performance at school. A．a(chǎn)re to blame B．is to be blamed C．a(chǎn)re to be blamed D．is to blame 答案：D　句意：我們都感覺是杰克和他的妻子應(yīng)該對(duì)他們兒子在學(xué)校的惡劣行為負(fù)責(zé)。賓語(yǔ)從句是強(qiáng)調(diào)句，強(qiáng)調(diào)主語(yǔ)，根據(jù)主謂一致原則可知，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用單數(shù)。be to blame意為“應(yīng)負(fù)責(zé)任”。 5．The police are searching everywhere for Mr James, who they think is________to the crime. A．linked B．concerned C．united D．mixed 答案：A　be linked to“與……有關(guān)”；be concerned with“與……有關(guān)”；united“聯(lián)合的；團(tuán)結(jié)的”；be mixed up in“與……有牽連”。 6．The leaders from some of the countries suggested that the problem of the nuclear weapon about Iran worth paying attention________at the international conference. A．to be discussed B．to being discussed C．to discuss D．to discussing 答案：A　考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)pay attention to與虛擬語(yǔ)氣在具體語(yǔ)境中的運(yùn)用。worth paying attention to為后置定語(yǔ)修飾名詞problem，而suggest表示“建議”的時(shí)候，從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用虛擬語(yǔ)氣(should＋)動(dòng)詞原形。 7．He is in great need of money, but he has________our help. A．rejected B．reputed C．ignored D．overlooked 答案：A　考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：他很需要錢，但他拒絕了我們的幫助。reject“拒絕”；repute“認(rèn)為”；ignore“忽視”；overlook“忽略”。 8．In my opinion, what he told us just now about the affair simply doesn't make any________. A．idea B．meaning C．sense D．point 答案：C　make sense是習(xí)語(yǔ)，意為“有道理，意義清楚”。句意：在我看來，他剛才告訴我們的對(duì)于這個(gè)事件的看法沒有任何意義。 9．Only when________possible to settle the problem. A．does the chief editor come will it be B．the chief editor comes will it be C．has the chief editor come it will be D．the chief editor comes it will be 答案：B　only修飾狀語(yǔ)從句位于句首時(shí)，主句要部分倒裝，而從句用正常語(yǔ)序。 10．I'm very________about expressing my opinions in public in case I may make mistakes. A．cautious B．confused C．delighted D．enthusiastic 答案：A　cautious“小心的，謹(jǐn)慎的”。句意：為了防止犯錯(cuò)誤，我在公開場(chǎng)合下表達(dá)自己的觀點(diǎn)時(shí)，非常謹(jǐn)慎。confused“困惑的”；delighted“高興的”；enthusiastic“熱情的”。 11．—Your name again, please？________. —It's Bell Green. A．I didn't quite catch you B．I couldn't quite catch you C．I don't hear you D．It's your name 答案：A　讓對(duì)方重復(fù)所說的話，是因?yàn)闆]有聽清楚(表示、事實(shí))。catch此處意為“聽清”。B項(xiàng)是干擾項(xiàng)，說話人要表述的是“剛才沒有聽清”，而不是“不能聽清”。 12．________you take part in physical activity________be able to keep fit and stay healthy. A．Only if; you will B．Only if; will you C．Unless; you will D．Unless; will you 答案：B　考查部分倒裝。句意：只有參加體育鍛煉，你才能保持身體健康。“only＋狀語(yǔ)從句”放于句首時(shí)，主句要進(jìn)行部分倒裝。此處是“only＋if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句”，故主句須用倒裝形式，因而排除A、C兩項(xiàng)，unless不符合句意，故排除D而選B。 13．The view he________at the sales meeting last night sounds a little reasonable. A．took down B．put forward C．took off D．made up 答案：B　put forward“提出”；take down“寫下，記下”；take off“脫下(衣服等)”；make up“編造，組成”。 14．