2019年高考英語一輪總復(fù)習(xí) 語法專項(xiàng)突破 真題分類 非謂語動(dòng)詞.doc

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2019年高考英語一輪總復(fù)習(xí) 語法專項(xiàng)突破 真題分類 非謂語動(dòng)詞 【xx新課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷I】35．The sunlight is white and blinding，________ hard－edged shadows on the ground. A．being thrown B．throwing C．to throw D．to be thrown 【解析】　本題考查非謂語動(dòng)詞的用法。句意：太陽光白得耀眼，在地上投下了輪廓鮮明的影子。根據(jù)句意判斷，此空格處應(yīng)該填入一個(gè)能作伴隨狀語，且和句子的主語的邏輯上構(gòu)成主謂關(guān)系的非謂語動(dòng)詞形式。首先排除A、D兩個(gè)選項(xiàng)，因?yàn)檫@兩個(gè)選項(xiàng)在邏輯上和句子的主語是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系；C項(xiàng)雖然可以和句子的主語構(gòu)成邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，但是其常用作目的狀語或結(jié)果狀語等，不能用作伴隨狀語，所以也得排除。剩下的B項(xiàng)既符合語法規(guī)則，也符合語意邏輯關(guān)系。故答案選B項(xiàng)。 【答案】　B 【xx新課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷II】5．I got to the office earlier that day，________ the 7：30 train from Paddington. A．caught B．to have caught C．to catch D．having caught 【解析】　題干的意思是：“那天我到達(dá)辦公室比較早，因?yàn)槲亿s上了從帕丁頓來的7：30的火車?！狈治鼍湟饪芍琧atch動(dòng)作已經(jīng)發(fā)生，所以排除B、C兩項(xiàng)。本題考查非謂語動(dòng)詞，I與catch之間為主動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以排除A項(xiàng)，因此選擇D項(xiàng)。解答這類題目的關(guān)鍵是判斷句子主語與非謂語動(dòng)詞之間的關(guān)系。 【答案】　D 【xx北京卷】24．________the course very difficult，she decided to move to a lower level. A．Find B．Finding C．To find D．Found 【解析】　題干的意思是：發(fā)現(xiàn)這門課程很難，她決定轉(zhuǎn)向難度低一些的課程。本句的主語為she，與find之間為主謂關(guān)系，要用現(xiàn)在分詞短語作狀語，故正確答案為B項(xiàng)?？忌赡軙?huì)受思維定式的影響而選C項(xiàng)，理解成動(dòng)詞不定式作目的狀語。由語境可知，此處不是為了發(fā)現(xiàn)這門課程很難，故C項(xiàng)不正確。分析清楚主語與非謂語動(dòng)詞之間的關(guān)系是解題關(guān)鍵。 【答案】　B 【xx重慶卷】30．When I was little, my mother used to sit by my bed，________me stories till I fell asleep. A．having told B．telling C．told D．to tell 【解析】　句意：我小時(shí)候，媽媽常常坐在我的床邊給我講故事，一直講到我睡著?？崭袂笆且粋€(gè)主干無缺、語意完整的句子，因此可首先排除作謂語的told。A項(xiàng)having told表示動(dòng)作已經(jīng)發(fā)生；B項(xiàng)telling表示動(dòng)作正在發(fā)生；D項(xiàng)to tell表示動(dòng)作尚未發(fā)生。從句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析得知，“給我講故事一直講到我睡著”是作伴隨狀語的。只有B項(xiàng)telling可作伴隨狀語，表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行。 【答案】　B 【xx山東卷】29．I stopped the car ________ a short break as I was feeling tired. A．take B．taking C．to take D．taken 【解析】　句意：因?yàn)槲腋械嚼哿?，我停下車休息了一小?huì)兒。此處用不定式短語作目的狀語。 【答案】　C 【xx山東卷】33．________ at the cafeteria before，Tina didnt want to eat there again. A．Having eaten B．To eat C．Eat D．Eating 【解析】　句意：以前在那家自助餐館吃過飯，蒂娜不想再去那里吃了。解答本題的關(guān)鍵是分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)。句子的主語Tina與eat構(gòu)成主動(dòng)關(guān)系，需用doing；再根據(jù)句中的關(guān)鍵詞before知“eat”這一動(dòng)作發(fā)生在主句謂語動(dòng)詞“didnt want”之前，故用doing的完成形式having done，因此本題選having eaten。 【答案】　A 【xx江蘇卷】24．Lionel Messi，________ the record for the most goals in a calendar year，is considered the most talented football player in Europe. A．set B．setting C．to set D．having set 【解析】　通過分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，Lionel Messi is considered the most talented football player in Europe.為主句，________ the record for the most goals in a calendar year在句中作狀語，邏輯主語Lionel Messi與set構(gòu)成主動(dòng)關(guān)系，故先排除A；再根據(jù)句意“萊昂內(nèi)爾梅西，在一個(gè)日歷年度創(chuàng)下了最多的進(jìn)球紀(jì)錄，被認(rèn)為是歐洲最有才華的足球運(yùn)動(dòng)員。”