2019高考英語 重難增分篇 第二講 非謂語動(dòng)詞講與練 新人教版.doc

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第二講　非謂語動(dòng)詞 第一課時(shí)　知識(shí)過關(guān)課 復(fù)習(xí)非謂語動(dòng)詞還需掌握以下幾點(diǎn)： 1.句法作用(除謂語外的其他成分) 2.時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)(以do為例) 不定式 －ing形式 過去分詞 主動(dòng) 一般式 to do doing done是唯一形式 進(jìn)行時(shí) to be doing 完成時(shí) to have done having done 被動(dòng) 一般式 to be done being done 完成式 to have been done having been done 時(shí)態(tài)與語態(tài)的判斷方法： 3.非謂語動(dòng)詞的邏輯主語 充當(dāng)句子成分 賓語和表語 狀語 定語 賓補(bǔ) 邏輯主語 句子的主語 所修飾的詞 句子的賓語 4.有特殊要求的動(dòng)詞或動(dòng)詞短語 (1)有的動(dòng)詞后只能用不定式而不能接動(dòng)名詞作賓語。如ask，demand(要求)，plan，intend，mean(計(jì)劃)，manage，do/try one’s best，make an attempt，learn(學(xué)習(xí))，wish，hope，desire，expect，long，want，would like，should like，would prefer(希望、愿意)，agree，promise(同意)，decide，determine，choose，make a decision，make up one’s mind(決定)，offer(主動(dòng)提出)，apply(申請(qǐng))，help(幫助)，fail(不能、沒有)，prepare(準(zhǔn)備)，pretend(假裝)，refuse(拒絕)，happen(碰巧)，afford(負(fù)擔(dān)得起)等。 (2)有的動(dòng)詞或動(dòng)詞短語后只能用動(dòng)名詞而不能接不定式。如allow，permit(允許)，consider(考慮)，suggest，advise(建議)，keep(on)(反復(fù)；不停)，finish(完成)，imagine(想象)，practise(練習(xí))，understand(明白)，appreciate，enjoy(喜歡)，miss(錯(cuò)過；懷念)，prevent(阻止)，forbid(禁止)，escape(避免)，include(包括)，forgive，pardon，excuse(原諒)，dislike(厭惡)，discuss(討論)，report(報(bào)道)，admit(承認(rèn))，mind(介意)，risk(冒險(xiǎn))，can’t stand(不能忍受)，burst out(突然開始)，feel like(想要)，insist on(堅(jiān)持)，delay(推遲，延誤)，put off(推遲)，give up(放棄)，be busy(忙于)，be worth(值得)等。 (3)下列動(dòng)詞和短語動(dòng)詞后接不定式和接動(dòng)名詞意義不同：remember to do(記住去做)，remember doing(記得做過)；forget to do(忘記去做)，forget doing(忘記做過)；regret to do(遺憾地做)，regret doing(后悔做了)；try to do(設(shè)法做)，try doing(試做)；go on to do(接著做另一事)，go on doing(繼續(xù)做同一事)；mean to do(打算做)，mean doing(意味著)；stop to do(停下來去做)，stop doing(停止做)；can’t help to do(不能幫助做)，can’t help doing(情不自禁做)。 (4)在介詞后一般用動(dòng)名詞，下面是一些含介詞的固定句式(其中有的介詞有時(shí)會(huì)被省略)：prevent/stop/keep...from doing(阻止……做……)；spend/waste time or money in doing(在做……方面花費(fèi)/浪費(fèi)時(shí)間或金錢)；How/What about doing sth(做……怎么樣？)；have some difficulty/trouble in doing(在做……方面有些困難)；have a hard time in doing sth(做某事很艱難)；there is no sense in doing(做……是沒有理由/道理的)；thank/excuse/admire/praise/blame/scold/punish sb for doing sth(因做某事而感謝/原諒/羨慕/表揚(yáng)/責(zé)備/責(zé)罵/懲罰某人)等。 (5)to是介詞的固定詞組很多，常見的有：look forward to(盼望)，devote...to/be devoted to(致力于)，be/get used to(習(xí)慣)，lead to(導(dǎo)致)，get down to(開始認(rèn)真)，pay attention to(注意)，refer to(談到)，point to(指向)，turn to(轉(zhuǎn)向)，object to(反對(duì))，be equal to(等于，能勝任)，belong to(屬于)等。 (6)在表示“需要”的need，want，require等后用v.－ing的主動(dòng)式表示被動(dòng)含義，此時(shí)也可用不定式的被動(dòng)式。 (7)在make，let，have(使，讓)等使役動(dòng)詞后作賓補(bǔ)的不定式要省略不定式符號(hào)to，但在被動(dòng)語態(tài)后作主補(bǔ)時(shí)要加上to。在hear，see，watch等感官動(dòng)詞后，作賓補(bǔ)時(shí)，用原形表示動(dòng)作全過程；用現(xiàn)在分詞表示當(dāng)時(shí)動(dòng)作正在發(fā)生；若是被動(dòng)語態(tài)，原形前要加上to。 此外，表示情感的動(dòng)詞，其分詞作形容詞用時(shí)，v.－ing表示“令人……的”事物；v.－ed表示“感到……的”。如：surprising令人吃驚的(事物)；surprised(人)感到吃驚的。 讀語篇，悟語法。反復(fù)朗讀下列短文，留意領(lǐng)悟黑體畫線的非謂語動(dòng)詞。思考：是哪類非謂語動(dòng)詞，在句中作什么成分。 