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1、2012屆高考英語(yǔ)三輪復(fù)習(xí)回扣課本精講精練復(fù)習(xí)學(xué)案-人教版必修1-Unit 5Nelson Mandelaa modern hero.重點(diǎn)單詞聚焦1The school used advanced teaching methods to_(教育) the students.答案：educate2In my_(看法)，many teenagers depend too much on their parents.答案：opinion3Anyone that provides valuable information for the police will be_(獎(jiǎng)賞)答案：rewarded4H
2、is sister ran away from home and went abroad because of family_(暴力)答案：violence5This kind of washing powder is of good_(質(zhì)量)，and doesnt harm our hands.答案：quality6The boss was_(抨擊) by the newspapers for not caring for the workers.答案：attacked7Do you know when the Peoples Republic of China was_(成立)?On Oc
3、tober 1,1949.答案：founded8Yesterday we_(選舉) Mr Li the best teacher in our school.答案：voted9Though he_(逃跑) from the big fire，his skin was severely burned.答案：escaped10Your teacher can give you_(指導(dǎo)) on choosing a career and writing a job application.答案：guidance課文原句突破1但是，那個(gè)時(shí)候你要想住在約翰內(nèi)斯堡就非得要有身份證不可。However，th
4、is _ _ _ _one had got to have a passbook to live in Johannesburg.答案：was a time when heartsetprisonagainst2過(guò)去30年來(lái)所出現(xiàn)的大量法律剝奪了我們的權(quán)利，阻擋了我們的進(jìn)步，一直到今天，我們還在幾乎什么權(quán)利都沒(méi)有的階段。The last thirty years _ _the greatest number of laws stopping our rights and progress，until today we have_ _ _ _we have almost no rights at
5、 all.答案：have seen；reached a stage where3首先我們用和平的方式來(lái)破壞法律；而當(dāng)這種方式也得不到允許時(shí)，只有到這個(gè)時(shí)候我們才決定用暴力反抗暴力。We first broke the law in a way _ was peaceful；when this was not allowed.only then _ _ _ to answer violence with violence.答案：which；did we decide4他說(shuō)不應(yīng)該阻止他們?yōu)楂@得學(xué)位而學(xué)習(xí)。He said they should not be _ _ _ for their degr
6、ees.答案：stopped from studyingdevote vt.獻(xiàn)身；專(zhuān)心于教材原句P33：A great person is someone who devotes his/her life to helping others.偉人就是將他/她的一生致力于幫助別人的人。These artists devoted all their life to art，and made great contributions to the artistic field.這些藝術(shù)家把終生獻(xiàn)給了藝術(shù)，為藝術(shù)事業(yè)作出了巨大貢獻(xiàn)。She is a good wife and a devoted mot
7、her.她是一位賢妻良母。He could only devote two hours a day to work on the project，but his devotion to duty is worth respecting.他一天只能在這個(gè)項(xiàng)目上花兩個(gè)小時(shí)，但他忠于職守是值得尊敬的。She devoted all her life to medical work for Chinese women and children.她為中國(guó)婦女和兒童的醫(yī)療工作貢獻(xiàn)了畢生。1.Her son，to whom she was so_，went abroad ten years ago，_her
8、 alone in the small village.Aloved；leavingBdevoted；leftCdevoted；leaving Daffected；leaving解析：be devoted to sb.相當(dāng)于love sb.很喜歡某人，句中devoted后的to移至whom之前。句意為：她非常疼愛(ài)的兒子去年去了國(guó)外，留下她一個(gè)人在小村子里。答案：Cvote vt.& vi.投票；選舉；n.投票；票教材原句P34：Black people could not vote or choose their leaders.當(dāng)時(shí)黑人沒(méi)有選舉權(quán)，他們無(wú)權(quán)選擇他們的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人。There was
9、 once a time when women had no right to vote.曾經(jīng)有一段時(shí)間婦女沒(méi)有選舉權(quán)。I thought the plan was very good，so I voted for it.我認(rèn)為這項(xiàng)計(jì)劃很好，于是我投了贊成票。We will listen to the arguments on both sides and then vote on it.我們將先聽(tīng)聽(tīng)雙方的論點(diǎn)，然后再表決。2.完成句子(1)With the help of Nelson Mandela，blacks were hopeful about their future_(他們能投票
