牛津英語7B Unit 1-8語法匯總及練習(xí)(含答案)

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1、牛津英語7B unit1-8語法匯總及練習(xí)Unit1基數(shù)詞與序數(shù)詞一表示數(shù)量或數(shù)目多少的數(shù)詞叫做基數(shù)詞,可以在句中作主語、賓語、表語和定語。A、基數(shù)詞的構(gòu)成(1)0-12獨(dú)立成詞,一個一個單獨(dú)記。zero one two three four five six seven eight nine ten eleven twelve(2)1319teen來結(jié)尾,13.15和18,需要特殊記。thirteen fourteen fifteen sixteen seventeen eighteen nineteen(3)幾十以后+ty。特別注意20,30,40,50,80.的變化。twenty thi

2、rty forty fifty sixty seventy eighty ninety(4)幾十幾的情況,先說“幾十”,再說“幾”,中間加連字符。twenty-one(21) thirty-two(32) forty-three(43) fifty-four(54) sixty-five(65) (5)幾百幾十幾的情況,先說幾百注意“百”不能加s,百位數(shù)與十位數(shù)中間用and連接。one hundred and twenty-one(121) four hundred and fifty-six(456) (6)1,000以上,先從右往左數(shù),每三位數(shù)加“,”,第一個“,”前為thousand,第

3、二個“,”,前為million,然后一節(jié)一節(jié)的表示。five million one hundred and twenty-three thousand four hundred and fifty-six(5,123,456)注意:英語中沒有“萬”和“億”這兩個單位,只有“百萬(million)”和“十億(billion)”;因此“一萬”是用10個千,也就是“ten thousand”來表示的,“一億”是用“one hundred million”來表示的。B、基數(shù)詞的記憶口訣基數(shù)詞,不難記,找出規(guī)律很容易:零至十二形各異,一個一個單獨(dú)記。后加-teen為“十幾”,thirteen,fift

4、een看仔細(xì),eighteen只有一個t。表示“幾十”要加-ty,twenty,thirty是特例;forty,fifty更厲害,和eighty一起搞例外。表示數(shù)字“幾十幾”,連字符號要切記。要表“幾百幾”,and 常把百、十系;還有一點(diǎn)需注意,“幾百”后別把-s立。C、 基數(shù)詞的主要用法(1)與可數(shù)名詞連用,表示數(shù)量、重量、距離、價(jià)格等。He has four dogs.他有四只小狗。The school is three kilometers from my home.學(xué)校離我家三千米遠(yuǎn)。These oranges are 3 dollars.這些橙子共3美元。(2)表示年份 1758年

5、讀作:seventeen fifty-eight(3)表示年齡 The girl is fourteen.這女孩14歲。注意:ten-year-old girl 10歲的女孩 ,基數(shù)詞-year-old作形容詞,修飾名詞(4)表示加減法,用基數(shù)詞Five plus ten is fifteen.5加10等于15。(5) 基數(shù)詞可以用來表示時間。例如:7:30 seven thirty / half past seven6:45 six forty-five / a quarter to seven 8:00 eight oclock(6)基數(shù)詞可以用來表示事物的編號。例如:第209房間 Roo

6、m 209 第三部分 Section 3/Part 3南京路308號 308 Nanjing Road 電話號碼3698688 TEL 3698688(7)two hundred students基數(shù)詞百/千/百萬可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù) hundreds of students 百/千/百萬sof可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù) (8)翻到多少頁是page+基數(shù)詞二、表示事物順序的數(shù)詞叫做序數(shù)詞,作用相當(dāng)于名詞或形容詞,可作主語、賓語、定語和表語。A、序數(shù)詞的構(gòu)成(1) 一般在基數(shù)詞后加thfourfourth,thirteenthirteenth(2) 不規(guī)則變化 onefirst,twosecond,threethir