可知，“創(chuàng)紀(jì)錄”在先，“被認(rèn)為是最有才華的球員”在后，故用動(dòng)詞現(xiàn)在分詞的完成式having set最為貼切。 【答案】　D 【xx湖南卷】25．The sun began to rise in the sky，________the mountain in golden light. A．bathed B．bathing C．to have bathed D．having bathed 【解析】　題干的意思是：“太陽開始在天空中升起，這使大山沐浴在了金色的陽光之中?！敝髡Zthe sun和動(dòng)詞bathe“沐浴”之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞短語作狀語，由此可知答案為B。解答這類題目需要理清句中的動(dòng)詞與其邏輯主語之間的關(guān)系，準(zhǔn)確理解句子含義。 【答案】　B 【xx湖南卷】31．________warm at night, I would fill the woodstove, then set my alarm clock for midnight so I could refill it. A．Staying B．Stayed C．To stay D．Stay 【解析】　題干的意思是：“晚上為了取暖，我會(huì)填滿柴爐，然后為鬧鐘定時(shí)以便半夜里能起來再添一次?！备鶕?jù)語境可知此處用動(dòng)詞不定式作目的狀語，故答案為C。為了突出目的，通常把目的狀語置于句首。 【答案】　C 【xx安徽卷】32．________in the early 20th century，the school keeps on inspiring childrens love of art. A．To found B．Founding C．Founded D．Having founded 【解析】　句意：這所學(xué)校創(chuàng)建于20世紀(jì)早期，它一直激勵(lì)著孩子們對(duì)于藝術(shù)的熱愛。the school與found之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用過去分詞。 【答案】　C 【xx四川卷】8．________which university to attend, the girl asked her teacher for advice. A．Not knowing B．Knowing not C．Not known D．Known not 【解析】　題干的意思是：女孩不知道上哪一所大學(xué)，就向老師尋求建議。句子主語the girl和動(dòng)詞know之間是主謂關(guān)系，所以應(yīng)該用動(dòng)詞－ing形式作狀語，而動(dòng)詞－ing形式的否定式是在其前加not，所以選A，從而排除B和表示動(dòng)賓關(guān)系的C和D。 【答案】　A 【xx北京卷】21．Volunteering gives you a chance________lives, including your own. A．change　　　　　　　　B．changing C．changed D．to change 【解析】　題干的意思是：志愿者工作給了你改變生活的機(jī)會(huì)，包括你自己的。a chance to do sth.“做某事的機(jī)會(huì)”。如果用動(dòng)詞的－ing形式作定語，需借助于介詞of，a chance of doing sth.“做某事的機(jī)會(huì)”，所以正確答案為D項(xiàng)。要注意常見的接動(dòng)詞不定式作定語的名詞，如chance，ability，way等。 【答案】　D 【xx天津卷】10．In some languages,100 words make up half of all words ________ in daily conversations. A．using B．to use C．having used D．used 【解析】　句意：“在一些語言中，100個(gè)單詞占了日常對(duì)話所使用的所有單詞的一半?！鳖}干中make up是謂語動(dòng)詞，________in daily conversations作后置定語，修飾words，words與use之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)該用過去分詞used。 【答案】　D 【xx山東卷】25．The room is empty except for a bookshelf ________ in one corner. A．standing B．to stand C．stands D．stood 【解析】　句意：除了一個(gè)立在墻角的書架外，整個(gè)房間是空著的。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)知，主句是“The room is empty.”，except for后接名詞、代詞或動(dòng)名詞形式，它的后面不可能是一個(gè)句子，因此后一個(gè)空不可能填謂語動(dòng)詞，所以排除選項(xiàng)C、D；再根據(jù)a bookshelf與stand構(gòu)成邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，且stand這一動(dòng)作正在發(fā)生著，故選項(xiàng)A符合句意。選項(xiàng)B是不定式，表示動(dòng)作尚未發(fā)生，不符合句意。 【答案】　A 【xx遼寧卷】28．Laura was away in Paris for over a week.When she got home，there was a pile of mail ________ for her. A．waited B．to wait C．waiting D．was waiting 【解析】　句意：勞拉去了巴黎一個(gè)多星期。當(dāng)她到家時(shí)，有一堆郵件正等著她。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空格處用作后置定語修飾mail，因?yàn)閙ail與wait之間為主動(dòng)關(guān)系，且wait的動(dòng)作不是發(fā)生在將來，故不用不定式而用現(xiàn)在分詞結(jié)構(gòu)。D項(xiàng)若改為which/that was waiting也正確，這樣可構(gòu)成定語從句修飾mail，但是作為從句主語的關(guān)系代詞不可省去。 【答案】　C 【xx湖南卷】29．You cannot accept an opinion________to you unless it is based on facts. A．offering B．to offer C．having offered D．offered 【解析】　題干的意思是：“你不可以接受別人提供的觀點(diǎn)，除非它是建立在事實(shí)基礎(chǔ)之上的。”分析句子成分可知，“________to you”是分詞短語作后置定語修飾opinion，又因?yàn)閛pinion和offer之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用過去分詞修飾，由此可知答案為D。