高考英語(yǔ)熟詞生義(共9頁(yè))

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1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-----傾情為你奉上 高考英語(yǔ)熟詞生義 《普通高等學(xué)校招生全國(guó)統(tǒng)一考試說(shuō)明》中的詞匯表是命題人的主要依據(jù)，而這個(gè)詞匯表只提供了英語(yǔ)單詞或短語(yǔ)的拼寫形式，未有詞性和詞義。這就給命題人提供了廣闊的活動(dòng)空間，給他們減少了很多限制，但卻給考生增加了幾倍的難度。因?yàn)橛⒄Z(yǔ)中的一詞多義多性現(xiàn)象是普遍存在的。 例如：2001年全國(guó)卷中第26題：We didn't plan our art exhibition like that but it_____ very well． A．worked out B．tried out C．went on D．carried on 正確答案為

2、A。此處work out的詞義為“（情況）發(fā)展……”、“進(jìn)行……”。其余干擾項(xiàng)的干擾作用都很大。如果沒有完全掌握work out的含義，根本無(wú)法選定這個(gè)選項(xiàng)，更何況，我們的課本根本未有把work out作“（情況）進(jìn)展”、“進(jìn)行”解釋過(guò)。單選題如此，閱讀理解、完形填空等題中熟詞生義現(xiàn)象更是比比皆是。為了能使我們廣大考生順利通過(guò)考試，我們將根據(jù)《考試說(shuō)明》的詞匯表，按照字母順序舉例解析我們常見?？嫉氖煸~生義。 2009年全國(guó)卷I：Encourage your children to try new things. But try not to _______ them too hard. A

3、. draw B. strike C. rush D. push (逼迫，敦促) 本來(lái)push表示推的意思。 2009年全國(guó)卷II：If you leave the club, you will not be _______ back in. A. received B. admitted(準(zhǔn)許進(jìn)入，準(zhǔn)許加入俱樂(lè)部，組織等；接收入學(xué)) C, turned D. moved admit 本來(lái)表示承認(rèn) 山東卷2009：-Do you have enough to _______all your daily expenses? -Oh, yes, enough and t

4、o spare. (閑置的，不用的，閑錢) A. cover (錢足夠……之用) B. spend C. fill D. offer 2009湖北卷：Some parents are just too protective. They want to _______their kids from every kind of danger, real or imagined. A. spot B. dismiss C. shelter( 保護(hù)，庇護(hù)) D. distinguish shelter 本意：居所，住處，遮蔽物，庇護(hù)處 2008年山東卷：The fact

5、 that she never apologized ________ a lot about what kind of person she is . A. says (顯示，表明) B. talks C. appears D. declares 2008湖北卷：Though having lived abroad for years, many Chinese still ________ the traditional customs. A. perform B. possess C. observe (遵守規(guī)則，法律等) D. support 2009

6、年山東卷完型41：I can still remember he was always wearing (流露，面帶) a smile and willing to help. A 1. absent (adj. 缺席的) He looked at me in all absent way. (adj. 茫然的，恍惚的) 2. abuse (v. 濫用；漫罵) She is quite a successful career woman, but actually she's much abused at home. (v. 虐待) 3. ache (v. & n.

7、 疼痛) He was aching for home. (v. 渴望) 4. act (v. & n. 行動(dòng)) It takes a couple of minutes for the drug to act. (vi. 起作用) 5. address (n. 地址v. 寫地址) It is said that our headmaster will address the meeting. (vt. 向……發(fā)表演說(shuō)) 8. against (prep. 逆著，反對(duì)；倚，靠；碰) The picture looks nice against the whit

8、e wall. (prep. 映襯) 9. age (n. 年齡) Worry aged him rapidly. (v. (使)變老) 10. air (n. 空氣) Don’t air your troubles too often. (v. 抒發(fā)；傾訴；播送) There was a comfortable air about her room. (n. 樣子，神態(tài)，氣氛) 11. alone (adv. 單獨(dú)地，一個(gè)人地) She alone was able to answer the question. (adv. 僅僅，只有) 12. amount

9、 (n. 量) The cost amounted to $200. (v. (to) 共計(jì)，達(dá)到) What you have said amounts to a plain refusal. (v. 相當(dāng)于) 13. announce (宣布) A warm sunshine announces the coming of spring. (vt. 顯示，預(yù)告) 14. appreciate (v. 欣賞；感激；感謝) I appreciate that I may be wrong. (V. 意識(shí)到(realize)) 15. attend (v. 出席；參