Good afternoon，Ladies and gentlemen.It is a great honor for me to__introduce[1] this English speech contest.As we all know，to__master[2] a foreign language is very important for us.Taking__part[3] in English speech is a helpful way to__learn__English[4].Everyone wants to__show [5] their best.When we have been preparing for it，we can improve our listening__and__speaking[6] ability，developing[7] a good habit of learning__English[8]. In the process of the petition，you should pay attention to the rules made__by__us[9].First，you should make your voice heard[10] clearly by everyone，so reading__aloud[11] is very necessary.Second，you should try your best to__express[12] yourself in English fluently.Finally，you should finish your speech in five minutes. I am sure the English speech petition will be a great success and the audience will feel satisfied[13] with our performance.Thank you! 1.to introduce this English speech contest是不定式作真正的主語，it是形式主語。 2.to master a foreign language也是不定式作主語。 3.Taking part in English speech是動(dòng)名詞短語作主語。 4.to learn English是不定式作定語，修飾way。 5.to show their best是不定式作賓語，在want，hope，decide等動(dòng)詞后，若用動(dòng)詞作賓語，只能用不定式。 6.listening and speaking是動(dòng)名詞作定語，修飾ability，表示類別。 7.developing a good habit of learning English是現(xiàn)在分詞短語作狀語。 8.learning English是動(dòng)名詞短語作介詞of的賓語。 9.made by us是過去分詞短語作后置定語。 10.heard clearly by everyone是過去分詞短語作賓補(bǔ)。 11.reading aloud是動(dòng)名詞短語作主語。 12.to express yourself in English fluently是不定式作目的狀語。 13.satisfied是過去分詞作形容詞，在句中作表語，意為“感到滿意的”。 Ⅰ.單句填空(用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空) 1.Mary will never forget the first time she saw him.He suddenly appeared in class one day，wearing(wear)sunglasses. 2.I noticed a man sitting(sit)at the front. 3.He spat it out，saying(say) it was awful. 4.She wished that he was as easy to__please(please) as her mother，who was always delighted with perfume. 5.For example，the proverb，“plucking up a crop to__help(help) it grow”，is based on the following story. 6.Simon made a big bamboo box to__keep(keep) the little sick bird till it could fly. 7.His first book to__be__published(publish) next month is based on a true story. 8.Lydia doesn’t feel like studying(study) abroad.Her parents are old. 9.Sarah pretended to be cheerful，saying(say) nothing about the argument. 10.I had great difficulty finding(find) the suitable food on the menu in that restaurant. 11.It rained heavily in the south，causing(cause) serious flooding in several provinces. 12.The traffic rule says young children under the age of four and weighing(weigh) less than 40 pounds must be in a child safety seat. 13.I can’t stand working(work) with Jane in the same office.She just refuses to__stop(stop) talking while she works. 14.As a result of the serious flood，two－thirds of the buildings in the area need repairing/to__be__repaired(repair). 15.Isn’t it time you got down to marking(mark) the papers? 16.Mr.Reed made up his mind to devote all he had to setting(set) up some schools for poor children. 17.Tsinghua University，founded(found) in 1911，is home to a great number of outstanding figures. 18.Li Jian put up a picture of Yao Ming beside the bed to keep himself reminded(remind) of his own dreams. 19.Offered(offer) an important role in a new movie，Andy had got a chance to bee famous. 20.Claire had her luggage checked(check) an hour before her plane left. 21.Alexander tried to get his work recognized(recognize) in the medical circles. 