《（江蘇專版）2020版高考英語大二輪復習 專題3 閱讀理解 第三節(jié) 詞句猜測題 二 代詞指代題學案 牛津譯林版》由會員分享，可在線閱讀，更多相關《（江蘇專版）2020版高考英語大二輪復習 專題3 閱讀理解 第三節(jié) 詞句猜測題 二 代詞指代題學案 牛津譯林版（21頁珍藏版）》請在裝配圖網(wǎng)上搜索。
1、二、代詞指代題(2019全國，A)MyFavouriteBooksJoUsmarisawriterforCosmopolitanandco-authoroftheThisBookWillseries(系列)oflifestylebooks.Hereshepickshertopreads.MatildaRoaldDahlIoncewroteapaperontheinfluenceoffairytalesonRoaldDahlswritinganditgavemeanewappreciationforhisstrangeanddelightfulworlds.Matildasbattleswith
2、hercruelparentsandthebossyheadmistress，MissTrunchbull，areequallyfunnyandfrightening，buttheyrealsoaspirational.AfterDarkHarukiMurakamiItsabouttwosistersEri，amodelwhoeitherwontorcantstopsleeping，andMari，ayoungstudent.Intryingtoconnecttohersister，Maristartschangingherlifeanddiscoversaworldofdiverse“nig
3、htpeople”whoarehidingsecrets.GoneGirlGillianFlynnTherewasabitofmethatdidntwanttolovethiswheneveryoneelseontheplanetdid，butthehorrorstoryisbrilliant.TherestensionandanxietyfromthebeginningasNickandAmybattleforyourtrust.Itsarealwhodunitandthefrustrationwhenyourealisewhatsgoingonishorriblyenjoyable.The
4、StandStephenKingThisisanexcellentfantasynovelfromoneofthebeststorytellersaround.Afteraseriousfluoutbreakwipesout99.4%oftheworldspopulation，abattleunfoldsbetweengoodandevilamongthoseleft.RandallFlaggisoneofthescariestcharactersever.21.Whodoes“I”refertointhetext?A.StephenKing.B.GillianFlynn.C.JoUsmar.
5、D.RoaldDahl.答案C解析代詞指代題。由標題MyFavouriteBooks以及第一段內(nèi)容可知，文章是以JoUsmar的口吻進行寫作的。故選C。22.WhichofthefollowingtellsaboutMariandEri?A.Cosmopolitan.B.Matilda.C.AfterDark.D.TheStand.答案C解析細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)AfterDark部分中的第一句“ItsabouttwosistersEri，amodelwhoeitherwontorcantstopsleeping，andMari，ayoungstudent.”可知答案為C。23.Whatkindof
6、bookisGoneGirl?A.Afolktale.B.Abiography.C.Alovestory.D.Ahorrorstory.答案D解析細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)GoneGirl部分中的“.thehorrorstoryisbrilliant.”可知答案為D。一、題型解讀代詞指代題常出現(xiàn)在人物或事物變換多，動作轉(zhuǎn)換頻繁的語境中，考生應根據(jù)語境判斷人稱代詞、不定代詞和指示代詞。有時也會考查定語從句中關系代詞的指代內(nèi)容。設問形式常有：(1)Whatdoestheunderlinedword“this/it/them/which.”referto?(2)Theunderlinedpart“it/tha
7、t/they/which.”inParagraph.refersto“”.二、解題技巧“就近原則”判指代第一步：明確代詞所指代內(nèi)容的位置代詞永遠出現(xiàn)在原詞之后，故代詞所指代的內(nèi)容在這一句的前面一句中，或者前幾句中。第二步：熟悉代詞的含義(1)it/this/that可指代一件事。(2)it/he/them/they/one/those指上文提到的人或物。(3)which/that/who等關系代詞指代其所修飾的先行詞，非限制性定語從句中which可指代前面整句話的內(nèi)容。第三步：替換核實再比較(1)用所找的指代內(nèi)容替換畫線代詞，核實句意是否合理，前后內(nèi)容是否一致。(2)比較所代部分與選項，確定意
8、思最接近的選項。例如：【真題感悟】中第21題。由標題MyFavouriteBooks以及第一段內(nèi)容可知，文章是以JoUsmar的口吻進行寫作的。故C選項正確。A(2019南通高三檢測)TheBoyWhoHarnessedtheWindisaninspirationaltrue-storyfilmbasedonamemoiran9accountoftheauthorspersonalexperiencesbytheMalawianengineerWilliamKamkwamba.Asateenager，Kamkwambabuiltawindturbineforhisfamine-stricken
9、towninMalawi，helpingtopowersmallappliancesand6eventuallyirrigatecrops.11Thoughthefilmpointstowardthattechnologicalbreakthrough，itspendsmuchofitsrunningtimedepicting(描繪) itsheroscommunityandavoidsmanyofthedamaginglanguagesthattendtoaccompanypop-culturaldescriptionofpovertyorconflictsinAfricancountrie
