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1、名詞性從句在復(fù)合句中起詞名詞作用的句子叫名詞性從句 (Noun Clauses）。 名詞性從句的功能相當(dāng)于名詞，可分別作主句的主語、表語、賓語和同位語。因此，名詞性從句可分為主語從句、表語從句、賓語從句和同位從句。（一）引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的連接詞1）連接代詞： who, whose, whom, what, which有詞義，在從句中必須充當(dāng)句子成分，如主語、表語、賓語或定語等。2）連接副詞： when, where, why, how有詞義，在從句中必須充當(dāng)成分，只能作狀語。3）連接詞： that, whether, if, as if that 無詞義，在從句中不充當(dāng)成分，做賓語時可省略；if
2、 ，whether，as if雖有詞義，但在從句中不擔(dān)任成分。注意：連接代詞與連接副詞在句中不再是疑問詞，因而從句中謂語不用疑問式。連接代詞與連接副詞在從句充當(dāng)句子成分，連接詞whether 和if（是否），as if（好象）在從句中不充當(dāng)句子成分，只起連接作用。根據(jù)句義，如果連接代詞與連接副詞，whether、if 和as if都用不上時，才用that作連接詞（that本身無任何含義）。 4）連接代詞：whatever, whoever, whomever, whichever 5）語序名詞性從句都必須與陳述句語序相同，即“主語謂語”。（二）主語從句:在復(fù)合句中其語法作用是主語的句中，叫主語
3、從句。1）主語從句位于句首e.g. （1）That he finished writing the composition in such a short time surprised us all.（2）Whether we will go for an outing tomorrow remains unknown.(注意：不能把whether改為if， 因為if不能引導(dǎo)主語從句)（3）Whatever you did is right. （4）Who will be our monitor hasnt been decided yet.（5）What caused the acciden
4、t remains unknown.（6）Which of the two is better remains to be seen.（7）When we will start the work is important.2）為了避免句子頭重腳輕，用it作形式主語，主語從句放在句末。e.g. （1）It doesnt matter so much whether you will come or not. （2）It is true that he has made a very important discovery in chemistry.（3）It is a pity that we
5、wont be able to go to the south to spend our summer vacation.（4）Is it likely that it will rain in the evening ? 3）it 作形式主語的主語從句有時為了考慮句子平衡，通常在主語從句處使用形式主語it，而將真正的主語從句移至句末。這分四種情況：(1) 對于以連詞that引導(dǎo)的主語從句，通常用形式主語it替代主語從句： It is + 名詞 + 從句 It is a fact that 事實是； It is good news that 是好消息；It is a question that
6、 是個問題； It is common knowledge that 是常識類似的名詞還有：a pity；a wonder；a good thing； no wonder； surprise等。It is a mystery to me how it all happened. It is common knowledge that the whale is not a fish.It is no surprise that Bob should have won the game. It is +形容詞 + 從句It is necessary that 有必要； It is clear th
7、at 很清楚；It is likely that 很可能； It is important that 重要的是 類似的形容詞還有：strange; natural; obvious; true; good; wonderful; possible; unlikely; unusual; certain; evident; surprising; interesting; astonishing, etc.It is doubtful whether she will be able to come.It seems obvious that we can not go on like this
8、.It is necessary that you（should）master the computer. 需要注意的是這類主語從句中，謂語動詞很多為“（should）動詞原形”，即要用虛擬語氣。 It is +過去分詞 + 從句 It is said that 據(jù)說； It is reported that 據(jù)報道；It has been proved that 已證明； It must be proved that 必須指出類似的過去分詞還有：known; expected; believed; thought; hoped; required; suggested; demanded;
9、etc.例如：It is said that honesty is the best policy.It is said that thirteen is an unlucky number.It is reported that over 300 million people in China are suffering from near-sightedness.It is known to all that the earth is round. 高考題鏈接：1. It never occurred to me_you could succeed in persuading him to
10、 change his mind.(陜西高考)Awhich Bwhat Cthat Dif2. Its obvious to the students_they should get well prepared for their future.(天津卷)Aas Bthat Cwhich Dwhether3. _some people regard as a drawback is seen as a plug by many others.( 北京) AWhether BWhat CThat DHow4. It is uncertain_side effect the medicine wi
11、ll bring about，although about two thousand patients have taken it.(浙江)Athat Bhow Cwhat Dwhether（三）表語從句：在復(fù)合句中作表語的完整句子，位于be動詞或系動詞之后，說明主語是什么或者怎么樣。e.g. （1）The question was who could go there. （2）He has become what he wanted to be ten years ago. （3）She has remained where I stood yesterday for an hour. （4
12、）His suggestion is that we should stay calm.（5）It seems as if it is going to rain.（6）The question is whether the enemy is marching towards us. (注意：不能把whether改為if， 因為if不能引導(dǎo)表語從句)（7）What she couldnt understand was why fewer and fewer students showed interest in her lessons.（四）賓語從句：賓語從句在復(fù)合句中作賓語，引導(dǎo)賓語從句的連