22.A great number of students questioned(question) said they were forced to practise the piano. Ⅱ.單句改錯(cuò)(下列每句中最多有兩處錯(cuò)誤，每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改，請(qǐng)指出并改正。) 動(dòng)詞不定式 1.He managed escape from the fire.在manage后加to 2.Nothing will make me to change my mind.去掉to 3.Mary doesn’t have to be made learn because she always works hard.在be__made后加to 4.He hurried to the train station，only find the train had gone.在find前加to 5.Tired from work，he wants to do nothing but to watch TV.去掉watch前的to 6.At present，I have no choice but wait.在but后加to 7.You feel stressed out.Why not having a chat with our teachers？having→have 8.I don’t think it possible to mastering a foreign language without much memory work.mastering→master 9.I’ve worked with children before，so I know what expect in my new job.在expect前加to 10.All of you can have another try if you want.在want后加to 動(dòng)詞－ing形式 11.In our city，there are a lot of restaurants that serving western food.去掉that/serving→serve 12.You can’t imagine how excited it is to listen to top scientists share their prediction on what the world will be like in a century.excited→exciting 13.Sit beside me，my beloved daughter gave me a vivid description of what she experienced in her dream.Sit→Sitting 14.We were kept to waiting for quite a long time before the host turned up.去掉waiting前的to 15.On the Dragon Boat Festival，we saw the seashore crowded with people watched the dragon boat race.watched→watching 16.It is no good copy the answer without trying to understand it.copy→copying 17.Missing the train mean waiting for another hour.mean→means 18.The majority of the people questioned in an online survey are opposed to increase retirement age.increase→increasing 19.As a senior 3 student preparing for the ing test，he spends most of his time improve this problem－solving ability.improve→improving 20.It is reported that the hurricane caused great damage to the constructions of the town，with tens of hundreds of houses destroyed by the fallen trees.fallen→falling 動(dòng)詞－ed形式 21.Now when people refer to England you find Wales including as well.including→included 22.Exhausting，I slid into bed and fell fast asleep.Exhausting→Exhausted 23.The paintings being stolen from the museum haven’t been found.去掉stolen前的being 24.The murderer was brought in, with his hands tying behind.tying→tied 25.Mr.Smith，tired of the bored speech，started to read a novel.bored→boring 26.Seeing from the space，the earth looks blue.Seeing→Seen 27.The architects inviting by the king thought highly of the bridge built，and gave more suggestions before it was finished.inviting→invited；在built前加being 28.Keep in refrigerator，these vegetables will remain fresh.Keep→Kept 29.Do you think the workers can get the job finishing on time？finishing→finished 30.We hear it say frequently that what now people most desire is security.say→said Ⅲ.語篇填空(用所給動(dòng)詞的正確形式填空) 1.________(fall) in love with a beautiful lady，a lion went to her parents and asked them 2.________(marry) her to him.The old parents did not know what to say. Not 3.________(hope) to give their daughter to the lion，they did not want 4.