解答這類題目需要抓住動(dòng)詞與邏輯主語之間的主被動(dòng)關(guān)系。 【答案】　D 【xx四川卷】10．The airport________next year will help promote tourism in this area. A．being pleted B．to be pleted C．pleted D．having been pleted 【解析】　題干的意思是：明年竣工的飛機(jī)場(chǎng)將有助于促進(jìn)該地旅游業(yè)的發(fā)展。plete與airport之間是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，又由題中的關(guān)鍵信息next year可知此處需用動(dòng)詞不定式的被動(dòng)形式to be pleted，表示將要發(fā)生的被動(dòng)動(dòng)作，所以B項(xiàng)符合題意。A項(xiàng)是現(xiàn)在分詞的被動(dòng)形式，表示正在進(jìn)行的被動(dòng)動(dòng)作；C項(xiàng)是過去分詞，表示已經(jīng)完成的被動(dòng)動(dòng)作；D項(xiàng)是現(xiàn)在分詞完成式的被動(dòng)形式，表示已經(jīng)完成的被動(dòng)動(dòng)作，三項(xiàng)均不合題意。 【答案】　B 【xx陜西卷】14．The witnesses________by the police just now gave very different descriptions of the fight. A．questioned B．being questioned C．to be questioned D．having questioned 【解析】　題干的意思是：“剛才被警察問詢的證人對(duì)打架作出了不同的描述?！痹擃}考查的是非謂語動(dòng)詞作后置定語。那些證人是“被問詢”的，所以要用question的被動(dòng)形式，故可以排除D；由句中的just now和gave very different descriptions不難得知“問詢”這一動(dòng)作發(fā)生過了，所以要用動(dòng)詞的過去分詞作定語；B項(xiàng)表示“正在被問詢”；而C項(xiàng)則表示“將要被問詢”，動(dòng)作還沒發(fā)生；所以B、C兩項(xiàng)均不符合題意。 【答案】　A 【xx陜西卷】13．Let those in need________that we will go all out to help them. A．to understand B．understand C．understanding D．understood 【解析】　題干的意思是：“要讓那些生活困難的人們相信我們會(huì)全力以赴幫助他們的?！北绢}考查let sb.do sth.結(jié)構(gòu)，let是使役動(dòng)詞，其后作賓補(bǔ)的動(dòng)詞不定式要省略to，故該題的正確答案為B。in need生活困難的，作those的后置定語。 【答案】　B 【xx江蘇卷】31．Shortly after suffering from a massive earthquake and ________ to ruins，the city took on a new look. A．reducing B．reduced C．being reduced D．having reduced 【解析】　句意：在遭受大地震，淪為廢墟之后不久，這座城市就呈現(xiàn)出了新的面貌。shortly after在……之后不久，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語。after在此可視為介詞，后接動(dòng)名詞作其賓語。根據(jù)短語reduce the city to ruins(使城市淪為廢墟)可知，邏輯主語the city與reduce構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系，排除A、D兩項(xiàng)；而and連接兩個(gè)并列成分，根據(jù)suffering from a massive earthquake and ________ to ruins中suffering的形式，可確定答案為being reduced。 【答案】　C 【xx福建卷】22．________ basic first－aid techniques will help you respond quickly to emergencies. A．Known B．Having known C．Knowing D．Being known 【解析】　題干的意思是：“懂得基本的急救技能將會(huì)幫助你對(duì)緊急情況快速做出反應(yīng)?！睆木渥拥闹鞲蓙矸治觯簑ill help是謂語，空中所選詞在句中作主語，根據(jù)選項(xiàng)可判斷須用動(dòng)名詞(doing)來作主語，因此可排除A項(xiàng)過去分詞known；此處并沒有完成的意味，因此可以排除B項(xiàng)現(xiàn)在分詞的完成式having known；D項(xiàng)動(dòng)名詞的被動(dòng)形式being known可以作主語，但是在本題中沒有被動(dòng)意義，因此不符合語境。所以動(dòng)名詞形式knowing為最佳選擇。 【答案】　C 【xx浙江卷】7．________ how others react to the book you have just read creates an added pleasure. A．Hearing B．Hear C．Having heard D．To be hearing 【解析】　題干的意思是：“聽到別人對(duì)你剛剛讀過的那本書作出的反應(yīng)能增添快樂。”分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，________...read為句子主語，并且指的是某一事實(shí)情況，要用動(dòng)名詞作主語，所以正確答案為A項(xiàng)。having done形式強(qiáng)調(diào)非謂語動(dòng)詞表示的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語動(dòng)詞表示的動(dòng)作之前，多作狀語。 【答案】　A 【xx重慶卷】34．The engine just wont start. Something seems________wrong with it. A．to go B．to have gone C．going D．having gone 【解析】　句意：這個(gè)引擎發(fā)動(dòng)不了了，好像出毛病了。seem后接to do形式，可首先排除C、D兩項(xiàng)。由于go wrong動(dòng)作發(fā)生在seem之前，所以用動(dòng)詞不定式的完成式(to have done)表示動(dòng)作已經(jīng)發(fā)生。所以答案為B。 【答案】　B 【xx北京卷】29．