7、d,fivefifth,eighteighth, nineninth,twelvetwelfih(3) 以y結(jié)尾的十位整數(shù),變y為ie再加th twentytwentieth, fortyfortieth, ninetyninetieth(4) 從二十一后的“幾十幾”直至“幾百幾十幾”或“幾千幾百幾十幾”只將個位的基數(shù)詞變?yōu)?序數(shù)詞。twenty-first,two hundred and forty-fifth注意:一般來說,序數(shù)詞前要有定冠詞the,也可以是形容詞性物主代詞my, your等。B、基數(shù)詞變序數(shù)詞的口訣基變序,有規(guī)律,詞尾加上th一、二、三特殊記,結(jié)尾字母t,d,d(firs

8、t second third)八去t九去e(eighth ninth),ve要用f替(fifth twelfth)ty將y改成i,th前面有個e,若要碰到幾十幾,前用基來后用序。C、序數(shù)詞的縮寫first-1stfourth-4thseventh-7thtenth-10thsecond-2ndfifth-5theighth-8thtwenty-first-21stthird-3rdsixth-6thninth-9thseventieth-70th總結(jié):其中1st,2nd,3rd為特殊形式,其他的都是阿拉伯?dāng)?shù)字后加上th。D. 序數(shù)詞的用法(1)序數(shù)詞的前面一般要用定冠詞the表示第幾的意思。Y

9、ou are the second one to know the way. 你是第二個知道方法的人。(2)表示日期The summer holiday starts from the first of July.暑假從七月一日開始。(3)序數(shù)詞在名詞的前面經(jīng)常作定語修飾名詞,但是當(dāng)名詞的前面已經(jīng)有了物主代詞的時,序數(shù)詞的前面不再用定冠詞the。 例如:This is my third question. 這是我的第三個問題。(4)表示分?jǐn)?shù)的時候,分子用基數(shù)詞,分母用序數(shù)詞,當(dāng)分子大于1的時候,分母用復(fù)數(shù)形式。例如:2/5 two fifths(5)表示樓層I live on the elev

10、enth floor.我住在12層。注意:在英式英語中。建筑的樓層與街相齊的是一樓。注意:表日期、樓層的時候,序數(shù)詞前面要加上定冠詞the(6)表示順序Sandy always comes first in her class.桑迪總是她們班第一個到的。This is my first computer。這是我的第一臺電腦。(7) 表示編號的時候,經(jīng)常把基數(shù)詞放在名詞的前面表示順序,相當(dāng)于the序數(shù)詞名詞,也可以用“名詞+基數(shù)詞”。例如:Lesson Fivethe fifth lesson 第五課。 選擇題1. There are _ days in a year.2. A. three h

11、undreds and sixty five B. three hundred and sixty five 3. C. three hundred and sixty-five D. three hundred sixty-five4. How do you say 15,858?5. A. Fifteen thousands, eight hundred and fifty-eight 6. B. Fifteen thousand, eight hundreds and fifty eight.7. C. Fifteen thousand, eight hundred and fifty-

12、eight8. D. Fifteen thousand and eight hundred and fifty-eight. 9. Please turn to Page _ and look at the _ picture in this unit .A.twentieth ;one B. twenty ;one C. twentieth; first D Twenty ; first 5. _ people in Yangzhou went to see Liu Qians performance when he came there . A. Ten thousands B. Ten

13、thousands of C. Thousands D. Ten thousand 6. This is _ English class. I hope you can enjoy English . A. our the first B. The our first C. our first D .first the our 7. Wednesday is the _ day of a week.A. fifth B. fourth C. forth D. third8. _ tourists come to visit the Great Wall every year . A Milli

14、ons of B Million of C One million of D Millions9. Do you know Shijiu Lake well?Sure. This is my _ to visit the lake.A. three times B. the third time C. third time D. the three times10. How old is your daughter?_. We had a party for her _ birthday last Sunday.A. Twelve; twelfth B. Twelfth; twelve C.