10、s.Thisapproachiswhatmakesthemovie，muchmoreattractivethanothersuchdocu-dramas.ChiwetelEjiofor，anEnglishactor，ismakinghis7featureappearanceasawriteranddirectortodrawattentiontoKamkwambasstorybuthesjustasfocusedondepictingtheboysfamilylifeandthedangersoffarmingintheearly2000sMalawi.Famineisntjustathing
11、thathappenstotheKamkwambas.Itstheresultofaseriesofunpredictable8catastrophesthattrickledowntothissmallvillageandleaveitspeoplestrugglingtogrowandsellfood.Byexaminingthemanystructuralreasonsforthetownscrisis，EjioformakesKamkwambasachievementfeelbetter-earnedfromanarrative(敘述的) perspective.TheKamkwamb
12、asarenotlackinginfood，atfirst，thoughtheydoliveharvesttoharvest.Soon，aseriesofdramaticfloods，combinedwithgovernmentunrest(動蕩)，beginstotakeatollon (haveabadeffecton) theirlife.Throughitall，Williamshowshisgiftforinvention，takingapartwhatevermachineshecangethishandsonandfiguringouthowtheywork.Inonecruci
13、al (andcleverlywritten) scene，somelocalteenagersbegWilliamtofixtheirradiosothattheycanlistentoasoccergame，andhedoes，makinguseofabatteryfromseveraldrainedpowercells.Astheradiojoltstolife，itdeliversanewsreportofplaneshittingbuildingsintheU.S.，whichservesasthefirstrealacknowledgmentofthefilmsexacttimep
14、eriod.Theuninterestedteensimmediatelyswitchovertothegame，butEjioforincludedthatdetailforareason.ThoughMalawiisontheothersideoftheworldfromtheU.S.，andtheKamkwambasvillageisfarfromthecountrysbiggestcity，thenegativeeffectsof9/11arefelteventhereunsettlingthegovernmentandsettingoffachainreactionthatquick
15、lyturnsthingsterrible.MomentsliketheseaffirmEjioforsparticularskillforstorytelling.ToWilliamandhisyoungfriends，theeventbarelyregisters，butitstillhashugeconsequencesfortheirlives.Thelatterhalfofthefilmistoughergoingthanthelight，community-orientedopening，butitsanchoredbystrongperformances.Trywell，Will
16、iamsfather，isntabaddad，butashisfamilygetshungrier，hisangertowardhisgovernment，whichwassupposedtohelphimthrive，risestothesurface.AsWilliamsmother，Magaisacalmer，steadierfigure，butherprideisdamaged，too.Shespeaksofneverwantingtobethestereotypical(老套的) family“prayingforrain”，asherancestorsdid，anddespairs
17、asTrywellsstrategytosavethefarmbecomesalmostexactlythat.Atacertainpoint，IstartedmentallycheckingmywatchIsntittimefortheboytostartharnessingthewind？ButEjiofordoesntwantWilliamsmassiveachievementtolookeasy.NotonlydoesWilliamneedtogatherthepracticalmaterialsneededforawindmillinanearly1abandonedtown，but
18、healsohastochallengehisfathersskepticismandpersuadehimtogiveupthefewpossessionshestillhas，includingabicycle，tocreatesomethingthatappearsimpossible.Itsstriking，anddeeplysad，toconsiderthatsuperficially(表面上) theonlythingkeepingWilliamstownfromstarvationwasbasicallywindpower.InEjioforshands，TheBoyWhoHar