________its low cost, the appeal of iron as a building material lies in its strength, its resistance to fire, and its potential to span vast areas. A．Other than B．Apart from C．Except for D．Rather than 答案：B　句意：除了低成本外，對(duì)作為建筑材料的鐵的需求在于其自身的強(qiáng)度、耐火性以及在其他廣泛領(lǐng)域中的應(yīng)用潛能。apart from在此處相當(dāng)于介詞besides，符合語(yǔ)義。other than“除了”；except for“除……以外”；rather than“而不是”，均不符合語(yǔ)義。 15．—________to the sun, the flower will become dry soon. —What you said does make________. A．Exposed; sense B．Exposing; sense C．Exposed; senses D．Exposing; a sense 答案：A　句意：——暴露在日光下，這花兒很快就會(huì)被曬干?！阏f的話的確有道理。第一空expose與flower之間是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，所以應(yīng)用過去分詞作狀語(yǔ)；第二空make sense為固定用法，表示“有道理，講得通”。 Ⅳ.完形填空 Many adults see teens as energetic. Many of us see ourselves as proud. This thinking__1__many adults and us to have the idea that if we can't handle school or__2__life well, we are just not trying hard. But in my opinion that may not be__3__. Earlier this school year, I was leaving my class one Friday__4__suddenly it__5__like I had pulled a muscle in my back. I knew I was ill. After a few days I stopped eating. This meant I lost__6__； the clothes that I bought two weeks earlier began__7__loose. This time my parents got scared. __8__， I started sleeping less. My eyelids (眼皮) were constantly__9__. I refused to__10__that I was ill. I kept my job working 25 hours a week in a shop; I didn't__11__any classes. When I was hurting, I didn't mind and kept on going.__12__it kills you, it makes you stronger, right? But now I find myself thinking. Is it__13__it? I'm taking the classes and working for the newspaper because it does good__14__college applications. And I'm working 25 hours a week so that, once I get into my dream school, I can__15__it. Here I am, already sick from the__16__of work I'm doing in and out of school. So, what good is a(n)__17__application if I'm badly ill? What is the__18__of doing this work if I can't enjoy the results? In fact, by writing my__19__I'm telling all the people who__20__ much about the future to worry about it now. 文章大意：成年人認(rèn)為青年是精力充沛的，我們青年也以這點(diǎn)而自豪。這種想法就會(huì)使成年人和我們認(rèn)為如果我們沒有把學(xué)業(yè)和生活處理好的話，我們就是沒努力。這種觀點(diǎn)對(duì)嗎？ 1．A.makes B．forces C．causes D．intends 答案：C　空處動(dòng)詞和后面的帶to的不定式構(gòu)成搭配，由此可排除A，make后要求跟不帶to的不定式作賓補(bǔ)；cause sb.to do sth.“促使某人做某事”，符合語(yǔ)境；盡管force可以構(gòu)成這種復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，但“迫使某人有某種想法”和語(yǔ)境不符合。 2．A.still B．even C．just D．yet 答案：B　上文的school與下文的life之間存在遞進(jìn)關(guān)系，故選用even。 3．A.true B．real C．wrong D．false 答案：A　由下文可知，作者認(rèn)為這種想法不見得是正確的、符合客觀實(shí)際的。true表示“符合事實(shí)，是真的而不是假的或捏造的”，real表示“人或事物真實(shí)存在的，而不是想象的或虛構(gòu)的”。 4．A.while B．when C．then D．how 答案：B　語(yǔ)境“我正要離開教室，恰在此時(shí)突然感覺像是背部抽筋了?！笨疾椤?..be doing sth....when...”這一典型句式，其中when是并列連詞，意為“就在此時(shí)(突然)”，故選B。 5．A.looked B．sounded C．a(chǎn)ppeared D．