When we saw the road________with snow, we decided to spend the holiday at home. A．block B．to block C．blocking D．blocked 【解析】　題干的意思是：當(dāng)看到道路被雪堵住的時(shí)候，我們決定在家里度假。分析結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處是“see＋賓語＋賓語補(bǔ)足語”結(jié)構(gòu)；賓補(bǔ)是do形式時(shí)，表示“看見賓語做某事的整個(gè)過程”；賓補(bǔ)是doing形式時(shí)，表示“看見賓語正在做某事”；若賓補(bǔ)與賓語之間為動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，則要用過去分詞作賓補(bǔ)。分析結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處block與賓語the road之間為動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，應(yīng)用blocked作賓補(bǔ)，故正確答案為D項(xiàng)。解此類試題，分析賓語與賓補(bǔ)的邏輯關(guān)系是解題關(guān)鍵。 【答案】　D 【xx新課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷I】22．They might just have a place ________ on the writing course—why dont you give it a try? A．left B．leave C．leaving D．to leave 【解析】　本題考查對(duì)動(dòng)詞形式的選用。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中除了B項(xiàng)是動(dòng)詞原形外，其余三項(xiàng)都是非謂語動(dòng)詞形式。A項(xiàng)left是leave的過去分詞形式，在句中常用作后置定語，意為“剩余的”；C項(xiàng)為現(xiàn)在分詞，表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行；D項(xiàng)是動(dòng)詞不定式，表示將來的意義。句意：他們可能只剩下一個(gè)寫作課的名額了，你為什么不試一試呢？根據(jù)句意可知，A項(xiàng)left符合題意。 【答案】　A 【xx浙江卷】12．A good listener takes part in the conversation，______ideas and raising questions to keep the talk flowing. A．realizing B．copying C．offering D．misunderstanding 【解析】　realize意識(shí)到；copy效仿；offer提出，提供；misunderstand誤解。題干的意思是：“一個(gè)好的傾聽者參與談話時(shí)，要發(fā)表觀點(diǎn)，提出問題，以保持談話順利進(jìn)行?！庇深}干意思可知正確答案為C項(xiàng)。offering ideas and raising questions...為現(xiàn)在分詞短語，作伴隨狀語。 【答案】　C 【xx江西卷】33．Having finished her project, she was invited by the school to the new students. A．speaking B．having spoken C．to speak D．to have spoken 【答案】C 【考點(diǎn)】 考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。 【解析】不定式表目的，又因D選項(xiàng)時(shí)態(tài)錯(cuò)誤，故選C。 【xx江西卷】35．John has really got the job because he showed me the official letter him it. A．offered B．offering C．to offer D．to be offered 【答案】B 【考點(diǎn)】非謂語動(dòng)詞 【解析】此處offer的邏輯主語為空格前名詞letter，根據(jù)句意，兩者語態(tài)為主動(dòng)關(guān)系，且表伴隨，故選B。 【xx湖南卷】31. The lecture, ____ at 7:00 pm last night, was followed by an observation of the moon with telescopes. A. starting B. being started C. to start D. to be started 【答案】A 【考點(diǎn)】本題考查非謂語動(dòng)詞的用法。 【解析】根據(jù)last night可知start已經(jīng)發(fā)生，故排除C、D（不定式常表將來），B（being done）一般表進(jìn)行，也排除。 【xx湖南】23. Time, ____ correctly, is money in the bank. A. to use B. used C. using D. use 【答案】B 【考點(diǎn)】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。 【解析】因?yàn)楸揪湟延兄^語動(dòng)詞is，且沒有連詞或引導(dǎo)詞，故排除謂語形式D；而time與use為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以選B。 【xx湖南】21. Weve had a good start, but next, more work needs ____ to achieve the final success. A. being done B. do C. to be done D. to do 【答案】C 【考點(diǎn)】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。 【解析】因?yàn)閣ork與do為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，而need后表被動(dòng)用-ing的主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)含義，或用不定式的被動(dòng)形式，故選C。 【xx重慶卷】31. Before you quit your job, ______how your family would feel about your decision. A. consider B. considering C. to consider D. considered 【答案】A 【考點(diǎn)】祈使句用法 【解析】結(jié)合選項(xiàng)來分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，逗號(hào)前為時(shí)間狀語從句，后面實(shí)際上是一個(gè)祈使句。