19、nessedtheWindbuildsrealismandcontextintobothsidesofthatstoryandmanagestobeawinningadaptationasaresult.語篇解讀本文是一篇說明文，介紹了電影駕馭風的男孩以其獨特的拍攝手法展現(xiàn)了主人公為一個遭受饑荒的非洲小鎮(zhèn)制造風力渦輪機的真實故事。1.InthefilmTheBoyWhoHarnessedtheWind，aconsiderablepartisabout.A.themiserablelifeinMalawiB.theirrigationofthecropsC.thebuildingofthetur
20、bineD.thetechnologybreakthrough答案A解析細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Thoughthefilmpointstowardthattechnologicalbreakthrough，itspendsmuchofitsrunningtimedepicting (描繪) itsheroscommunityandavoidsmanyofthedamaginglanguages”和第二段中的“buthesjustasfocusedondepictingtheboysfamilylifeandthedangersoffarmingintheearly2000sMalawi”可
21、知，這部電影有相當一部分描繪了在馬拉維的悲慘生活，故A項正確。2.HowdoesEjioformakeKamkwambasachievementmorenoticeable?A.Byshootingthefilmintheformofstory-telling.B.Byanalyzingthereasonsforthevillagespoverty.C.Bylistingunpredictablecatastrophesattackingthevillage.D.Bystrengtheningthedifficultyingrowingandsellingthefood.答案A解析細節(jié)理解題。
22、根據(jù)第二段中的“hesjustasfocusedondepictingtheboysfamilylife”及“EjioformakesKamkwambasachievementfeelbetter-earnedfromanarrative(敘述的) perspective.”可知，Ejiofor的拍攝側(cè)重于Kamkwamba的家庭生活，并且是以敘述的形式使Kamkwamba的成就更突出，即以講故事的拍攝形式使Kamkwamba的成就更突出，故A項正確。3.WhatisthepurposeofthesceneabouttheradioinParagraph3?A.Toreporttheterro
23、reventintheUS.B.Torevealthesettingofthefilm.C.Tostresstheteensinterestingames.D.Toshowtheheroswillingnessofhelp.答案B解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Astheradiojoltstolife，itdeliversanewsreportofplaneshittingbuildingsintheU.S.，whichservesasthefirstrealacknowledgmentofthefilmsexacttimeperiod.”可知，文章提到收音機場景是為了揭示電影的背景，故B項
24、正確。4.Theunderlinedword“that”inParagraph4refersto.A.MagasprideB.TrywellsangerC.thefamilyprayingforrainD.thedespairofsavingthefarm答案C解析代詞指代題。根據(jù)畫線詞前的內(nèi)容可知，她從來都不想像她的祖先那樣成為老套的“求雨”家庭，而當Trywell拯救農(nóng)場的策略幾乎變成那樣的時候她感到了絕望，由此可知，that指的就是前面的prayingforrain，故C項正確。5.ThesceneofWilliamharnessingthewindappearsquitelateint
25、hefilmsoasto.A.buildrealismandcontextintobothsidesofthestoryB.underlinethelocalpeoplessufferingfromstarvationC.showhisfathersskepticismandreluctancetohelphimD.impressonviewersthedifficultyofmakingthemachine答案D解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“ButEjiofordoesntwantWilliamsmassiveachievementtolookeasy.”可知，Ejiofor不想讓Wil
26、liam的偉大成就看起來那么容易，即想要突出主人公的不容易，故D項正確。6.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthispassage?A.AWindTurbineInventedbyaMalawianEngineerB.AnInspirationalTrue-storyAdaptedintoaFilmC.TheKamkwambaFamilyandTheirLifeinMalawiD.ATrueWinnerTheBoyWhoHarnessedtheWind答案D解析標題歸納題。根據(jù)第一段前兩句可知，本文介紹了電影駕馭風的男孩以其獨特的拍攝手法展現(xiàn)了主人公為一個遭受饑荒的非洲小鎮(zhèn)
27、制造風力渦輪機的真實故事，他是真正的贏家，故D項正確。B(2019南京、鹽城高三一模)Howwouldyoudescribeyourstyle？Formal？Classical？Casual？Smart？Firstofall，whatisstyle？Letshearafewwordsofwisdomfromthewise.“Styleisknowingwhoyouareandwhatyouwanttosay，”(GoreVidal)；“Styleisanexpressionof2individualismmixedwithcharm，”(JohnFairchild)；“Styleisthepe