15、Twelve; twelve D. Twelfth; twelfth11. -How many students are there in your school? -_.A. There are two thousands, two hundred and fifty-two B. There are two thousand, two hundred, fifty-twoC. There are two thousand, and two hundred fifty-two D. There are two thousand, two hundred and fifty-two 12. T

16、he Changjiang River is about_ .A. 6,300 kilometers long B. 6,300- kilometers- long C.6,300 -kilometer-long D. 6,300 kilometer long 13. They are reading _ lesson on Page _.A.thirteen; Thirteen B.thirteen; Thirteenth C.the thirteenth; Thirteen D.thirteenth; Thirteen14. One hundred thousand, two hundre

17、d and sixty is _.A.10,206 B.1,026 C.126 D.100,26015. I visited this city three years ago so this is my_ time here.A. first B. second C. third D. fourth16. 一How many hours do you sleep every night? 一About _ hours. From 9 ; 00 p. m. to 6 : 00 a. m.A. nine B. nineteen C. ninth D. ninety17. 一Have you he

18、ard of TFBOYS?Certainly. About _ teenagers love them very much in our school. A. hundreds B. two hundreds of C. two hundreds D. two hundred18. There are _ months in a year. December is the_month of a year. A. twelve; twelve B. twelfth; twelfth C. twelve; twelfth D. twelfth; twelve19. Please turn to

19、page_ and take a look at the picture on it.A. the eightieth B. eightieth C. eighties D. eighty20. How many friends will come to your _birthday party? About_ .A. twelve; twelfth B. twelveth ; twelve C. twelfth; twelve答案:CCDDCBACADACDBADCDB 23Unit2一般將來時一般將來時口訣一般將來時,將要發(fā)生事。謂語不一般,will加動原(動詞原形)。要變疑問句,will

20、放在主語前。否定句,也不難,will后面not添?!癰e going to”的用法口訣be going to, 表打算,準(zhǔn)備、計(jì)劃將干。表可能,有必然,通過現(xiàn)象來推斷。使用它,要注意,疑問形式be提前。否定句,更簡單,not放在be后邊。to之后,動原形,be的形式看人稱。下列詞,要注意,come go和離去(leave)進(jìn)行時,表將來,牢牢記住莫忘記。一般將來的概念:一般將來時表示將來某一時刻的發(fā)生動作或狀態(tài), 一般將來時或?qū)砟骋欢螘r間內(nèi)經(jīng)常的動作或狀態(tài)。一般將來時由助動詞 shall(第一人稱),will(第二、三人稱)+動詞原形構(gòu)成。will+V.原 美國英語則不管什么人稱,一律用wi

21、ll。 be going to形式可以在任何情況下使用。 shall 和 will 常??s寫成 ll ,緊接在主語之后。其否定式 shall not 和will not 的縮寫式分別為 shant 和 wont。 【中考要求】1熟練掌握一般將來時的構(gòu)成和基本用法。I will go to visit Disneyland next holiday.下個假期我將去參觀迪士尼樂園。Tom and Mike will visit Mr.Black tomorrow 湯姆和邁克明天要去拜訪布萊克先生。一般將來的構(gòu)成(一):肯定句:I/We shall/will go. You/He/She/They

22、Will go. 否定句:I/We shall/will not go. You/He/She/They Will not go. 疑問句:Shall I/we go? Will you/he/she/they go? 簡略回答:(肯)Yes,主語shall/will (否) No,主語 shall/will not 特殊疑問句:一般將來時的特殊疑問句是將特殊疑問詞放在句首,后接一般疑問句(就主語提問時,以疑問詞who開頭的疑問詞除外) - why will you be here on Sunday?(周日你為什么將要在這兒?) -I will have a meeting on Sunda

23、y(我將要在周日舉行一個聚會) (對特殊疑問句要進(jìn)行具體回答)否定句: We wont have two more classes after we put up the flag.一般疑問句:Will we have two more classes after we put up the flag?對劃線部分提問:How many classes will we have after we put up the flag?一般將來的構(gòu)成(二):肯定句:主語+(am, is , are )+going to do . 否定句:主語+ ( am, is , are )+not+ going t