10、) and choose their leaders.(2)There were_(16票贊成) my suggestion，and 15 against.(3)As they couldnt agree with each other，they_(決定投票表決) the issue.答案：(1)when they could vote(2)16 votes in favour of(3)decided to vote onequal v等于；抵得上；adj.相等的；勝任的；n.同等的人；相等物教材原句P34：But I was happy to help because I knew it
11、would help us achieve our dream of making black and white people equal.但是，我樂(lè)于幫忙，因?yàn)槲抑溃@是為了實(shí)現(xiàn)我們黑人和白人平等的夢(mèng)想。(1)A equals B in.A在方面比得上Bbe equal ton./doing sth.等于；與相等；勝任be without equal/have no equal無(wú)與倫比；無(wú)敵(2)equality n相等；平等equally adv.相等地；平等地None of us can equal her，either in beauty or as a dancer.不管是容貌還
12、是舞藝我們都比不上她。It is reasonable to demand equal pay for equal work.要求同工同酬是合理的。3.(天津高考)Fitness is important in sport，but of at least_importance are skills.Afair BreasonableCequal Dproper解析：equal相等的，同等的，(be) of equal importance意為“同樣重要”。句意為：在比賽中，身體狀態(tài)是重要的，但是比賽技巧至少也同等重要。答案：C4完成句子I dont think he_(勝任做這項(xiàng)工作)，so
13、I wont employ him.答案：is equal to doing the jobreward n& v報(bào)答；報(bào)酬；獎(jiǎng)賞教材原句P38：They said that the job and the pay from the new South African government were my reward after working all my life for equal rights for the Blacks.他們說(shuō)來(lái)自新南非政府的那份工作和薪水是對(duì)我一生為黑人的平等權(quán)利而奮斗的回報(bào)。He gave the boy a reward of $100 for bringi
14、ng back the lost dog.因?yàn)檎一貋G失的狗，他獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)小男孩100美元。They rewarded the boy with 5 for bringing back the lost dog.他們給了那男孩五英鎊，酬謝他把走失的狗送回來(lái)。She got nothing in reward for her kindness.她的好心沒(méi)有得到一點(diǎn)回報(bào)。How can I reward your kindness?我怎么才能報(bào)答你的恩情呢？辨析：reward與award名詞動(dòng)詞reward報(bào)酬、獎(jiǎng)金或一些非金錢(qián)的報(bào)酬給予報(bào)酬，指因?qū)Ψ降墓ぷ?、服?wù)、幫助而給予的報(bào)酬或獎(jiǎng)賞；reward s
15、b.for (doing) sth.因而報(bào)答/獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)某人award獎(jiǎng)品，獎(jiǎng)金，與prize相似授予，頒發(fā)；award sb.sth.award sth.to sb.5.用award和reward填空：(1)Obama was _the Nobel Peace Prize in 2009.(2)She started singing to the baby and was_with a smile.(3)It is widely accepted that young babies learn to do things because certain acts lead to_.答案：(1)awa
16、rded (2)rewarded(3)rewardsescape v& n逃脫；逃生；泄露教材原句P38：It was a prison from which no one escaped.那是個(gè)無(wú)人逃走過(guò)的監(jiān)獄。Whoever breaks the law wont escape punishment/being punished.不管是誰(shuí)違反了法律都將不會(huì)逃脫懲罰。She managed to escape from the burning car.她終于從燃燒的汽車(chē)?yán)锾恿顺鰜?lái)。It might have escaped your notice，but Im very busy at th
17、e moment.也許你沒(méi)注意到，可我此刻非常忙。He had a narrow escape.他九死一生。 6.In the face of the big fire in Moscow in 2010，many people in the firestricken areas moved out_.Ato escape burning Bto escape being burnedCescaping burned Descaping from burning解析：句意為：由于2010年莫斯科大火，許多被大火威脅的人們搬了出去以免被燒傷。由句意可知空格處為目的狀語(yǔ)，故用動(dòng)詞不定式的形式，可排
18、除C、D項(xiàng)，此處表示“逃脫被燒”，故B項(xiàng)正確。答案：Bturn to求助于；翻到(書(shū)的某頁(yè))；查閱；轉(zhuǎn)向教材原句P35：Why did Nelson Mandela turn to violence to make black and white people equal?為什么曼德拉使用暴力以使黑人和白人平等呢？Their talk turned to the change that had taken place in the city.他們的話(huà)題轉(zhuǎn)到了城市發(fā)生的變化。 Please turn to the police for help when you are in trouble.有