________(anger) the king of beasts. At last the father said，“We are glad 5.________(marry) our daughter to you，but we fear that you might possibly hurt her.So 6.________(remove) your claws and teeth，you can marry her.” 7.________(love) the lady very much，the lion trimmed(修剪) his claws and took out his big teeth.8.________(e) to the parents again，he was simply laughed in his face.9.________(beat) out of the house，the lion felt 10.________(depress) and died soon. 【語篇導(dǎo)讀】　這是一則有深刻意義的寓言故事。寓意：有些人輕易相信別人的話，拋棄自己的長(zhǎng)處，結(jié)果輕而易舉地被原來害怕自己的人擊敗了。 1.Falling　[a lion與fall是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，用v.－ing形式作狀語，表示原因。] 2.to marry　[ask sb to do sth，不定式作賓補(bǔ)。] 3.hoping　[they與hope是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，用v.－ing形式作狀語，表示讓步，相當(dāng)于Although they didn’t hope to...] 4.to anger　[want后只能用不定式作賓語，意為“不想激怒百獸之王”。] 5.to marry　[在作表語的形容詞glad后作狀語，表示原因，只能用不定式。] 6.removing　[you與remove是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，用v.－ing形式作狀語，表示條件，相當(dāng)于if you remove...。] 7.Loving　[the lion與love是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，用v.－ing形式作狀語，表示原因。] 8.ing　[he與e是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，用v.－ing形式作伴隨狀語。] 9.Beaten　[the lion與beat是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，用v.－ed形式作狀語，表示原因。] 10.depressed　[表示獅子“感到沮喪的”，用v.－ed形式作表語。] 第二課時(shí)　高考研究課 非謂語動(dòng)詞在語法填空中的考查點(diǎn) 規(guī)律方法 “4步法”輕松搞定語法填空 ?第一步：利用“有無連詞”原則確定是謂語還是非謂語 分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，判斷出句子的主干——主語和謂語。如果題線處作謂語，則要用謂語動(dòng)詞；如果題線處不作謂語，則要用非謂語動(dòng)詞。 ?第二步：根據(jù)句意和作用確定句子成分 根據(jù)句意和題線處在句子中的位置和作用，確定其所充當(dāng)?shù)木渥映煞?，從而確定空格內(nèi)所需填入的非謂語動(dòng)詞的形式。 ?第三步：根據(jù)與邏輯主語的關(guān)系確定語態(tài) 如果非謂語動(dòng)詞表示的動(dòng)作與其邏輯主語之間為主謂關(guān)系，則用v.－ing形式或不定式的主動(dòng)式；若為動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，則用v.－ing形式的被動(dòng)式、不定式的被動(dòng)式或過去分詞。 ?第四步：根據(jù)與謂語動(dòng)詞的先后關(guān)系確定時(shí)態(tài) 非謂語動(dòng)詞表示的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語動(dòng)詞表示的動(dòng)作之前用過去分詞或不定式的完成式；如果非謂語動(dòng)詞表示的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語動(dòng)詞表示的動(dòng)作之后用不定式或v.－ing形式的一般式。 真題驗(yàn)證1 1.This included digging up the road，________(lay) the track and then building a strong roof over the top.(2017全國(guó)卷Ⅱ) 答案　laying　[laying和句中的digging up, building并列，作include的賓語。] 2.Fat and salt are very important parts of a diet.They are required ________(process) the food that we eat, to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions.(2017全國(guó)卷Ⅰ) 答案　to process　[require sb to do sth要求某人做某事。] 3.Fast food is full of fat and salt; by ________(eat) more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet.(2017全國(guó)卷Ⅰ) 答案　eating　[by在此處表示“通過”，是介詞，后接動(dòng)詞－ing形式作賓語。] 4.But unlike her school friends，16－year－old Sarah is not spending half－term ________(rest).Instead, she is earning ￡6，500 a day as a model in New York.(2017全國(guó)卷Ⅲ) 答案　resting　[spend time (in) doing花費(fèi)時(shí)間做某事，為固定句型。] 5.But Sarah, who has taken part in shows along with top models, wants ________(prove)that she has brains as well as beauty.(2017全國(guó)卷Ⅲ) 答案　to prove　[根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處應(yīng)該使用不定式作動(dòng)詞want的賓語。] 