24、o do 疑問句: (am, is , are) 主語+going to do簡略回答:(肯)Yes,主語 (am, is , are)(否) No,主語(am, is , are ) not 特殊疑問句:特殊疑問詞+一般疑問句。Were going to meet outside the school gate. 我們打算在校門口見面。否定句: We arent going to meet outside the school gate.一般疑問句: Are we going to meet outside the school gate?對劃線部分提問: Where are we goin

25、g to meet ?一般將來的構(gòu)成(三):表示位置轉(zhuǎn)移的動詞(如:go, come, leave, start, arrive等),可用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時表示將來時。如: 1. Uncle Wang is coming. 王叔叔就要來了。 2. Theyre leaving for Beijing. 他們即將前往北京。 一般將來的用法:1.將來:一般將來時表示將要發(fā)生的動作或情況。 例如:I will(shall) arrive tomorrow. 我明天到。 2.表示計(jì)劃、打算、準(zhǔn)備做的事。例如: We are going to put up a building here.我們打算在這里蓋一座樓

26、。 How are you going to spend your holidays?假期你準(zhǔn)備怎樣過? 3.在“祈使句+andor+句子”這個結(jié)構(gòu)中,“句子”用 一般將來時。Use your head and you will find a way用用腦子你就會找到方法。 Hurry up or we will be late for class.快點(diǎn)否則我們將遲到了。一般將來的標(biāo)志詞:tomorrow, the day after tomorrow, tomorrow morning/afternoon/evening next year/week/month/hour in+段時間 in

27、 the future this afternoon/Sunday/evening from now on one day, someday (未來的)某天 Soon Be going to 和will 的區(qū)別:1).Be going to 表示眼下要發(fā)生的事,will表示 的將來時間則較遠(yuǎn)一些:2).Be going to 表示根據(jù)主觀判斷將來肯定發(fā)生的事情,will 表示客觀上將來勢必發(fā)生的事情。3).Be going to 表示計(jì)劃的意思,will 表示客觀上將來勢必發(fā)生的事情。注意. 在時間、條件狀語從句中, 如果主句是將來時,用willI will come if it doesnt

28、 rain如果明天不下雨我就來。 You will call us as soon as you get to Hung Kong你一到香港就給我打電話好嗎?一、用括號中所給動詞的正確形式填空1. Who _ (sing) at the party tomorrow? Miss Wang is. 2. The children _ (have) a picnic this weekend. They are getting ready for it. 3. Follow me, please, or you _ (lose) your way. 4. _ Millie _ (go) shopp

29、ing with you? No, she wont. 5. There _ (be) a meeting this weekend. Do you know, Tina?6. _ he _ (play) basketball the day after tomorrow? Yes, he is. He is a member of our school basketball team. 7. Dont worry. The bus _ (come) soon. 8. The children _ (visit) the park tomorrow, arent they?9. _ we _

30、(go) to the park this afternoon? Good idea. 10. How long _ (take) to get there by bus tomorrow?二、單項(xiàng)選擇1. I am sorry I have no money with me. Dont worry. I _ it to you. A. am going to lendB. will lendC. lend D. lent2. Will there _ a volleyball match on Sunday? Yes. There _ two volleyball matches on th

31、at day. A. be; are going to be B. have; are going to beC. have; are going to have D. be; are going to have3. Which team do you think _ the match? _ Im not sure. The final match will be held next week. A. wonB. are going to winC. will winD. wins4. Hes going _ a doctor when he grows up. A. beB. beingC

32、. to beD. to do5. Do you know when Mrs White _ for dinner this evening? No, but I think she _ when she is free. A. will come; will come B. will come; comesC. comes; will come D. comes; comes6. Jack, with his friends, _ watch a film in the cinema tomorrow. A. is going toB. goes toC. are going toD. go