19、困難請(qǐng)向警察求助。turn down調(diào)小；拒絕turn into變成turn off關(guān)閉(開(kāi)關(guān)等)turn over打翻；翻身；移交turn up調(diào)大；出現(xiàn)turn out證明是；結(jié)果是She turned down the job offer because she wanted more money.她拒絕了那份工作因?yàn)樗胍叩墓べY。Unexpectedly the weather turned out pretty nice that day.出乎意料之外，那天天氣特別好。7.用turn的相關(guān)短語(yǔ)填空：(1)She didnt_at the party as she had prom
20、ised to.(2)It_that the job was much harder than we had thought.(3)Shes having a lot of trouble with the new computer，but she doesnt know whom to _.(4)He did not fall asleep，_in bed from time to time.答案：(1)turn up(2)turned out(3)turn to(4)turning overset up設(shè)立，建立教材原句P39：1952set up law office to help p
21、oor black people in Johannesburg，later this year，law office closed by government because he attacked antiblack laws.1952年設(shè)立律師事務(wù)所，為約翰內(nèi)斯堡的窮苦黑人提供幫助，后來(lái)在這一年，律師事務(wù)所被政府關(guān)閉，因?yàn)樗舴春谌朔āor all these years I have been working for others.Im hoping Ill set up my own business some day.這些年來(lái)我一直為他人工作，我希望有一天可以開(kāi)創(chuàng)自己的事業(yè)。W
22、e decided to set up a fund for the Hope project.我們決定為希望工程建立一項(xiàng)基金。The moment they arrived there，they began to set up the tent.他們一到那里就開(kāi)始搭建帳篷。set about開(kāi)始做set aside把放在一邊；省出，留出set down寫(xiě)下，記下set off出發(fā)，動(dòng)身；使爆炸；引起，激發(fā)set out出發(fā)，動(dòng)身；擺放；陳列；開(kāi)始，著手She tries to set aside some money every month.她每個(gè)月都盡量存點(diǎn)錢(qián)。I set about re
23、searching the habits of snakes so I could trap them in the easiest way.于是我就著手研究蛇的習(xí)性，以便能用最簡(jiǎn)易的方法來(lái)捕蛇。8.用set的相關(guān)短語(yǔ)填空：(1)Einstein liked Boses paper so much that he_ his own work and translated it into German.(2)Then，in 1995，the organization_ an office in Beijing.(3)I dont want to_a series of facts in a di
24、ary as most people do.(4)I think we ought to _ at 700，while the roads are empty.答案：(1)set aside(2)set up(3)set down(4)set offThe last thirty years have seen the greatest number of laws stopping our rights and progress，until today we have reached a stage where we have almost no rights at all.過(guò)去三十年里出現(xiàn)
25、了最多的法律來(lái)剝奪我們的權(quán)利、阻擋我們的進(jìn)步，直到今天我們已到了幾乎沒(méi)有任何權(quán)利的地步。(1)see，find，witness等詞可用物作主語(yǔ)，以增添語(yǔ)言色彩，see可譯為“(在某段時(shí)期)發(fā)生(某情況)，經(jīng)歷，經(jīng)受”。Dusk saw a little boy crying in the street.傍晚一個(gè)小男孩在街上哭泣。The following year saw the death of both his sisters.第二年他的兩個(gè)姊妹都死了。They came to the corner which had seen many accidents.他們來(lái)到了那個(gè)發(fā)生過(guò)許多次事故
26、的拐角處。National Day saw people singing and dancing happily in the street.國(guó)慶節(jié)里人們?cè)诖蠼稚细吲d地唱啊跳??！(2)當(dāng)先行詞是stage，situation，case，position等詞時(shí)，定語(yǔ)從句常用where或in which來(lái)引導(dǎo)。You could get into a situation where you have to decide immediately.你可能遇上一種情況，使你不得不立刻作出決定。Were get to the stage where we can hardly go out togethe
27、r.我們正在接近幾乎難以一起外出的地步了。9.完成句子The book was written in 1946，since when_(見(jiàn)證了教育的巨大變化)答案：the education has witnessed great changes10(2011濟(jì)南一模)Shes in a hopeless situation，_we will keep a very close eye on.Awhere BwhenCwhich Dthat解析：考查定語(yǔ)從句。定語(yǔ)從句的解題關(guān)鍵是：在主句中找出先行詞，該句的先行詞是a hopeless situation，然后把先行詞“代入”從句中，判斷其在從