6.Sixteen years earlier, Pahlsson had removed the diamond ring ________(cook)a meal.(2017浙江卷) 答案　to cook　[根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，本句已有謂語動(dòng)詞remove，故此處用不定式作目的狀語。] 7.My ambassadorial duties will include ________(introduce) British visitors to the 120－plus pandas at Chengdu and others at a research centre in the misty mountains of Bifengxia.(2016全國(guó)卷Ⅰ) 答案　introducing　[動(dòng)名詞introducing作include的賓語。] 8.If you find something you love doing outside of the office, you’ll be less likely ________(bring) your work home.(2016全國(guó)卷Ⅱ) 答案　to bring　[be likely to do...有可能做……，為固定句型。] 9.In addition to their simple beauty, what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their ability to “air condition” a house without ________(use) electric equipment.(2015全國(guó)卷Ⅱ) 答案　using　[介詞后常常用動(dòng)名詞形式作賓語。] 10.When a new day breaks, the walls have given up their heat and are now cold enough ________(cool) the house during the hot day.(2015全國(guó)卷Ⅱ) 答案　to cool　[be＋adj.＋enough to do足夠……可以做，為固定句型。] 11.Abercrombie & Kent, a travel pany in Hong Kong, says it regularly arranges quick getaways here for people ________(live) in Shanghai and Hong Kong.(2015全國(guó)卷Ⅰ) 答案　living　[live和people之間為主動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞。] 12.Yangshuo is really beautiful.A study of travelers ________(conduct) by the website TripAdvisor names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in the world.(2015全國(guó)卷Ⅰ) 答案　conducted　[conduct與其所修飾的名稱study構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用過去分詞作后置定語。] 非謂語動(dòng)詞在短文改錯(cuò)中的考查點(diǎn) 規(guī)律方法 1.正確分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)。如果句中已有謂語動(dòng)詞，那么另外一個(gè)動(dòng)詞在無連詞的情況下要改為非謂語動(dòng)詞。 2.根據(jù)非謂語動(dòng)詞在句中所作成分、句式的特殊要求，判斷非謂語動(dòng)詞的形式。 3.確定非謂語動(dòng)詞與其邏輯主語之間是主謂關(guān)系還是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系。 4.牢記一些常用搭配。 5.介詞后常常使用動(dòng)名詞作賓語。 真題驗(yàn)證2 1.I showed them I was independent by wear strange clothes.(2016全國(guó)卷Ⅲ)________ 答案　wear→wearing　[介詞后應(yīng)使用動(dòng)名詞作賓語。] 2.After looks at the toy for some time，he turned around and found his parents were missing.(2015全國(guó)卷Ⅱ)________ 答案　looks→looking　[介詞后應(yīng)使用動(dòng)名詞作賓語。] 3.We’ve been spending a lot of time sing in karaoke bars.(2015四川卷)________ 答案　sing→singing　[spend time (in) doing...為固定句型。] 4.I enjoyed sit close to the windows and looking at the view.(2015浙江卷)________ 答案　sit→sitting　[enjoy后常常接動(dòng)名詞作賓語。] 5.One evening at sunset, we sat by the fire, have our barbecue.(陜西卷)________ 答案　have→having　[句中謂語動(dòng)詞為sat，且句中無連詞，故have應(yīng)該改為現(xiàn)在分詞短語作伴隨狀語。] 6.Have tea in the late afternoon provides a bridge between lunch and dinner, which might not be served until 8 o’clock at night.(全國(guó)卷Ⅱ)________ 答案　Have→Having　[謂語動(dòng)詞為provides，根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，其前應(yīng)該為主語，故用動(dòng)名詞having作主語。] 第三課時(shí)　寫作增分課 非謂語動(dòng)詞在寫作中的增分點(diǎn) 一、用不定式或動(dòng)名詞作主語寫句子 1.如果你想上一個(gè)好的大學(xué)，學(xué)好英語是一件必須做的事情。(be admitted to a key college, learn English well, a must) Learning__English__well__is__a__must__if__you__want__to__be__admitted__to__a_key__college.(也可用To learn。用Learning時(shí)句子表達(dá)的是一般常識(shí)；用To learn, you指的是具體的一個(gè)人) 2.