13、詞that一般可省略。e.g. I hope (that) everything is all right.1）介詞之后的賓語從句，不可用which或if連接，要分別用what或 whether。e.g. Im interested in whether youve finished the work. Im interested in what youve said. 2）whether與if都可以引導(dǎo)賓語從句，常可互換，但下面情況不能互換。 賓語從句是否定句時，只用if，不用whether。e.g. I wonder if it doesnt rain.賓語從句中的whether 與or
14、not直接連用，就不能換成if。e.g. I dont know whether the report is true or not.注意：介詞后的賓語從句要用whether引導(dǎo)，whether 可與不定式連用。whether也可引導(dǎo)主語從句、表語從句、同位語從句，以上均不能換成if。但引導(dǎo)條件從句時，只能用if，而不能用whether。e.g. It depends on whether we have enough time.They dont know whether to go there. Please come to see me if you have time. （五）同位語從
15、句：在復(fù)合句中作某一抽象名詞的同位語，一般位于該名詞之后。（如：promise，message，doubt，belief，reason，possibility，conclusion，thought，order，question，problem，report，rumor，hope，truth，news，fact，idea，suggestion，evidence等）e.g. I have no idea when he will be back.The fact that he had not said anything surprised everybody.Ive come to the co
16、nclusion that it wont be wise to do so.有時為了保持句子的平衡，同位語從句有時和前面的名詞分開。The rumor spread that a new school would be built here.1）英語中引導(dǎo)同位語從句的詞通常有連詞what, who, that, whether等，連接副詞 how, when, where等。（注：if不能引導(dǎo)同位語從句。）2）連詞that引導(dǎo)同位語從句,不能省，且在從句中沒有任何意義，不充當(dāng)任何成分。The idea that you can do this work well without thinki
17、ng is quite wrong.3）連詞whether引導(dǎo)同位語從句 The question whether we should call in a specialist was answered by the family doctor. （注：if不能引導(dǎo)同位語從句）4）連接代詞what, who, whom, whose, which引導(dǎo)同位語從句1) I have no idea what size shoes she wears.2) I have no idea which wine is bestits a matter of personal taste. 3) The
18、question who will take his place is still not clear.5）連接副詞when, where, how, why引導(dǎo)同位語從句 We havent yet settled the question where we are going to spend our summer vacation.I have no idea when they will come .2015高考名詞性從句匯編( )1.【2015安徽】25. A ship in harbor is safe, but thats not _ ships are built for.A.
19、 what B. whom C. why D. when( )2.【2015福建】29.1 wonder_ Mary has kept her figure after all these years. By working out every day.A. whereB. how C. whyD. if( )3.【2015江蘇】25. _ Li Bai, a great Chinese poet, was born is known to the public, but some wont accept it.A. That B. Why C. Where D. How( )4.【2015陜
20、西】19. Reading her biography, I was lost in admiration for Doris Lessing had achieved in literature.A. what B. that C. why D. how( )5.【2015重慶】We must find out Karl is coming, so we can book a room for him.A.when B. how C. where D. why ( )6.【2015四川】8.The exhibition tells us we should do something to s
21、top air pollution.A.where B.why C.what D.which( )7.【2015北京】33.I truly believe _beauty comes from within.A. that B.where C. what D.why( )8.【2015北京】35._we understand things has a lot to do with what we feel.A. Where B.How C.Why D. When名詞性從句語法填空I read a report last night. It says _1_ a lot of people di
22、ed in _2_ traffic accident. But I forget _3_ the accident happened last Sunday. _4_ astonished me most is _5_ some babies lost _6_ lives. However, I dont know _7_ the government has taken some measures to deal with _8_. In my opinion, _9_ accident has taught us a lesson _10_we should obey the traffi
23、c rules.名詞性從句短文改錯考點針對性檢測1.That makes the book so extraordinary is the creative imagination of the writer.2. There is no doubt whether the future belongs to the young.3. I want to tell you is the deep love and respect I have for my parents.4. His father suggested that he went to Hangzhou to find jobs.5. It is not clear that it will rain or not.6. The question that you must answer is if you are determined to seek for your dream.7.As is known to all that without honesty, we cant others trust and friendship.8. News came where he had been admitted to a key university.
2015年高考英語 名詞性從句講與練