28、句中的“地位”和“作用”，此處關(guān)系詞在從句中作on的賓語(yǔ)，同時(shí)這里又是非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，所以應(yīng)該用關(guān)系代詞which，選C項(xiàng)。答案：C11(2011鄭州二檢)The CCTV Spring Festival Gala is a big stage，_many new actors or actresses are to become famous.Awhere BwhenCthat Dwhich解析：考查定語(yǔ)從句。分析題干可以看出，stage是一個(gè)地點(diǎn)，而在定語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)?shù)攸c(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)的引導(dǎo)詞只有where，故選A。答案：AWe first broke the law in a way which
29、was peaceful；when this was not allowed.only then did we decide to answer violence with violence.首先我們用和平的方式來(lái)破壞法律；而當(dāng)這種方式也得不到允許時(shí)，只有到這個(gè)時(shí)候我們才決定用暴力反抗暴力。(1)in a way which was peacefulin a peaceful wayway后面跟的是一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句。way如在后面的定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，引導(dǎo)詞用that或which；如作狀語(yǔ)，可用in which或that引導(dǎo)，且引導(dǎo)詞可省略。I dont like the way that/
30、in which you treated him.我不喜歡你對(duì)待他的方式。He offered some ways that/which worked very well in practice.他提供了一些辦法，這些辦法在實(shí)踐中很有效。The way that/which you thought of to solve the problem was good.你想出的解決問(wèn)題的辦法很好。(2)當(dāng)only放在句首修飾狀語(yǔ)(通常是副詞、介詞短語(yǔ)或從句)時(shí)，句子需要部分倒裝。Only then did we realize that we were wrong.直到那時(shí)我們才意識(shí)到我們錯(cuò)了。On
31、ly in this way can you learn English well.只有用這種方法你才能學(xué)好英語(yǔ)。Only when he came back from work did I go to bed last night.昨天晚上直到他下班回來(lái)我才上床睡覺(jué)。如果置于句首的由only引導(dǎo)的詞語(yǔ)不是狀語(yǔ)就不用倒裝。Only you can solve the problem.只有你能解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題。12.He doesnt like the way_you treat a girl.Awhich BthatCin that Dby which解析：當(dāng)way在從句中指方式時(shí)，它后面的定語(yǔ)從
32、句中的關(guān)系代詞常用that，in which或者不填。這里的that不能與which替換。答案：B13(2010湖南長(zhǎng)沙市一中月考)Only when he returned_that the war had ended and the army had come back.Awe tell Bwe toldCdid we tell Dwere we told解析：考查only的倒裝用法。only狀語(yǔ)從句放在句首時(shí)，句子應(yīng)部分倒裝；結(jié)合語(yǔ)意可知應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。答案：D14(2010遼寧本溪高級(jí)中學(xué)一調(diào))It must be kept in mind that_lifelong study can
33、 you survive in the highly competitive society.Aonly when Buntil thenConly through Duntil when解析：根據(jù)題干后面的can you survive in the highly competitive society可知，這是一個(gè)倒裝句。而根據(jù)選項(xiàng)可知，能構(gòu)成倒裝的只有A、C兩項(xiàng)。此外，因?yàn)轭}干中的lifelong study是名詞短語(yǔ)，而不是句子，不能用when，故答案是C。語(yǔ)意為：必須牢記在心的是，只有通過(guò)終生學(xué)習(xí)，你才能在競(jìng)爭(zhēng)激烈的社會(huì)中生存。答案：C15(2010吉林實(shí)驗(yàn)中學(xué)一模)Only if_
34、the examinations_get the gift promised by your father.Ayou have passed；you will Bhave you passed；will youCyou have passed；will you Dhave you passed；you will解析：only連接狀語(yǔ)放在句首時(shí)，主句要部分倒裝。答案：C.用括號(hào)中所給單詞的正確形式填空1She set an example for us by_(selfless) working as a volunteer.答案：selflessly2The two men were such
35、_(devote) friends that they were willing to die for each other.答案：devoted3Green is a_(peace) colour that makes us think of fields and forests.答案：peaceful4He has a talent for speaking.He is going to be a_(law) when he grows up.答案：lawyer5I am not very_(hope) about the plan，but it might be worth trying