由此可知，A選項(xiàng)符合題意。因此，正確答案為A選項(xiàng)。 【xx重慶卷】28. We’re having a meeting in half an hour. The decision ______ at the meeting will influence the future of our pany. A. to be made B. being made C. made D. having been made 【答案】 A 【考點(diǎn)】非謂語動(dòng)詞 【解析】分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空白處為后置定語，與被修飾的名詞是邏輯上的被動(dòng)關(guān)系，而且是將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。由此可知，表示被動(dòng)和將來的A選項(xiàng)符合題意。B表示被動(dòng)進(jìn)行，C表示被動(dòng)完成，D表示被動(dòng)完成，但是不作定語。因此，正確答案為A選項(xiàng)。 【xx重慶卷】23.______to work overtime that evening, I missed a wonderful film. A. Having been asked B. To ask C. Having asked D. To be asked 【答案】A 【考點(diǎn)】非謂語動(dòng)詞用法 【解析】逗號(hào)前為原因狀語，空白處與句子的主語為邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，由此可排除表示主動(dòng)關(guān)系的B和C選項(xiàng)，D選項(xiàng)常作目的和結(jié)果狀語，不作原因狀語，也可排除，而A選項(xiàng)為現(xiàn)在分詞完成式的被動(dòng)形式，可作時(shí)間狀語、原因狀語、結(jié)果狀語、伴隨狀語等。因此，正確答案為A選項(xiàng)。 【xx遼寧卷】29. This machine is very easy . Anybody can learn to use it in a few minutes. A. operating B. to be operating C. operated D. to operate 【答案】D 【考點(diǎn)】非謂語動(dòng)詞 【解析】在句型“主語+be+adj.+to do”中，如果這個(gè)主語是動(dòng)詞do的邏輯賓語，故用主動(dòng)表被動(dòng)，所以選D。 【xx遼寧卷】25. The old couple often take a walk after supper in the park with their pet dog them. A. to follow B. following C. followed D. follows 【答案】B 【考點(diǎn)】非謂語動(dòng)詞 【解析】with的賓語后面可加形容詞、副詞、分詞、不定式、名詞等作賓補(bǔ)，這兒pet dog與follow構(gòu)成主謂關(guān)系，所以用following。 【xx四川卷】6. Tom took a taxi to the airport, only _____ his plane high up in the sky. A. finding B. to find C. being found D. to have found 【答案】 B 【考點(diǎn)】本題考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。 【解析】句意：湯姆乘的士趕到機(jī)場(chǎng)，結(jié)果只發(fā)現(xiàn)他要乘坐的飛機(jī)已經(jīng)飛入高空了。此處only后接動(dòng)詞不定式to do表示意想不到的結(jié)果。 【xx四川卷】8. I looked up and noticed a snake ______ its way up the tree to catch its breakfast. A. to wind B. wind C. winding D. wound 【答案】 C 【考點(diǎn)】此題考查現(xiàn)在分詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語。 【解析】winding its way與賓語snake之間為主動(dòng)關(guān)系且此動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行，故選C。 【xx四川卷】12. Before driving into the city, you are required to get your car ____. A. washed B. wash C. washing D. to wash 【答案】 A 【考點(diǎn)】考查過去分詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語。 【解析】此題中使役動(dòng)詞get后接的賓語car與作賓語補(bǔ)足語的動(dòng)詞wash之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，構(gòu)成短語：get sth. done。故答案選A。句意為：在驅(qū)車進(jìn)城之前，你必須將你的車洗了。 【xx四川卷】16. I make $ 2,000 a week, 60 surely won’t make ______ difference to me. A. that a big B. a that big C. big a that D. that big a 【答案】 D 【考點(diǎn)】本題考查副詞用法。 【解析】副詞that表示“那么…”修飾形容詞的固定短語為：that + adj. （+ a/ an + n.），相當(dāng)于so及how的用法，即that(so/ how) big a difference — 那么（如此/多么）大的一個(gè)分別（影響）。故選D。 【xx陜西卷】15.________ in a long queue, we waited for the store to open to buy a New iPad . A. Standing B. To stand C. Stood D. Stand 【答案】A 【考點(diǎn)】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。 【解析】非謂語動(dòng)詞短語后有逗號(hào)，說明非謂語動(dòng)詞做題干的狀語，邏輯主語是句子的主語we，非謂語動(dòng)詞與邏輯主語是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，且其動(dòng)作與謂語動(dòng)詞wait的動(dòng)作同時(shí)進(jìn)行，用動(dòng)詞v-ing的一般式，選A。 