10、加) The nurse attended to him day and night. (v. 看護(hù)；治療；陪同) 16. accompany (vt. 陪伴；伴奏) Strong winds accompanied the heavy rain. (v. 伴隨) 17. allow (v. 允許) This diet allows you one glass of wine a day. (vt. 使可能) 18. approach (vt. 靠近；接近) I approached him about filling the manager's jo

11、b. (v. 接洽；建議；要求) 19. available (adj. 可得到的；可找到的) The worthy professor is now available. (adj. (人)有空的) B 20. become (v. 變得，變成) Her new hat certainly becomes her. (vt. 適于，適合) 21. behavior (n. 舉止；行為) The behavior of this computer is moderately good. (n. 性能，特點(diǎn)) 22. blank (adj. 空白的n. 空白) The str

12、anger returned my greeting with a blank look. (adj. 沒表情的；沒興趣的) I cannot recall where I've left my umbrella; my mind's a complete blank! (n. 記憶中的空白，遺忘) 23. blue (adj. & n. 藍(lán)色) His songs always make me feel blue. (adj. 憂傷的) 24. bare (adj. 裸露的) He likes to bare his heart / soul with

13、 his close friends. (vt. 向某人袒露心聲) 25. bear (vt. 忍受；容忍) He was badly wounded in the war and still bears the scars. (v. 顯示；帶有) 26. bound (a由. 一定會(huì)) I don't like being desk-bound all day. (adj. 受…約束的) C 27. cause (v. 致使) We are struggling for revolutionary cause. (n. 事業(yè)) 28. cele

14、brate (vt. 慶祝) He celebrated her for her courage. (vt. 稱頌，贊揚(yáng)) 29. climate (n. 氣候) The cultural climate here is somehow a little upsetting. (n. 風(fēng)氣；思潮；傾向) 30. cloudy (adj. 陰的，多云的) Who did it still remains cloudy. (adj. 不明朗的，不清晰的) 31. coach (n. 教練) She coached me in English. (v. 輔導(dǎo)

15、，指導(dǎo)) 32. count (n. &v. 計(jì)算，數(shù)) (1) There are 10 people in the classroom counting two teachers. (vt. 包括) (2) It is not how much you read but what you read that counts. (vt. 有價(jià)值，重要) (3) She was counted among the greatest dancers. (vt. 以為，視為) 33. couple (n. 一對(duì)，一雙；一對(duì)夫婦或情侶) The dining car wa

16、s coupled onto the last coach. (v. 聯(lián)合，連接) 34. course (n. 課程；過(guò)程) The main course was a vegetable stew. (n. 一道菜) 35. cross (v. 跨越，橫穿n. 十字) Don't be cross with him——after all，he meant to help. (adj. 生氣的) 36. case (n. 情況；狀況) There are three cases of fever in school. (n. 病例；案例) 37. casual

17、(adj. 偶然的；隨意的) He was employed as a casual laborer. (adj. 臨時(shí)的) 38. cater (v. 為社交活動(dòng)提供飲食；承辦酒席) TV must cater for many different tastes. (v. 滿足需要；迎合) 39. challenge (v. 挑戰(zhàn)) I challenged him to a game of chess. (v. 強(qiáng)烈建議某人干某事) 40. chance (n. 機(jī)會(huì)) She chanced to be in when he called. (v

18、. 碰巧) 41. charge (v. 索價(jià)，收費(fèi)；指控；控告) Mother charged Alice to take good care of the baby. (v. 賦予……責(zé)任或義務(wù)) 42. clean (adj. 干凈的) I clean forgot about it (adv. 徹底地；完全地) 43. consume (vt. 消耗；消費(fèi)) The fire soon consumed the old wooden buildings in the neighborhood. (vt. 燒毀；毀滅) D 44. damage (v. &am

19、p; n. 損壞) He claimed $7000 damages from the taxi company. (n. 賠償金 (復(fù))=compensation) 45. dawn (n拂曉v. 破曉，天亮) The truth began to dawn on him. (v. 開始明白) 46. desert (n. 沙漠) He deserted his wife and children and went abroad. (v. 拋棄，離棄) 47. develop (v. 發(fā)展；開發(fā)；研制) Did you have the films develo

20、ped? (v. 沖印) develop a disease / a habit (v. 逐漸形成) Sure enough, most of the plants developed the disease. (vt. 患病；出現(xiàn)問(wèn)題) 48. difficult (adj. 困難的) (adj.難以取悅的，不易滿足的) He is a difficult man to contend with. 他是一個(gè)難對(duì)付的人。 49. dismiss. (v. 解雇，開除) He just laughed and dismissed my suggestion