felt 答案：D　“我”突然感覺背上好像抽筋了，feel like固定詞組“感覺像，覺得好像是……，想要”。 6．A.face B．hope C．weight D．direction 答案：C　由上文可知，幾天不吃飯“體重”當(dāng)然下降。 7．A.hanging B．holding C．changing D．dressing 答案：A　前兩周剛買的衣服開始變得寬松。hang loose固定詞組，“保持鎮(zhèn)靜、松弛、放松”，在此表示衣服寬大、松弛的樣子。 8．A.In fact B．In addition C．In disorder D．In general 答案：B　更糟糕的是，作者開始失眠。根據(jù)篇章結(jié)構(gòu)，此處應(yīng)為表遞進(jìn)關(guān)系的短語(yǔ)。in addition“另外”符合行文邏輯；in fact“事實(shí)上”；in disorder“混亂”；in general“通常，一般而言”。 9．A.light B．shut C．open D．heavy 答案：D　由常識(shí)可知，睡得少會(huì)感覺眼皮很重，故用heavy。 10．A.insist B．determine C．a(chǎn)ccept D．consider 答案：C　“我”拒絕接受生病的事實(shí)，繼續(xù)長(zhǎng)時(shí)間地工作和學(xué)習(xí)。accept“接受”；insist“堅(jiān)持”；determine“決定”；consider“考慮”。 11．A.lose B．drop C．give D．take 答案：B　“我”沒有曠過任何課。drop class“曠課”，符合語(yǔ)境。 12．A.Unless B．If C．Though D．Before 答案：A　“我”固執(zhí)地認(rèn)為：生活中的磨難除非能置人于死地，否則它能使人更堅(jiān)強(qiáng)。 13．A.paid B．similar to C．equal to D．worth 答案：D　但現(xiàn)在“我”在思考，這樣做“值得”嗎？ 14．A.at B．to C．on D．with 答案：B　“我”如此努力地學(xué)習(xí)和工作是因?yàn)闉榱俗尨髮W(xué)申請(qǐng)表看起來更吸引人。do good to“對(duì)……有利”。 15．A.control B．manage C．support D．a(chǎn)fford 答案：D　這樣拼命工作，一旦作者上了理想的大學(xué)，就能支付得起所需費(fèi)用。afford“付得起(……費(fèi)用)”。 16．A.amount B．set C．kind D．number 答案：A　我現(xiàn)在因病早已不能做校內(nèi)外的大量的工作。the amount of...意為“……的數(shù)量”，這里指“工作的量(大)”，不可數(shù)，因此不能用number。 17．A.suitable B．impressive C．believable D．usual 答案：B　我病得這么重，申請(qǐng)表再吸引人又有什么用呢？impressive“有吸引力的”，與上文does good前后相照應(yīng)。 18．A.reason B．idea C．point D．tip 答案：C　如果不能享受結(jié)果，“我”做這些工作又有什么意義呢？point“意義，道理”；reason“原因”；idea“想法”；tip“末端，建議”。 19．A.time B．work C．newspaper D．story 答案：D　my story在此處意為“我的親身經(jīng)歷”。 20．A.think B．care C．miss D．realize 答案：B　事實(shí)上，通過寫“我”的經(jīng)歷，“我”想告訴所有關(guān)注未來的人，更應(yīng)關(guān)注現(xiàn)在。 Ⅴ.書面表達(dá) 全世界的環(huán)境問題變得越來越嚴(yán)重。根據(jù)所給開頭，寫一篇120～150詞的關(guān)于環(huán)境保護(hù)的文章。要點(diǎn)應(yīng)包括： (1)環(huán)境惡化的現(xiàn)狀及原因(汽車、工廠、生活垃圾)。 (2)我們?cè)撛趺醋黾澳愕某h。 Environmental problems are becoming more and more serious all over the world.___________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ [范文借鑒] Environmental_problems_are_becoming_more_and_more_serious_all_over_the_world. For example, poisonous gas given off by factories and cars has made the air unhealthy for people to breathe. Trees on the hills have been cut down and waste water is being poured continuously into rivers. Furthermore, wherever we go today, we can find rubbish carelessly thrown. Pollution is, in fact, threatening our existence. The earth is our home and we have the duty to take care of it for ourselves and for our later generations. As students we can also do something for our environment. For example, turn the lights off when no one is in the classroom. We believe that doing these small things will improve our environment and help make our world a better place to live in. (We hope the problem will be solved in the near future and our home will become better and better)． 111