經(jīng)常鍛煉身體不僅對(duì)我們的健康有好處，還可以使我們學(xué)習(xí)更高效。(take exercise regularly, do a lot of good to, learn more effectively) Taking__exercise__regularly__will__do__a__lot__of__good__to__our__health,__which__can__also__help__us__learn__more__effectively. 3.現(xiàn)在輟學(xué)不是個(gè)好主意，你以后會(huì)后悔的。(drop out of school, regret) To__drop__out__of__school__now__is__not__a__good__idea,__for__which__you__will__regret__in__the__future. 二、用非謂語動(dòng)詞作表語寫句子 1.我的愛好是聽音樂和踢足球。(hobby) My__hobbies__are__listening__to__music__and__playing__football. 2.我的職責(zé)是照看所有這些花。(duty, take care of) My__duty__is__taking__care__of__all__these__flowers. 3.我的夢(mèng)想是上重點(diǎn)大學(xué)。(dream, go to a key college) My__dream__is__to__go__to__a__key__college. 三、用不定式作賓語、動(dòng)名詞作賓語寫句子 1.我下決心盡我最大努力來趕上別人。(determine, do one’s best, catch up with others) I__determined__to__try__my__best__to__catch__up__with__others. 2.由于下雨，我沒能按時(shí)到達(dá)那里。(because of, fail) Because__of__the__rain,__I__failed__to__get__there__on__time. 3.我向我們的老師求助，他建議我每天練習(xí)說英語。(turn to somebody for help, suggest, practice, speak English) I__turned__to__our__teacher__for__help,__and__he__suggested__practicing__speaking__English__every__day. 4.為什么不試著坐火車去旅行呢？坐火車既舒適又安全。(why not, try doing, fortable and safe) Why__not__try__travelling__on__a__train?__It’s__fortable__and__safe. 5.我想集中注意力學(xué)習(xí)，但我整天總是情不自禁地想起這個(gè)事。(concentrate on, can’t help, keep on thinking about it) I__try__to__concentrate__on__my__studies,__but__I__can’t__help__keeping__on__thinking__about__it__all__day. 6.除去向你求助，我別無選擇。(have no choice, but, turn to) I__have__no__choice__but__to__turn__to__you__for__help./I__have__nothing__to__do__but__turn__to__you__for__help. 7.我盼望快點(diǎn)收到你的來信。(look forward to, hear from) I__am__looking__forward__to__hearing__from__you__soon. 8.當(dāng)談到學(xué)英語，每個(gè)人都有自己的方法。(when it es to, method) When__it__es__to__learning__English,__everyone__has__his__own__method. 四、用非謂語動(dòng)詞作定語寫句子 1.解決這個(gè)問題的最好辦法是依靠你自己。(the best way, solve the problem, depend on) The__best__way__to__solve__the__problem__is__to__depend__on__yourself. 2.有許多人認(rèn)為學(xué)生在學(xué)校不應(yīng)帶手機(jī)。(there be, take...with them at school) There__are__many__people__thinking__that__students__shouldn’t__take__cell__phones__with__them__at__school. 3.仍有許多問題有待解決。(there be, remain to be done) There__are__many__problems__remaining__to__be__solved. 4.我寫信申請(qǐng)昨天《中國(guó)日?qǐng)?bào)》上所登廣告的那個(gè)職位。(apply for the position, advertise) I__am__writing__to__apply__for__the__position__advertised__in__yesterday’s__China__Daily. 5.三分之二被采訪的學(xué)生說他們贊成這個(gè)主意。(two thirds, interview, in favor of) Two__thirds__of__the__students__interviewed__say__they__are__in__favor__of__the__idea. 五、使用非謂語動(dòng)詞作狀語，輕松寫高級(jí)句式 1.因此，他這次考試考得非常好，在班級(jí)排第一名。(as a result, rank first) As__a__result,__he__did__very__well__in__the__exam,__ranking__first__in__his__class. 2.我相信，你要趕上別人，不會(huì)有什么困難。(have trouble, catch up with) I__am__sure__you__will__have__no__trouble__catching__up__with__others. 3.每節(jié)課你都應(yīng)當(dāng)認(rèn)真聽講，盡力不要錯(cuò)過任何要點(diǎn)。(listen with full attention, try to, miss any point) In__every__lesson,__you__should__listen__with__full__attention,__trying__not__to__miss__any__point. 