33、 to參考答案:1. is going to sing 2. will/are going to have 3. will lose4. Will; go 5. will/is going to be 6. Is; going to play7. is coming 8. are going to visit 9. Shall; go10. will; take .1-6 BACCAAUnit3名詞所有格和物主代詞一、名詞所有格名詞所有格用來表示人或物的所有和所屬關(guān)系,包括 s所有格和of所有格兩種形式。1.s所有格表示有生命的人或物的名詞所有格,單數(shù)名詞和不以s結(jié)尾的復(fù)數(shù)名詞通常在詞尾加“s

34、”。myelderbrothersbike我哥哥的自行車students books學(xué)生讀物【拓展】(1)如果所指人或物為兩個人或幾個人所共有,則只在最后一個名詞后加“s”。LilyandLucysmotherisadoctor.莉莉和露西的媽媽是一名醫(yī)生。(2)如果所指人或物為兩個人或幾個人各自所有,則應(yīng)在每個名詞后都加“s”。LilysandLucysmothersarebothdoctors.莉莉的媽媽和露西的媽媽都是醫(yī)生。2. of所有格無生命事物名詞的所屬關(guān)系,常用“of+名詞”來表示,即of所有格。thecapitalofChina中國的首都thenameoftheriver這條河

35、的名字二、物主代詞1. 物主代詞的定義及分類所謂物主代詞, 就是表示所有關(guān)系的代詞,即表示“我的”“你的”“他的/她的/它的”“我們的”“你們的”“他們的/她們的/它們的”的詞。物主代詞分為形容詞性物主代詞和名詞性物主代詞兩大類。其人稱及數(shù)的變化如下:(1)形容詞性物主代詞單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)第一人稱my我的our我們的第二人稱your你的your你們的第三人稱his他的, her她的, its它的their他們的/她們的/它們的(2)名詞性物主代詞單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)第一人稱mine我的ours我們的第二人稱yours你的yours你們的第三人稱his他的, hers她的, its它的theirs他們的/她們的/它

36、們的2. 物主代詞的用法(1)形容詞性物主代詞具有形容詞的特性,在句中用作定語,后面必須接名詞。Thisismybike. Yourbikeisoverthere.這是我的自行車。你的自行車在那邊。(2)名詞性物主代詞具有名詞的特性,后面不能再接名詞。它相當(dāng)于“形容詞性物主代詞+名詞”,在句中可作主語、賓語或表語。Excuseme, isthisnicekeyringyours? 打擾了,這個漂亮的鑰匙扣是你的嗎?(3)“of+名詞性物主代詞”可以作名詞的后置定語。Thegirlisafriendofhis.那個女孩是他的一個朋友。Unit4語法1:方位介詞用法解析介詞是表示句子結(jié)構(gòu)中詞與詞或

37、句子成分之間關(guān)系的一種虛詞。它是各地中考英語??嫉囊粋€詞類,所以大家一定要掌握好介詞的相關(guān)知識。常用介詞用法歌訣in在里面on在上,by和beside在近旁;above表示在上方,below恰好為反向。若表正上用over,under表示正下方。in front of表在前,反義behind在后面。從里穿過用through,表面通過across。進(jìn)到里面用into,落到上面用onto。from表示自何方,to和towards表朝向。小小介詞用處大,反復(fù)實(shí)踐掌握它。一、表示方位的介詞on意為“在的上面”;over意為“在(垂直)的正上方”;above意為“在(不一定垂直)的上方”;under意為“

38、在(垂直的)正下方”;below意為“在(不一定垂直)的下方”;near意為“在附近”;next to意為“緊挨著”;round / around意為“在周圍”;by意為“在旁邊”;表示兩者的位置關(guān)系時in表示“在同一區(qū)域內(nèi)或同一范圍內(nèi)”;on表示“接壤;相鄰”;to表示“相離;相隔”,兩者不屬同一范圍,也不接壤。介詞意 義例 句on在上His book is on the desk.under在下The football is under the chair.in在里There is a pencil case in the schoolbag.in front of在前There is a