28、rfectionofapointofview，”(RobertEberhart)；“Styleisasimplewayofsayingcomplicatedthings，”(JeanCocteau)；“Styleisthedressofthoughts，”(LordChesterfield).So，nowyouknowwhatstyleis，youllneedtobuysomeclothes.Butwhere？IntheUK，youcangetreallycheap，stylish，second-handclothesat3charityshops.Theyregreatifyouwantex
29、clusivelabelsbutdontwanttopaytheprice.Theonlydifficultyisdiscoveringwherethereallygood4bargainsare.Butdontworry，LeilaGraycanhelpyouhere.ShestheproudownerofavintageHardyAmiescoat，pickedupatacharityshopfor20agooddealwhenyourealizeitcostmorethan800new.“Youhavetogotothericherareasofacity，”shesays.“Thats
30、whereallthelabelsare.Itcantakeabitofhuntingaround，butthatishalfthefun，andtheresalotofburiedtreasurejustwaitingtobediscovered.”So，nowyouknowwheretobuyyournew，stylishclothes，howdoyouacquireyourstyle？Expertssaythatmixingandmatchingfromcharityshopscanhelpyoufindyourownstylesomethingthatsreallyyou.Thatsw
31、hatScottishmusicianMomusdid.“Myfashion10tipisthis，”hesays，“Lookatyourselfwiththeeyeofagraphicdesigner.Ifyoucantbeattractive，aimforinterestingororiginal.”Momusuniquestylecouldevenmakehimhappier，too.AspsychologistMarilynEliasexplains，thehappiestpeople“judgethemselvesbytheirownyardsticks，neveragainstwh
32、atothersdoorhave”.ShoichiAoki，thefounderofJapanesestreetstylemagazineFRUiTS，agrees.“12Ithinkrealfashioniswhatpeoplewearonthestreets，theclothesthattheywear，thewaythattheywearthem，”hesays.“Whatyouseeinfashionmagazinesandonmodelshasbeenstyledanditsmorecommercial.”HesaysthathisinspirationforFRUiTScamefr
33、ompeople5combiningtraditionalJapaneseclothingsuchasthekimonoand“geta” (Japanesewoodenclogs) withWesternfashion.“Thisreallycaughtmyeye，”Aokiadds.Thesestylesmayseemwild，butAokisideaisnot：bebold，becreativeandfindsomethingthatsuitsyou.Maybe its time to create your own look.There are many online guides t
34、o help you.Perhaps the best advice comes from a website called wikiHow，“If you see something you like，” it says，“feel free to copy，but dont make yourself a clone.mix it up and make it yours.” Think about it!7.Whatshouldyoufirstdotochoosethestylethatbestsuitsyou?A.Followtheimagesofthewisepeople.B.Gof
35、orwhateverisfashionable.C.Simplifycomplicatedexpressions.D.Figureoutwhatatruestyleis.答案D解析推理判斷題。由第一段中“Howwouldyoudescribeyourstyle？Formal？Classical？Casual？Smart？Firstofall，whatisstyle？”提出的設問可知，要選擇適合自己的風格，首先要弄明白究竟什么是真正的“style”，故選D。8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“that”inParagraph2referto?A.Gettingclotheso
36、fleadingbrands.B.Buyingclothesatratherlowprices.C.Searchingforreallygoodbargains.D.Startingacharityshopsellingclothes.答案C解析代詞指代題。that通常指代上文提到的事物，根據(jù)第二段中的“IntheUK，youcangetreallycheap，stylish，second-handclothesatcharityshops.Theyregreatifyouwantexclusivelabelsbutdontwanttopaytheprice.”及畫線詞前的“Itcantake
37、abitofhuntingaround”可知，that指代上文中的“尋找真正物美價廉的商品”。故選C。9.WhatisthefocusofShoichiAokiandhismagazineFRUiTS?A.Commercializationoffashionmagazines.B.Expressionofsomethingpersonalandcreative.C.Designingfashionablewearformeninthestreet.D.PromotingJapanesetraditionalclothingworldwide.答案B解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“Hesay