21、as unrealistic. (v. 拒絕考慮 (某觀點(diǎn)等)) 50. drive (v. 駕駛) Hunger drove her to steal. (V. 迫使某人 (做不好或不快的事)) 51. divorce (v. 與某人離婚) You can’t divorce science from ethical questions. (v. 使分離；使脫離) 52. draw (v. 畫；拖；拉) What moral are we to draw from the story? (v. 獲得，取得，推斷出) E 53. engage (vt. 從事) A p

22、ersonal computer engages his interest now. (vt. 吸引) 54. excuse (n. 借口v. 原諒) He was excused from piano practice. (v. 免除某人的職責(zé)) 55. express (v. 表達(dá)) His express wish was that you should come here by air. (adj. 明確的) Is there an express from Nanjing to Shanghai? (n. 快車) 56. encourage (vt. 鼓勵(lì)；激勵(lì))

23、 Good health encourages clear thinking. (v. 促進(jìn)，助長(zhǎng)，刺激) 57. escape (v. 逃跑；逃脫) His name escapes me for the moment. (v. 被忘掉；被忽視) 58. explode (v. 爆炸爆裂) I'm about to explode! He broke my violin. (v. 勃然大怒；大發(fā)雷霆) 59. exploit (v. 開發(fā)；開采；剝削) You must exploit every opportunity to learn new

24、things. (v. 利用) F 60. fail (v. 失敗) Our water supply failed. (v. 不足；缺乏) He is failing in health. / His health is failing. (v. 衰退，衰弱) He failed to lend her a hand. (v. 未能) Words failed him. (vt. 使失望；有負(fù)于) 61. fill (v. 填滿) His answer did not fill our need. (vt. 滿足) 62. fine (adj. 美好的，很

25、棒的，晴朗的) There's a fine distinction between the meanings of the two words. (adj. 微妙的) The man will get a fine if he parks the car there. (n. 罰款) 63. fond (adj.自由的，喜歡的；慈愛的；深情的) Fond parents will spoil their child. (adj. 溺愛的) 64. force (vt. 強(qiáng)迫) The policeman forced the knife from the c

26、riminal's hand. (vt. 奪取) He forced a smile when he saw me. (vt. force a smile擠出笑容) 65. foreign (adj. 外國(guó)的；外交的) The subject is foreign to me. (adj. 不熟悉的) Telling lies is foreign to her nature. (adj. 和……格格不人) 66. form. (vt. 形成) I cannot form an opinion about it. (vt. 想出) 67. freeze (v.

27、結(jié)冰，凝固) Freeze! Or I'll shoot. (v. 不許動(dòng)) 68. fly (v. 飛；飛翔；飛彤n. 蒼蠅) The children flew to meet their mother. (v. 疾馳；疾行) 69. fresh (adj. 新鮮的) She is quite fresh to office work. (adj. 無(wú)經(jīng)驗(yàn)的) G 70. gain (v. 獲得；贏得) Don't worry. My watch gains. We still have time. (v. (鐘表)快) The ear gain

28、ed speed gradually. (vt. 增加 (速度，重量)) 71. ground (n. 地面) He has strong grounds for more money. (n. 理由) Did the police have reasonable grounds to arrest him? (同上) We oppose the bill, on the grounds that it discriminates against women. 72. glare (v. 怒目而視) The sun glared out of the blue sky.

29、(v. 發(fā)出刺眼的光) 73. govern (v. 管理；控制) The law of supply and demand governs the prices of goods. (vt. 影響；支配) 74. Grow up (長(zhǎng)大；成熟) A warm friendship grew up between the two men. (逐漸發(fā)展；形成) H 75. hit (vt. 擊中，打擊) The film Hero by Zhang Yimou is quite a hit of this year. (n. 成功；紅極一時(shí)的人或

30、事) 76. hold (vt. 握住，抓??；抱住) His promise still holds. (vi：適用，有效) I 77. ill (adj. 生病的) It's no good speaking ill of others. (adj. &adv. 壞的／地) 78. industry (n. 工業(yè)；產(chǎn)業(yè)) His success was due to industry. (n. 努力；勤勉) 79. interest (n. 興趣) Our family has an interest in the busi

31、ness. (n. 利益；股份) 80. invent (v. 發(fā)明) He invented an excuse for his being late. (v. 捏造，虛構(gòu)) 81. invite (v. 邀請(qǐng)) Don't leave the window open—it's inviting thieves to enter. (v. 吸引) The dishes are really inviting. (adj. 誘人的) 82. inspire (v：激勵(lì)；鼓舞) His best music was inspired by the me

