2013屆高考英語 考點(diǎn)語法歸納復(fù)習(xí)題10

2013高考英語考點(diǎn)語法單選超級歸納十、名詞性從句種類關(guān)聯(lián)詞例 句說 明主語從句連詞thatThat he will come and help you is certain.他來幫助你是確實(shí)無疑的。that在引導(dǎo)主語從句時(shí)不可省去whetherWhether there is life on the moon is an interesting question. 月球上有沒有生命是個有趣的問題。主語從句中只能用whether不可用if。連接代詞whowhatwhichwhateverWhat he wants to tell us is not clear. 他要跟我們說什么，還不清楚。Who will win the match is still unknown. 誰能贏得這場比賽還不得而知。主語從句放在句首，句子常顯得笨重，因此一般連接副詞whenwherewhyhowIt is known to us how he became a writer. 我們都知道他是如何成為一名作家的。Where the English evening will be held has not yet been announced. 英語晚會將在哪里舉行，還沒有宣布。把它移到句子后面，前面用引導(dǎo)詞“it”來作形式主語。賓語從句陳述意義thatI believe(that) he is honest. 我相信他是忠誠的。We must never think(that) we are good in everything while others are good in nothing. 我們決不能認(rèn)為自己什么都好，別人什么都不好。that在句中不擔(dān)任任何成分，在口語或非正式的文體中常被省去，但如從句是并列句時(shí),第二個分句前的that不可省。疑問意義ifwhetherI wonder whether he will come or not. 我想知道他來還是不來。Everything depends on whether we have enough money. 一切要看我們是否有足夠的錢。I dont know if(whether) it is interesting. 我不知道它是否有意思。He doesnt care if it isnt a fine day.他不在乎天氣是否好。whether常與or not連用，不能用if代替。作介詞賓語要用whether不能用if。從句是否定句時(shí)一般用if引導(dǎo)。特殊疑問意義who, whom,which,whose,what, when,where, why,how,whoever,whatever,whicheverPlease tell me what you want.請告訴我你需要什么？She always thinks of how she can work well. 她總是在想怎樣能把工作做好。She will give whoever needs help a warm support.凡需要幫助的人，她都會給予熱情的支持。賓語從句作及物動詞賓語也可做介詞的賓語。注1如果賓語從句后面有賓語補(bǔ)足語，則用it作形式賓語，將從句后置。We must make it clear that anyone who breaks the law will be punished. 我們必須認(rèn)清無論誰違反了法律都要受到懲罰。注2think,believe,imagine,suppose等動詞引出的賓語從句，要將從句中的否定形式，移到主句中。We dont think you are right. 我們認(rèn)為你不對。I dont believe he will do so. 我相信他不會這樣做的。表語從句連詞thatwhetheras ifThe problem is(that) they cant get here early enough. 問題是他們不能很早到達(dá)這里。It looks as if its going to rain.看起來天要下雨。在非正式的文體中that可以省去表語從句位于主句系動詞之后連接代詞whowhatwhichThats just what I want. 這正是我想要的。The question is who(which of you) will be the next speaker. 問題是誰（你們哪一位）接著發(fā)言。連接副詞whenwherewhyhowThis is where our problem lies.這就是我們的問題所在。That is why he didnt come to the meeting. 那就是他為什么不到會的原因。同位語從句由連詞that引導(dǎo)，不擔(dān)任成分，也可有when, how, where等引導(dǎo)。The news that he had landed on the moon spread all over the world.他曾在月球上登陸這個消息傳遍世界。I have no idea when he will come back home. 我不知道他什么時(shí)候回來。The thought came to him that Mary had probably fallen ill. 他想到可能瑪麗生病了。He must answer the question whether he agrees to it or not.他必須回答他是否同意此事這樣一個問題。同位語從句說明其前面的名詞的具體內(nèi)容，常用的名詞如：fact, news, idea, hope, thought,question, order, fear, doubt, word, proof， belief, story等。特別注意what的雙重功能：What was once regarded as impossible has now become a reality(what為“所的事”，相當(dāng)于“the thing that；all that；everything that”)After _ seemed a very long time，I opened my eye and found myself in bed（M ET'93） A.what B.when C.that D.which (what相當(dāng)于“the time that”，表示“時(shí)間”)He is not what he was a few years ago. Who is it that has made Fred what he is now？(what表示“的人”，相當(dāng)于“the person that”)What is now the North Sahara Desert was once a civilized world(what表示“的地方”，相當(dāng)于“the place that”)Our income is now double what it was ten years ago(what表示“的數(shù)目”，相當(dāng)于“the amount number that”)