38、sthathisinspirationforFRUiTS.Thesestylesmayseemwild，butAokisideaisnot：bebold，becreativeandfindsomethingthatsuitsyou.”可知，答案為B。10.Whatisprobablythebesttitleforthepassage?A.HowtoFindtheStyleThatSuitsYouB.WheretoPickUpaBargainC.WhattoWeartoDevelopYourStyleD.WhomtoModeltoBePopular答案A解析標題歸納題。本文從設問“你怎樣描述你的
39、風格？”和“首先，什么是風格？”開始，探討了如何找到適合自己的風格，故選A。.障礙詞匯突破(一)閱讀下列句子，并根據(jù)句意猜測畫線部分的意思1.Rescuersabandonedallhopeoffindinganymoresurvivors.放棄2.Inthecontemporarywesternworld，rapidlychangingstylescatertoadesirefornoveltyandindividualism.個性3.Manycharitiessentmoneytohelpthevictimsofthefamine.慈善機構(gòu)4.Hemadeabargainwithhiswi
40、fe，“YoutakecareofthechildrenandIllcook.”條件，協(xié)議5.LikehermotherMarieCurie，Irenecombinedfamilyandcareer.兼顧(二)同義詞語替換6.Eventually，herownpublishingfirmwassetup.Finally/Atlast/Intheend7.AnimportantfeatureofVanGoghspaintingsistheirbrightcolours.characteristic/character8.Earlywarningsofrisingwaterlevelspreven
41、tedanothermajorcatastrophe.disaster(三)一詞多義9.accountv.占比例；解釋的原因；是的原因n.賬目；賬戶；賬號；敘述；報道；描寫(1)Theapplicationofnewtechnologiesandwideappealofmoviestarscouldaccountfortheincreaseofthebox-officeincome.v.是的原因(2)Itissaidthatbodylanguageaccountsfor55percentofafirstimpressionwhilewhatyousayjust7percent.v.占比例(3)
42、Whilethisbooktellsusthestoriesoffamouspeopleinhistory；italsogivesanaccountofthelivesoflesser-knownindividuals.n.敘述(4)Hetakescareofthebusinessandhiswifekeepstheaccounts.n.賬目(5)Myfatherhelpedmesetupabankaccount.n.賬戶10.tipn.尖端；末梢；小費；建議；忠告；小貼士v.傾斜；傾倒；給小費(1)Theboattippedtooneside.v.傾斜(2)Shetippedtheporte
43、radollar.v.給小費(3)Igavesometipsonhisstudies，buthedidntfollowthem.n.建議；忠告(4)CapeTownisatthesoutherntipoftheAmericancontinent.n.末端.長難句理解11.Thoughthefilmpointstowardthattechnologicalbreakthrough，itspendsmuchofitsrunningtimedepicting(描繪) itsheroscommunityandavoidsmanyofthedamaginglanguagesthattendtoaccom
44、panypop-culturaldescriptionofpovertyorconflictsinAfricancountries.句式分析本句是一個復合句，though引導讓步狀語從句，thattendtoaccompanypop-culturaldescriptionofpovertyorconflictsinAfricancountries是that引導的定語從句。精美譯文盡管這部電影指向了技術上的突破，但是它的大部分時間都在描繪主人公所在的社區(qū)，并避免了許多帶有破壞性的語言，這些語言傾向于伴隨著對非洲國家的貧困或沖突的流行文化的描述。12.Ithinkrealfashioniswhat
45、peoplewearonthestreets，theclothesthattheywear，thewaythattheywearthem.句式分析本句是一個復合句，Ithink后面跟的是一個省略了引導詞that的賓語從句；is后有三個并列的表語：what引導表語從句，theclothesthattheywear和thewaythattheywearthem，其中兩個that引導的都是定語從句。精美譯文我認為真正的時尚是街頭人們的穿著打扮，是他們所穿的衣服，是他們的穿衣方式。強化練(二十三).單項填空1.Asforyourabouttheshoes，sir，Iwillspeaktothepers
46、oninchargeandaskhimeithertogiveyouanotherpairortogiveyourmoneyback.A.compositionB.compromiseC.complaintD.concept答案C解析composition作文；compromise妥協(xié)；complaint投訴，抱怨；concept概念。句意為：先生，關于您對這雙鞋的投訴，我會和負責的人談談，讓他要么給您另一雙鞋，要么給您退錢。complaintabout對抱怨/投訴，故選C。2.David，areyoulisteningtome?Sorry，sir.IofthelectureIattended