32、mory of his mother. (v. 啟發(fā)) J 83. jam (n. 果醬) He jammed four apples in his pocket. (vt. 塞進(jìn)) The accident jammed the main road for2 hours. (vt. 堵塞) There are traffic jams every day on this road. (n. . 堵塞) 84. jump (v. & n. 跳) Last week the price of goods jumped. (n. / v. 大幅度上漲) 85. j

33、ust (adv. 正好；恰好) You are a just person. (adj. 公正的) K 86. kid (n. 小孩) Take it easy. I'm just kidding. (v. 開玩笑；欺騙) 87. kill (v. 殺掉；害死) That guy hangs around all day long, just killing time. (v. 消磨 (時(shí)間)) L 88. late (adj. 遲到的／地；晚的／地) She missed her late husband very much. (adj.

34、 已故的) 89. lecture (v. ／n. 講課；演講) Do stop lecturing me. (V. 訓(xùn)斥；教訓(xùn)) 90. lift (v. 拾高) Can you give me a lift? (n. 搭便車) His report gave us a lift. (n. 鼓舞) 91. lose (V. 失去；丟掉) Please hurry! My watch loses 10 minutes. (vi. (鐘表)慢 (與gain相對(duì))) 92. lot (n. 量，批) It is difficult for us

35、to find a parking lot outside some shopping centers. (n. 作某種用途的場(chǎng)地) 93. lay (vt. 放置；產(chǎn)卵；下蛋) The foundations of the house are being laid today. (v. 鋪；鋪設(shè)) 94. last (adj. 最后的) He is the last man I want to see. (adj. 最不可能的) M 95. marry (v. 結(jié)婚，與某人結(jié)婚) This poem marries theme and style well. (V.

36、 使緊密結(jié)合，使混為一體) 96. mean (v. 意思是，意味著) It's mean of you to eat up all the apples. (adj. 自私的，卑鄙的，吝嗇的) 97. mend (v. 修理；修補(bǔ)) The patient is still mending slowly after the operation. (v. 痊愈；改善) 98. message (n. 信息，口信) I'd like to see a film with a message. (n.教益，寓意). 99. might (modal v.

37、 或許) I use all my might to open the door. (n. 力量，權(quán)威) 100. multiply (乘；v. 乘以；繁殖) We can multiply our chances of success. (v. 成倍增加；迅速增加) N 101. note (n. 筆記) Learn the notes by heart. (n. 臺(tái)詞) I noted that her hands were dirty. (v. 注意，特別指出，提及) O 102. open (v. 開adj. 開著，打開的) They left th

38、e matter open. (adj. (問(wèn)題，議事等)未解決的)， 103. operate (Vi. 機(jī)器運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)工作；做手術(shù)) The medicine operated quickly. (vi. 起作用) P 105. part (n. 部分；零件，角色) In order to raise money, he had to part with some of his most treasured possessions. (v.分手；放棄；賣掉) 106. position (n. 位置；職位). What’s your position on t

39、he problem? (n. 立場(chǎng)；觀點(diǎn)) 107. promise (v. & n. 許諾) The dark clouds promise rain. (v. 有……的希望；使……有可能) He is the most promising actor I have ever seen. 108. pronounce (v. 發(fā)音) The judge pronounced against her appeal. (v. 宣稱；宣布；判決) 109. put up (建設(shè)；張貼) Could you put me up for the night? (留某人住宿)

40、 110. pick up (拾起，撿起；偶然發(fā)現(xiàn)；弄到手；聽到，得到 (情報(bào)，知識(shí))；康復(fù)，增加 (速度) Trains picked up the timber workers working in the forest farm every day. (用車接某人) The situation, however, is picking up gradually after a patch of bad time. (vi. 改善，好轉(zhuǎn)) 111. possess (擁有) A violent anger possessed him. (vt. (感情，情緒等)支配；控制)

41、 R 112. rate (n. 比率，速度) These potatoes rate among the best. (v. 對(duì)……作出評(píng)價(jià)；被認(rèn)為，被評(píng)價(jià)為) 113. read (v. 閱讀) I didn't read mother's thoughts at that time. (v. 理解；領(lǐng)會(huì)) 114. reflect (v. 映出；反射；表現(xiàn)) I need time to reflect on your offer. (v. 沉思；思考 (on / upon)) 115. round (prep. & adv. 環(huán)繞，

42、圍著adj. 圓形的) We are losing the game in the last round due t0 our complacency. (n. 回合；局；輪；) 116. recover (v. 恢復(fù)健康；痊愈) He almost fell, but succeeded in recovering himself. (v. 恢復(fù)；重新控制) 117. refresh (vt. 使恢復(fù)精力) Her words refreshed my memory. (、rt. 提醒；提示；使想起；重新斟滿；刷新) 118. relate (v. 與一有關(guān)；相關(guān))