4.我每天夜里睡得都很晚，在為即將到來的考試做準(zhǔn)備。(stay up late, make preparations for, the ing exams) I__stayed__up__late__every__night,__making__preparations__for__the__ing__exams. 5.再給我一次機(jī)會(huì)，我會(huì)做得更好。(give me another chance) Given__another__chance,__I__can__do__better./Give__me__another__chance,__and__I__can__do__better. 6.面對(duì)這樣一個(gè)問題，我不知道該怎么辦。(facing/faced with, at a loss) Faced__with/Facing__such__a__problem,__I__am__at__a__loss__what__to__do. 六、使用非謂語動(dòng)詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語寫句子 1.在你離開的時(shí)候，不要讓(自來)水流著。(leave the water running) Don’t__leave__the__water__running__when__you__leave. 2.我將派人去機(jī)場(chǎng)接你。(have someone do something, pick up) I__will__have__someone__pick__you__up__at__the__airport. 3.我們要求采取更多的措施來阻止這樣的事情再次發(fā)生。(ask more to, prevent...from) We__ask__more__to__be__done__to__prevent__such__things__from__happening__again. 七、用非謂語動(dòng)詞的完成式、進(jìn)行式、被動(dòng)式和否定式寫句子 1.由于沒有經(jīng)常給你寫信，我應(yīng)向你道歉。(owe you an apology) I__owe__you__an__apology__for__not__writing__more__often. 2.不知道該怎么辦，我向我們的老師求助。(turn to sb for help) Not__knowing__what__to__do,__I__turned__to__our__teacher__for__help. 3.我后悔沒有聽我們老師的建議。(regret, follow one’s advice) I__regret__not__following/having__followed__my__teacher’s__advice. 4.我考試不及格使我的父母非常生氣。(failing the exam) My__failing__the__exam__made__my__parents__very__angry. 5.我碰巧也去過那里。(happen to, have been there) I__happened__to__have__been__there__before. 八、運(yùn)用獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)，輕松寫高級(jí)句式 1.上周六沒有課，我們?nèi)⒂^了長(zhǎng)城。(there be, pay a visit to) There__being__no__classes__last__Saturday,__we__paid__a__visit__to__the__GreatWall. 2.我們的校園非常美麗，花兒香，鳥兒唱。(schoolyard, smell sweet, sing happily) Our__schoolyard__is__very__beautiful,__flowers__smelling__sweet__and__birds__singing__happily. 3.天氣很糟，我們不得不放棄爬上山頂?shù)挠?jì)劃。(weather, give up, the top of the mount) The__weather__being__bad,__we__had__to__give__up__the__plan__to__climb__upthe__top__of__the__mount. 4.每天有如此多的作業(yè)要做，我感到身心疲憊。(with, assignment，exhausted, physically and mentally) With__so__many__assignments__to__plete__every__day,__I__feel__exhausted__physically__and__mentally. 九、用動(dòng)名詞復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)和動(dòng)詞不定式復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)寫句子 1.我想學(xué)法律專業(yè)，但我的父母卻堅(jiān)持讓我學(xué)醫(yī)。(major in, insist on, medicine) I__would__like__to__major__in__law,__but__my__parents__insist__on__me/my__learning__medicine. 2.我還清楚地記得你帶著我們參觀你們城市的情形，我真的很感激。(remember, show around, appreciate) I__still__remember__clearly__your/you__showing__us__around__your__city__and__I__really__appreciate__it. 3.他沒通過考試使他這幾天很不高興。(failing to pass the exam, make sb upset) His__failing__to__pass__the__exam__made__him__upset__these__days. 4.我們多讀點(diǎn)英文故事書的這個(gè)建議是解決我們問題的最好辦法。(suggestion of, perfect solution to) The__suggestion__of__us/our__reading__more__English__story__books__is__a__perfect__solution__to__our__problems. 5.如果能為我約定個(gè)時(shí)間，我將不勝感激。(appreciate doing, make an appointment for) I__would__appreciate__you/your__making__an__appointment__for__me. 6.你給我如此多實(shí)用的建議真是太好了。(it’s kind, so many practical suggestions) It’s__ve