【xx陜西卷】22.If he takes on this work, he will have no choice but ______ an even greater challenge. A. meets B. meeting C. meet D. to meet 【答案】D 【考點(diǎn)】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。 【解析】所填詞與前文構(gòu)成固定句型have no choice but to do sth，故選D。 【xx北京卷】23. One learns a language by making mistakes and ______ them. A. corrects B. correct C.to correct D. correcting 【答案】 D 【考點(diǎn)】考查并列結(jié)構(gòu)。 【解析】并列結(jié)構(gòu)，making與correcting并列。 【xx北京卷】27. _______ with care, one tin will last for six weeks. A. Use B. Using C. Used D. To use 【答案】 C 【考點(diǎn)】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。 【解析】此處tin和use是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用過去分詞形式。 【xx全國(guó)II】15. The old man sat in front of the television every evening, happy _____ anything that happened to be on. A. to watch B. watching C. watched D. to have watched 【答案】A 【考點(diǎn)】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞的用法。 【解析】此處happy to watch anything that happened to be on作sat的目的狀語。句意：那位老人每天晚上坐在電視機(jī)前，高興地看要上演的任何節(jié)目。 【xx全國(guó)II】10. Tony lent me the money, ______that I’d do as much for him. A. hoping B. to hope C. hoped D. having hoped 【答案】A 【考點(diǎn)】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞的用法。 【解析】此處現(xiàn)在分詞短語hoping that I’d do as much for him作伴隨狀語。句意：Tony借給我了錢，希望我加倍還他。 【xx北京卷】32. Birds’ singing is sometimes a warning to other birds ________ away. A. to stay B. staying C. stayed D. stay 【答案】A 【考點(diǎn)】非謂語考點(diǎn)，目的狀語用不定式。 【xx天津卷】He got up late and hurried to his office, _________the breakfast untouched.【C】 A. left B. to leave C. leaving D. having left 【xx全國(guó)新課程】32. Film has a much shorter history, especially when_ such art forms as music and painting. A. having pared to B. paring to C. pare to D. pared to 【考點(diǎn)】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞的用法。 【答案】D 【解析】此處是被省略的時(shí)間狀語從句，其相當(dāng)于：when film is pared to such art forms as music and painting. 這里film和pare之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用過去分詞。又因?yàn)橹髡Z一致，所以film被省略。句意：電影的歷史短的多，尤其是當(dāng)它和像音樂和繪畫這樣的藝術(shù)形式相比時(shí)。 【xx全國(guó)新課程】28. The party will be held in the garden, weather . A. permitting B. to permit C. permitted D. permit 【答案】A 【解析】此處主句的主語party 和weather不一致，所以weather保留，作permitting的邏輯主語，構(gòu)成獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。另外，weather與permit之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞。 句意：如果天氣允許，聚會(huì)將在花園舉行。 【考點(diǎn)】考查現(xiàn)在分詞的獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。 【xx山東卷】35. After pleting and signing it, please return the form to us in the envelope ________. A. providing B. provided C. having provided D. provide 【答案】B 【解析】此處動(dòng)詞provide與其邏輯主語envelope之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，在句中作定語，相當(dāng)于which is provided。句意為：完成并簽名后，請(qǐng)把表格放入我們提供的信封內(nèi)送回。 【考點(diǎn)】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞的用法。 【xx山東卷】26. George returned after the war, only _______ that his wife had left him. A. to be told B. telling C. being told D. told 【答案】A 【解析】此處only to do/be done表示意料之外的結(jié)果；現(xiàn)在分詞作結(jié)果狀語則表示自然的結(jié)果。這里George和tell之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，因此用to be told。句意：?jiǎn)讨螒?zhàn)爭(zhēng)后回到家，結(jié)果被告知妻子已經(jīng)離開了。 