47、yesterday.A.havethoughtB.wasthinkingC.amthinkingD.thought答案B解析句意為：大衛(wèi)，你在聽我說嗎？對不起，先生。我在想我昨天聽的講座。此處表示剛才正在做某事，所以應該用過去進行時態(tài)，故選B。3.ThenewsspreadquicklyallovertheworldMichaelSchumachercametolifeafterhisbeingseriouslyinjured5yearsago.A.thatB.whatC.whichD.when答案A解析句意為：邁克爾舒馬赫在5年前受了重傷，他蘇醒過來的消息很快傳遍了全世界。此處名詞news后
48、面是that引導的同位語從句，說明該名詞的具體內(nèi)容，故選A。4.Thenewsurveyshowsthatthenumberofstudentscomputergameshasbeenincreasinginrecentyears.A.accustomedtoB.relatedtoC.connectedtoD.addictedto答案D解析beaccustomedto習慣于；berelatedto與有關；beconnectedto與有聯(lián)系；beaddictedto對上癮。句意為：這項新的調(diào)查顯示，沉迷于電腦游戲的學生人數(shù)近年來呈上升趨勢。此處為形容詞短語作定語。故答案為D。5.Manyopti
49、misticteenagersowetheirpersonalitiestotheiroutgoingparents.Itmakessense.Asweallknow，ahappyparentahappychild.A.makesoutB.makesintoC.makesupD.makesfor答案D解析makeout明白，理解；makeinto制成；makeup由組成，編造；makefor有助于。句意為：許多樂觀的青少年把他們的個性歸功于他們外向的父母。這是有道理的。眾所周知，一個快樂的父母造就一個快樂的孩子。故選D。6.Commercialandrecreationalfishingpop
50、ulationsizesandalsomadeindividualssmaller，sincebigfishandsmalleronesthrownback.A.decreased；keptB.haddecreased；arekeptC.hasdecreased；keepD.hasdecreased；arekept答案D解析考查時態(tài)和語態(tài)。因為大的魚是被漁夫留下來的，所以后一空為被動，故排除A、C項，因為商業(yè)性或娛樂性的捕魚發(fā)生在過去并對現(xiàn)在的個體和數(shù)量造成影響，而非發(fā)生在過去的動作“madeindividualssmaller”之前，故用現(xiàn)在完成時，故選D。7.Moreofusareusin
51、gheadphonesinnoisierenvironments，wemayturnupthevolumetopotentiallydangerouslevels.A.whenB.whileC.beforeD.where答案D解析考查定語從句。因為后半句是一般現(xiàn)在時，前半句是現(xiàn)在進行時，故排除A、B兩項，根據(jù)句意“在喧鬧環(huán)境中會提高音量”，不存在先后時間順序，可排除C項，所以后半句只能是個從句來修飾environments，句子成分完整，先行詞在從句中作地點狀語。故選D。8.Thereisalwaystemptationtohideawayfromouremotions.ButIdrather
52、weawayofbeingmoreoutspoken，morehonest，andtruertoourselves.A.findB.shallfindC.foundD.havefound答案C解析考查固定句式。wouldrathersb.didsth.“寧愿某人做某事”，是虛擬語氣的固定句型，是對現(xiàn)在的虛擬。如果對過去虛擬則用wouldrathersb.haddonesth.。本題是對現(xiàn)在的虛擬，故選C。9.Suesleptovernightinfrontofthestadiuminordertogetconcerttickets.Thatswhattheproverb“”means.A.ev
53、erycloudhasasilverliningB.makehaywhilethesunshinesC.theearlybirdcatchesthewormD.dontcountyourchickensbeforetheyhatch答案C解析考查諺語、俗語。everycloudhasasilverlining守得云開見明月；makehaywhilethesunshines曬草要趁太陽好；theearlybirdcatchestheworm早起的鳥兒有蟲吃；dontcountyourchickensbeforetheyhatch不要高興得太早。故選C。10.Whilesendingflowers
54、asgifts，wecantchooseflowers，becausedifferentflowersmayconveydifferentmeanings.(2019無錫高三期中)A.arbitrarilyB.cautiouslyC.originallyD.thoroughly答案A解析考查副詞。arbitrarily反復無常地；cautiously謹慎地；originally最初；thoroughly徹底地。句意為：當送花作為禮物時，我們不能隨意選擇花，因為不同的花可能傳達不同的含義。故選A。.閱讀理解AHereisarecordofthediscussionaboutAI (artific
55、ialintelligence) conductedbyseveralscientists：ScientistA：IwouldsaythatwearequitealongwayofdevelopingtheAI，thoughIdothinkitwillhappenwithinthenextthirtyorfortyyears.Wewillprobablyremainincontroloftechnologyanditwillhelpussolvemanyoftheworldsproblems.However，noonereallyknowswhatwillhappenifmachinesbec