39、 tree in front of the house.behind在后He is standing behind me.二、表示運(yùn)動方向的介詞 across意為“從表面穿過”,或沿某一條線的方向而進(jìn)行的動作;through意為 “從內(nèi)部穿過”,past和by表示“從旁邊經(jīng)過或路過”。如: Please be careful when you go _ the street. Look! The mosquito is trying to fly _ the window. We often go _ a bakery on our way to school.語法2:冠詞用法解析冠詞是一種虛

40、詞,放在名詞的前面,對名詞進(jìn)行限定。冠詞與名詞的關(guān)系密不可分,就好像“魚兒離不開水”一樣。冠詞分為不定冠詞、定冠詞兩種,它們在英語中使用率極高,也是歷年來中考的考查重點(diǎn)。冠詞分為不定冠詞a / an和定冠詞the,在具體使用時可分為用不定冠詞、定冠詞和不用冠詞三種情況。它的基本用法我們可以用以下口訣來記憶:泛指用a/ an,單數(shù)可數(shù);特指用the,不特不the?!咀ⅰ浚?)泛指用a / an,單數(shù)可數(shù)泛指的可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)前要用a / an。如:I want an apple.(2)特指用the如果是特指,那么無論是可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)、復(fù)數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞前均要用the。如:The pencil is mi

41、ne. / I dont like the pencils on the desk.(3)不特不the不特指則不用the,包括泛指的可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)前用a / an,泛指的可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)前不用冠詞,泛指的不可數(shù)名詞前也不用冠詞三種情況。如:I like monkeys. / I dont like bread.一、不定冠詞的基本用法1. 第一次提到的人或事物:2. 表示有某人或某物,但不具體說明是何人或何物:3. 表示一類人或事物中的任何一個:4. 雖然有“一”的含義,但不強(qiáng)調(diào)數(shù)量:5. 用于表示時間、長度、價(jià)格等的單位名詞前,表“每一”,相當(dāng)于every。6. 習(xí)慣用法:a few、a littl

42、e、a lot of、a number of、have a rest、take / have a look、make a face、in a hurry、for a while、記憶口訣不定冠詞a或an,表“一”但不強(qiáng)調(diào)“一”;人或事物首次提,單位名詞前“每一”;表示有人、有某物,何人何物不具體;強(qiáng)調(diào)類別任一個,習(xí)慣用法記心里。二、a和an用法巧記1. a用于輔音音素開頭的單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前,an用于元音音素開頭的單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前。注意:要看讀音是元音開頭還是輔音開頭,而不是根據(jù)字母。如_(一個小時),_(一把雨傘)等。如果名詞前有修飾語,那么用a還是an取決于該修飾語的第一個音素是輔音還是元音。如

43、:_(一本有用的書),_(一個誠實(shí)的男孩),_(一個不高興的女孩),_(一個不尋常的故事)等。2. a, e, i, o, 這四個元音字母,以及f, h, l, m, n, r, s, x這八個輔音字母單獨(dú)使用時,因其發(fā)音均以元音開頭,所以要用an。我們可以用一句話來概括前面用an的所有字母,Mr. Li has one fox.(李先生有一只狐貍。)3. 用8, 11, 18, 80, 800等阿拉伯?dāng)?shù)字組成的短語前要用an,其他用a。如:That is an eight-meter-wide bridge.He is only an 11-year-old boy.I had a talk

44、 with an 80-year-old man on the street yesterday.三、定冠詞的基本用法1. 用在“特指”談話雙方都知道的某個人或某些人或物前。如:2. 用在上文已提到的人或事物前。如:我能看見一只貓,那只貓是露西的。3. 用在世界上獨(dú)一無二的事物前。如:4. 用在序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級前。如:5. 用在由普通名詞構(gòu)成的專有名詞前。如:6. 用在一些習(xí)慣用語中或樂器名詞前。如:記憶口訣特指雙熟悉,上文已提及,世上獨(dú)一無二,序數(shù)最高級,某些專有名,習(xí)語及樂器。四、零冠詞的用法1. 名詞前已有作定語用的this, that, these, those, my, your