【考點(diǎn)】考查不定式短語作結(jié)果狀語。 【xx福建卷】28. China recently tightened its waters controls near the Huangyan Island to prevent Chinese fishing boats from in the South China Sea. A. attacking B. having attacked C. being attacked D. having been attacked 【答案】C 【解析】prevent sb from doing sth“阻止某人做某事”，本句中的fishing boats和attack是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以選擇C項(xiàng)，句意：中國(guó)最近加緊黃巖島的水域控制來阻止中國(guó)漁船在中國(guó)南海被襲擊。 【xx福建卷】34. Pressed from his parents, and ______that he has wasted too much time , the boy is determined to stop playing video games. A. realizing B. realized C. to realize D. being realized 【考點(diǎn)】本題考查非謂語動(dòng)詞的用法。 【答案】A 【解析】首先要弄清楚本句中的and連接的成分是非謂語動(dòng)詞做狀語，主語與press是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，但是與realize是主動(dòng)，“被父母迫使同時(shí)自己也意識(shí)到他已經(jīng)浪費(fèi)了太多時(shí)間，這個(gè)男孩決定停止玩電腦游戲。本題考查非謂語動(dòng)詞的難度挺大，主要是很多學(xué)生看到pressed后就不知道realize在句中做什么成分，所以本題關(guān)鍵有兩個(gè)，一個(gè)是and并列的成分是什么，然后就是realize與主語the boy的關(guān)系。 【xx浙江卷】11. "Its a such nice place," Mother said as she sat at the table______ for customs. A. to be reserved B. Living reserved C. reserving D. reserved 【考點(diǎn)】非謂語—過去分詞 【答案】D 【解析】reserve和謂語動(dòng)詞sat之間沒有連詞，故用非謂語，且和其邏輯主語the table邏輯上構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用過去分詞表示被動(dòng)、完成的概念，在句子中做后置定語。 【xx浙江卷】8.I think Tom, as the head of a big department, should cither study regularly or______ his job. A. quits B. to quit C. quitting D. quit 【考點(diǎn)】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞在并列結(jié)構(gòu)中的用法。 【答案】D 【解析】 either…or+并列結(jié)構(gòu)，前后形式上保持一致，由此與study相呼應(yīng)，故答案選D，用動(dòng)詞原形。 【xx浙江卷】3.No matter how bright a talker you are, there are times when its better silent. A. remain B. be remaining C. having remained D. to remain 【考點(diǎn)】考查非謂語—不定式。 【答案】D 【解析】it做形式主語，真正的主語是后面的不定式：to remain silent。可歸結(jié)為句型：it is +形容詞/名詞+to do/that…。當(dāng)然it也可以做形式賓語，如find/feel it +to do/that….。 【xx江蘇卷】31. an important decision more on emotion than on reason, you will regret it sooner or later. A. Based B. Basing C. Base D. To base 【考點(diǎn)】非謂語動(dòng)詞—?jiǎng)釉~現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語。 【答案】B 【解析】動(dòng)詞base與邏輯主語you之間構(gòu)成主謂關(guān)系，所以用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語，故選B項(xiàng)。 【xx安徽卷】30. When for his views about his teaching job, Philip said he found it very interesting and rewarding. A. asking B. asked C. having asked D. to be asked 【答案】B 【考點(diǎn)】本題考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。 【解析】此處邏輯主語是Philip, 還原句子 When Philip was asked for his views about his teaching job, Philip said he found it very interesting and rewarding。 【xx安徽卷】24. I remembered the door before I left the office, but forgot to turn off the lights. A. locking B. to lock C. having locked D. to have locked 【答案】B 【考點(diǎn)】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。 【解析】此處remember后面既可以接不定式，也可以接動(dòng)名詞，如果選擇A，這與后面的before I left the office是相矛盾的，只能選擇答案B。 C 和D 都是完成時(shí)，他們表示比主句動(dòng)詞發(fā)生的時(shí)間更早，沒有必要。 【2011全國(guó)卷,27】The next thing he saw was smoke from behind the house. A.rose B.rising C. to rise D.risen 【答案】B 【考點(diǎn)】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞作狀語的用法。 【解析】句意為“接下來我們看到的是煙霧從房子的后面冒出來。”