56、omemoreintelligentthanhumans.Theymayhelpus，ignoreusordestroyus.ItendtobelieveAIwillhaveapositiveinfluenceonourfuturelives，butwhetherthatistruewillbepartlyuptous.ScientistB：Ihavetoadmitthatthepotentialconsequencesofcreatingsomethingthatcanmatchorgobeyondhumanintelligencefrightenme.Evennow，scientistsa
57、reteachingcomputershowtolearnontheirown.Atsomepointinthenearfuture，theirintelligencemaywelltakeoffanddevelopatanever-increasingspeed.Humanbeingsevolvebiologicallyveryslowlyandwewouldbequicklysubstituted.Intheshortterm，thereisthedangerthatrobotswilltakeovermillionsofhumanjobs，creatingalargeunderclass
58、ofunemployedpeople.Thiscouldmeanlarge-scalepovertyandsocialunrest.Inthelongterm，machinesmightdecidetheworldwouldbebetterwithouthumans.ScientistC：ImamemberoftheCampaigntoStopKillerRobots.ForgetthemovieimageofaterrifyingTerminatorstampingonhumanskulls(頭骨) andthinkofwhatshappeningrightnow：militarymachi
59、neslikedrones，gunturretsandsentryrobotsarealreadybeingusedtokillwithverylittlehumaninput.Thenextstepwillbeautonomous“murderbots”followingordersbutfinallydecidingwhotokillontheirown.Itseemscleartomethatthiswouldbecompletelyunethicalanddangerousforhumans.Weneedtobeverycautiousindeedaboutwhatweaskmachi
60、nestodo.11.WhatisScientistBworriedabout?A.AItechnologywilldestroytheearth.B.Computerscantthinkbythemselves.C.Robotswilltaketheplaceofhumans.D.Humanswillbeunhappywithoutmachines.答案C解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Intheshortterm，thereisthedangerthatrobotswilltakeovermillionsofhumanjobs，creatingalargeunderclassofunemp
61、loyedpeople.Thiscouldmeanlarge-scalepovertyandsocialunrest.”可知，科學家B擔心機器人會代替人類，造成人類失業(yè)、貧窮和社會動蕩。故選C。12.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“this”inthelastparagraphreferto?A.TheCampaigntoStopKillerRobots.B.ThemovieimageofaterrifyingTerminator.C.“Murderbots”cantdecidebythemselves.D.“Murderbots”willbeagainsthumansor
62、ders.答案D解析代詞指代題。根據(jù)畫線詞前一句“Thenextstepwillbeautonomousmurderbotsfollowingordersbutfinallydecidingwhotokillontheirown.”可知，自動“殺人機器人”服從人類的命令，但最后殺死誰由他們自己決定。句中this指“殺人機器人不服從人類的命令”。故選D。13.WhichstatementisCORRECTaccordingtotherecord?A.ScientistAthinksAItechnologywillneverdevelop.B.Theemploymentwillbeaffected
63、byAItechnologyinthefuture.C.“Murderbots”willfollowtheordersoftheirmanufacturersinthewars.D.AllthethreescientistsagreethatAItechnologywillbenefithumanbeings.答案B解析細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Intheshortterm，thereisthedangerthatrobotswilltakeovermillionsofhumanjobs，creatingalargeunderclassofunemployedpeople.”可知，機器人的發(fā)
64、展會代替人類工作，造成人類失業(yè)。也就是說，未來人工智能技術將會影響就業(yè)。故選B。14.Whoagree(s) AIhasmorenegativeaspectsthanpositiveaspects?A.ScientistA.B.ScientistB.C.ScientistsB&C.D.ScientistsB&A.答案C解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的“ItendtobelieveAIwillhaveapositiveinfluenceonourfuturelives”可知，科學家A認為人工智能的積極因素比消極因素多。根據(jù)第三段中的“.thereisthedangerthatrobotswilltakeovermillions
（江蘇專版）2020版高考英語大二輪復習 專題3 閱讀理解 第三節(jié) 詞句猜測題 二 代詞指代題學案 牛津譯林版