45、, his, her, our, their, some等限定詞時,不用冠詞。如:this eraser, her pencil-box, some boxes, those women等。2. 泛指的不可數(shù)名詞前一般不用冠詞。如:meat, rice, water, bread, tea, milk, juice等。3. 復(fù)數(shù)名詞表示泛指時,不用冠詞。如:The people in the room are doctors. 房間里的那些人是醫(yī)生。4. 在表示學(xué)科的名詞前一般不用冠詞。如:Chinese, English, maths, physics, history等。5. 在三餐飯和球

46、類運(yùn)動名詞前一般不加冠詞。如:have breakfast/ lunch/ supper, play basketball / football等。6. 在季節(jié)、節(jié)日、星期、月份前不用冠詞。如:autumn, summer, winter, spring, Teachers Day, Childrens Day, Sunday, February等。7. 在表顏色、語種和國家名詞前不用冠詞。如:white, brown, French, Australia等。8. 在表示稱呼語的名詞之前,以及職務(wù)、頭銜的名詞前不用冠詞。如:Doctor Green is a scientist. 格林博士是位

47、科學(xué)家。記憶口訣代詞限定名詞前,專有名詞不可數(shù),復(fù)數(shù)名詞表泛指,學(xué)科球類三餐飯,季節(jié)星期月份前,顏色語種和國名,稱呼習(xí)語及頭銜。五、有無定冠詞意思迥異 英語中有些名詞,如bed, class, hospital, school, church等,當(dāng)不強(qiáng)調(diào)這些詞所表示的場所,只強(qiáng)調(diào)它們的專門作用時,前面不帶定冠詞;否則要加定冠詞。如:1. at table在進(jìn)餐 at the table在桌旁2. at desk做讀書或做作業(yè) at the desk在書桌旁3. at school在上學(xué),在求學(xué)(是學(xué)生) at the school在學(xué)校里(不一定是學(xué)生)4. at sea在海上航行 at th

48、e sea在海邊5. in class在上課 in the class在班里6. in prison坐牢 in the prison在監(jiān)獄7. in bed臥床,睡覺 in the bed在床上8. in front of在的前面 in the front of在的前部9. go to bed去睡覺 go to the bed到床邊或床前10. go to hospital入院治療 go to the hospital去醫(yī)院(不一定是病人)11. go to church去教堂做禮拜、做禱告 go to the church去教堂(為了別的目的)12. go to school去上學(xué)(不強(qiáng)調(diào)場

49、所) go to the school到學(xué)校去(開家長會等)專項(xiàng)練習(xí)根據(jù)句意用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空A. 用適當(dāng)?shù)墓谠~填空,不需要的地方填 “/”。1. Shanghai is _ biggest city in _ China. 2. I like to play _ football, but he likes to play _ piano. 3. _ Greens will come to see you tomorrow.4. Do you want _ orange or _ tomato?5. I usually go out for _ walk in _ evening. 6. His

50、 father is _ English teacher and he works in _ middle school. B. 從方框中選擇適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空, 每詞限用一次。across, through, over, up, round, down, along, outside1. The cat is climbing _ the tree. It wants to catch the bird in the tree. 2. A thief got into my neighbours home _ the open window last night.3. Our plane is f

51、lying _ a mountain at the moment.4. My uncle is good at swimming. He can swim _ this river within five minutes. 5. The dog is running _ its master and barking. It must be very hungry. 6. Dont wait _ . Come in. It is so cold. 7. Lets go _ the hill now. The bus is waiting for us at the foot of the hil

52、l. 8. We usually take a walk _ the river after supper. 單項(xiàng)選擇1. Wolf Warriors II is such _ exciting film that I have seen it three times. A. AB. an C. theD. /2. Mr Wang is _ 80-year-old man and he lives on _ Eighth Street. A. a; theB. an; theC. an; /D. a; / 3. Can you see any birds _ the tree? No. But