36、.答案：hopeful6Nobody can stand his_(cruel) towards his own old parents.答案：cruelty7It was_(fair) to give chocolate to some of the children and not to the others.答案：unfair8Preschool_(educate) is quite important and worth paying attention to.答案：education.巧思妙解1Although the working mother is very busy，she
37、still_a lot of time to her children.AdevotesBspendsCoffers Dprovides解析：句意為：盡管這位職業(yè)女性非常忙，但她仍然在孩子身上花很多時(shí)間。由于后面的介詞是to，所以不可以使用spend，其余選項(xiàng)不合語(yǔ)境。答案：A2_to his research work，the professor cared little about any other things.ADevoting BDevotedCHaving devoted DTo devote解析：devote是及物動(dòng)詞，一般用法是sb.is devoted to(doing)s
38、th.或devote oneself to(doing)sth.。本句中the professor和devote之間存在邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，故用過(guò)去分詞形式devoted作原因狀語(yǔ)。本句話(huà)意思是“教授致力于研究工作，對(duì)其他任何事情都關(guān)心甚少”。答案：B3Mr Reed made up his mind to devote all he had to_some schools for poor children.Aset up Bsetting upChave set up Dhaving set up解析：此題中的had to 與set up 并不構(gòu)成搭配，因?yàn)閔e had 為定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行
39、詞all，set up 應(yīng)與devote all.to 構(gòu)成搭配(devote.to.中的to為介詞，后接名詞、代詞或動(dòng)名詞)，即devote all to setting up。答案：B4(2010西安四校二模)The time he has devoted in the past few years_the disabled is now considered_of great value.Ato help；being Bto help；to beCto helping；to be Dto helping；being解析：devote.to doing.為固定搭配，to為介詞，后接動(dòng)名詞作
40、賓語(yǔ)。consider作“考慮”講時(shí)，后接動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)；作“認(rèn)為”講時(shí)，后接名詞、形容詞、動(dòng)詞不定式作賓補(bǔ)。答案：C.語(yǔ)法專(zhuān)練本單元語(yǔ)法定語(yǔ)從語(yǔ)()1 The Dragon Tower，from_top visitors can enjoy a good_of Harbin，attracts hundreds of tourists every day.Awhich；sightBwhose；viewCits；view Dwhere；sight解析：考查定語(yǔ)從句。該句的先行詞是The Dragon Tower，在從句中表示所屬關(guān)系，應(yīng)該用關(guān)系代詞whose。第二空為常用短語(yǔ)a good view
41、 of，表示“清楚地看到”，據(jù)此選B項(xiàng)。答案：B2Remember that there is still one point_we must make clear at the conference tomorrow.Awhere BwhyCwhen Dthat解析：考查定語(yǔ)從句。解定語(yǔ)從句題的關(guān)鍵是：在主句中找出先行詞，該句的先行詞是one point，然后把先行詞“代入”從句中，判斷其在從句中的“地位”和“作用”，這里先行詞在從句中作make clear的賓語(yǔ)，所以用關(guān)系代詞that/which引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句并在從句中作賓語(yǔ)，據(jù)此選D項(xiàng)。答案：D3American women usuall
42、y identify their best friend as someone_they can talk frequently.Awho Babout whichCas Dwith whom解析：考查定語(yǔ)從句。with whom引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞someone，with與talk構(gòu)成固定搭配，表示“與交談”。答案：D4 “Meals on wheels” is a free service，_hot meals are delivered to elderly people who may not be able to move around very easily.Athat BwhichCwhere Dwhat解析：考查定語(yǔ)從句。where是引導(dǎo)詞，引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句修飾先行詞service，where在從句中作狀語(yǔ)。答案：C5They left without leaving a message，_was more than we had expected.Awhat BwhichCthat Dwhen解析：考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意為：他們沒(méi)有留下口信就離開(kāi)了，這遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)出乎我們的意料。which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，在從句中作主語(yǔ)，代指前面整句話(huà)的內(nèi)容。答案：B- 14 -用心 愛(ài)心 專(zhuān)心
2012屆高考英語(yǔ)三輪復(fù)習(xí)回扣課本精講精練復(fù)習(xí) Unit5 Nelson Mandela—a modern hero學(xué)案 新人教版必修1