rise升起來和see看到這兩個(gè)動(dòng)作是同時(shí)發(fā)生的，因此選擇現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行的形式表示非謂語動(dòng)詞動(dòng)作和謂語動(dòng)詞動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生。選B。 【2011全國(guó)卷II,15】The island, to the mainland by a bridge, is easy to go to. A. joining B. to join C. joined D. having joined 【答案】C 【考點(diǎn)】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。 【解析】句意為“因?yàn)橛幸蛔鶚蚺c大陸連接，那個(gè)島嶼很容易去?！眏oin是及物動(dòng)詞，但空格后沒有賓語，故使用join的過去分詞形式，充當(dāng)表示狀態(tài)或性質(zhì)的形容詞用，選項(xiàng)A、B、D都是主動(dòng)式，需要后接賓語，因此排除。 【2011全國(guó)卷II,18】Sarah pretended to be cheerful, nothing about the argument. A. says B. said C. to say D. saying 【答案】D 【考點(diǎn)】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。 【解析】句意為“Sarah假裝開心，對(duì)那次爭(zhēng)論什么也沒說?！盇和B項(xiàng)是謂語動(dòng)詞形式，句中沒有連詞，故排除；C項(xiàng)是作目的狀語，而句中是伴隨狀態(tài)，故選D。 【2011北京卷,25】It’s important for the figures regularly. A. to be updated B. to have been updated C. to update D. to have updated 【答案】A 【考點(diǎn)】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。 【解析】句意為“經(jīng)常更新這些數(shù)值很重要?！盉和D項(xiàng)表示發(fā)生過的某件具體的事，但句尾的regularly表示經(jīng)常發(fā)生的事，故用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。for引出的邏輯主語the figures與update存在著被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故選A。 【2011北京卷,33】Sit down, Emma. You will only make yourself more tired, on your feet. A. to keep B. keeping C. having kept D. to have kept 【答案】B 【考點(diǎn)】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。 【解析】句意為“Emma，你坐下吧。老這么站著你會(huì)累的?！盇項(xiàng)to keep是表示將來。C項(xiàng)having kept和D項(xiàng)to have kept表示動(dòng)作先發(fā)生。make yourself more tired與keeping on your feet同時(shí)進(jìn)行，故選B。 【2011天津卷,7】Passeagers are permitted only one piece of hand luggage onto the plane. A.to carry B. carrying C. to be carried D. being carried 【答案】A 【考點(diǎn)】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。 【解析】句意為“旅客只可以隨身攜帶一件行李登機(jī)?！眕ermit sb. to do sth.允許某人做某事，句中是被動(dòng)語態(tài)，passeagers是carry的邏輯主語，用主動(dòng)式，故選A。 【2011天津卷,12】 into English, the sentence was found to have an entirely different word order. A. Translating B. Translated C. To translate D. Having translated 【答案】B 【考點(diǎn)】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。 【解析】句意:翻譯成英語后，發(fā)現(xiàn)這個(gè)句子的詞序全變了。the sentence與translate之間存在著被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用過去分詞，答案B。 【2011上海春招,34】Mike found his missing car in the street outside his house, newly cleaned and polished. A. looked B. to look C. looking D. to be looking 【答案】C 【考點(diǎn)】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。 【解析】句意為“Mike在他屋子外的大街上發(fā)現(xiàn)了他丟失的汽車，看上去剛擦得干干凈凈，還打過臘。”A項(xiàng)looked是謂語形式，但句中沒有連詞；B項(xiàng)不定式to look和D項(xiàng)to be looking如果都表結(jié)果，那只能由Mike執(zhí)行這個(gè)動(dòng)作，與題意不符；C項(xiàng)looking表明車子的特性，作伴隨狀語，故選C。 【2011上海春招,36】 in 1955, Disneyland in California is regarded by many as the original fun park. A. Opened B. Having opened C. Opening D. Being opened 【答案】A 【考點(diǎn)】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。 【解析】句意：很多人認(rèn)為1955年開業(yè)的加利福尼亞迪斯尼樂園非常有趣。open開業(yè)，與Disneyland之間存在著被動(dòng)關(guān)系；D項(xiàng)being opened表正在進(jìn)行，但開業(yè)的事實(shí)已經(jīng)發(fā)生，故選A。 【2011上海春招,40】Harrison Ford is thought to be one of the few movie stars as a carpen