43、I related my adventure to my family. (v. 講述) 119. remote (adj偏遠(yuǎn)的；偏僻的) He is a remote relative of mine. (adj. 關(guān)系較遠(yuǎn)的；遠(yuǎn)親的) 120. repair (熟義v. ／n. 修理) How can I repair the damage I have caused? (v. 補(bǔ)救；彌補(bǔ)) 121. respect (vt。／n尊敬；敬意) He has no respect for the feelings of others. (五重視；尊重；維護(hù)) 122. r

44、eview (vt. 復(fù)習(xí)) She reviewed what had happened. (vt. 回顧) S 123. safe (adj. 安全的) He is a safe man. You can count on him. (adj. 謹(jǐn)慎的；不冒險(xiǎn)的) 124. say (vt. 說(shuō)) Say that war breaks out, what will you do? (vt. 假定，顯示，表明) 125. see (vt.看到) This century has seen two world wars. (vt. 有……的經(jīng)驗(yàn)，經(jīng)歷，體驗(yàn)) 126.

45、 shoulder (n. 肩膀) Young people should learn to shoulder the duty / blame. (v. 承擔(dān)) 127. sound (n. 聲音) It is important to have a sound body. (adj. 健全的) My wife is a sound sleeper. (adj. 酣睡的) Your idea is very sound. (adj. 中肯的，合理的) We have come back safe and sound. (adj. 安全的) 128. spare (adj.

46、多余的；備用的；空余的v：吝惜；撥出，抽出) He spared the thief. (v. 饒?。环胚^(guò)) 129. spring (n. 春天；泉水) Fast food restaurants are springing up all over the city. (v. 猛然跳起；涌出) 130. steal (v. 偷) He stole a glance of her in the mirror. (v. 快速或偷偷地取得) 131. strength (n. 力氣) Maths is not my strength. (n. 強(qiáng)項(xiàng),優(yōu)點(diǎn)，優(yōu)勢(shì)) 132. s

47、ucceed (v. 成功) (v. 繼承) (v. 繼任) 134. surprise ( V. &t使驚訝，驚奇) Our troops surprised the enemy in the midnight. (v. 出奇不意地襲擊或發(fā)現(xiàn)) 135. sympathy (n.同情) Annie's sympathies lie firmly with the workers. (n. (p1.)贊同，支持) 136. satisfy (v. 使?jié)M意；使?jié)M足) She satisfied her hunger with an apple. (v. 滿足要

48、求或需要等) 137. subject (n. 話題) The child is subjected to colds. (adj. 易遭受…的) subject sb to sth=expose sb to sth 使遭受，使經(jīng)歷 T 138. tie (vt. 栓，系) They tied with the visiting team in the game. (vi. 打成平手) 139. twist (v. 使彎曲變形) (v. (道路，河流等)曲折；蜿蜒) 140. travel (v. / n. 旅行) The news traveled fast. (v

49、. 以某速度傳播) U 141. undertake (v. 承擔(dān)；從事) I can't undertake that you will make a profit. (v. 承諾；允諾；答應(yīng)) V 142. vote (n. &v. 投票，表決) I vote that we go home. (V. (口語(yǔ))建議) 143. vain (adj. 徒然的；徒勞的；無(wú)結(jié)果的) She is vain of her beauty. (adj. 自負(fù)的；自視過(guò)高的) W 144. walk (v. &n. 行走；步行) This socie

50、ty welcomes people from all walks of life. (n. 行業(yè) (walk of life)) He is walking his dog. (vt.溜) He walked the guests out. (vt. 送客) 145. wander (v. 漫游；游蕩；漫步) Don't wander from the point. (v. 離開原處或正道) Her thoughts wandered back to her youth. (V. 走神；神志恍惚；思想開小差) 146. wear (vt. 穿戴) The girl

51、 always wears a happy smile. (vt. 表露，流露，面帶等) 147. weight (v. 稱……的重量；重達(dá)) Please weigh the advantages and disadvantages of doing this! (v：權(quán)衡；斟酌) 148. weight (n. 重量) How much weight will be attached to his decision? (n. 分量，重要性) 149. will (modal v. 表將來(lái)或意愿) He showed great strength of will. (n. 意志力；意愿) Where there is a will, there is a way. (n. 意志力；意愿) What did it say in the will? (n. 遺囑) 專心---專注---專業(yè)