53、 I can see some red apples _ the tree. A. in; onB. in; inC. in; aboveD. on; over4. After playing _ football, I feel thirsty. Now, I want to drink _ orange juice. A. /; /B. a; anC. the; /D. the; a5. Will you get there by _ underground? No, Ill take _ taxi. A. /; aB. a; theC. /; /D. the; a6. The boat

54、is going _ the bridge _ the river. Some students are walking _ the bridge. A. through; over; across B. through; across; overC. under; on; through D. below; above; across參考答案A.1.the; /2./; the3.The4.an; a5.a; the6. an; aB. 1. up 2. through 3. over 4. across5. round6. outside 7. down8. alongBCAAAA Uni

55、t5 -6一般過去時一般過去時表示過去某個時間發(fā)生的動作或狀態(tài);過去習(xí)慣性、經(jīng)常性的動作、行為;主語在過去時間段所具備的能力和性格。一般過去時句子最明顯的現(xiàn)象就是常由表達(dá)過去時間的副詞、副詞短語或從句來界定。“過去”的概念并不僅指如“yesterday, last week, ”等,實(shí)際上“與現(xiàn)在對立的過去”,亦即“非現(xiàn)在的以前”,哪怕是“過了說話時間的幾分鐘之前”,只要所要表達(dá)的時間與說話時的“現(xiàn)在”形成對立,就必須使用一般過去時來表達(dá)。例如:He was here only a few minutes ago.僅僅幾分鐘前他還在這里。I came home just now. 我剛回到家。

56、“this + 時間,today”等時間副詞常用于修飾一般現(xiàn)在時,但是只要句子的本意是“與說話時的現(xiàn)在”對立,即使句子中有“this + 時間,today”等時間副詞,也必須使用一般過去時。例如:I got up very early this morning.今天早晨我起床很早。He was late for school again today.今天他又遲到了。強(qiáng)化理解:1.一般過去時表示在過去某個特定時刻或時期所發(fā)生的事情,也可以表示過去習(xí)慣性、經(jīng)常性的動作。一般過去時只說明過去的事情,不強(qiáng)調(diào)動作對現(xiàn)在的影響。I had a word with Julia this morning.今天

57、早晨,我跟朱麗亞說了幾句話。 He smoked many cigarettes a day until he gave up.他沒有戒煙的那陣子,抽煙抽得可兇了。2.表示過去一段時間里經(jīng)?;蚍磸?fù)的動作,常與always,never等連用。Mrs. Peter always carried an umbrella.彼得太太過去老是帶著一把傘。(只是說明她過去的動作,不表明她現(xiàn)在是否常帶著傘)I never drank wine.我以前從不喝酒。(不涉及到現(xiàn)在,不說明現(xiàn)在是否喝酒)3.表示過去連續(xù)發(fā)生的動作時要用一般過去時。這種情況下句子中往往沒有表示過去的時間狀語,通過上下文來表示。The b

58、oy opened his eyes for a moment, looked at the captain, and then died.那男孩把眼睛張開了一會兒,看看船長,然后就去世了。4.有些句子雖然沒有表示過去的時間狀語,但實(shí)際上發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)是指過去,也要用一般過去時。這一點(diǎn)我們中國學(xué)生往往出錯,要特別注意!I didnt know you were in Paris.我不知道你在巴黎。(因?yàn)樵谡f話時,我已經(jīng)知道你在巴黎了。這句話指的是說話之前,所以只能用過去時表示。實(shí)際上,這句話暗指:But now I know you were here.)I thought you were ill.我以為你病了呢。(這句話應(yīng)是在說話之前我以為你病了,但是現(xiàn)在我知道你沒病)5.在談到已死去的人的情況時多用過去時。Lei Feng was a good soldier.雷鋒是個好戰(zhàn)士。6.一般過去時常與表示過去的時間狀語連用。大體可分為如下幾類:yesterday、the day before yesterday (前天)、the other day (前幾天)、in the old days (在過去的日子里)just now (剛才)、this morning/afternoon/eveningago (a while ago方才、

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