《介詞關(guān)系代詞》PPT課件.ppt

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1、 Preposition +which / +whom ATTIBUTIVE: FOLLOW ME! 定語從句 Prep.+ whom which Tips that 關(guān)系副詞 when, where, why 和介詞 +which之間的關(guān)系 關(guān)系副詞 when, where, why可以用適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~ +which來替 代。如： when=in/on/at +which, where=in/on/at +which, why=for+which 。 介詞的位置 非常靈活，有時放在關(guān)系代詞之前，有時放在動詞之后。 1. I wont forget the date when(

2、 on which) I was born. 2. This is the room where (in which) I lived. = This is the room which I lived in. 3. I dont know the reason why (for which) he havent come today. 4. Tom still remembers the days when (in which) they lived in Tianjin. ! 注意 : 介詞 +which（指物 ),不可省 介詞 +whom （

3、指人 ),不可省 介詞后不用 who、 that The city which she lives in is far away. The man whom you spoke to is our headmaster. The farm on which we worked ten years ago is beautiful. This is the tree under which we used to play games. Hangzhou is the place where/to which I went last summer. I remember the day

4、 when/on which my father died. I was only ten years old at that time. 1. 介詞的確定方法 The money with which you were to buy dog food is gone. He will never forget the day on which he failed in the exam. 根據(jù)先行詞來確定 We thought you were a person from whom we could expect good decisions. The West Lake, f

5、or which Hangzhou is famous, is a beautiful place. 根據(jù)定語從句中的謂語動詞或形容詞確定 Air, without which man cant live, is really important. 根據(jù)定語從句所表達的意義來確定 The pen with which he is writing now was bought yesterday. 2. 介詞的位置 一般情況下，介詞放在關(guān)系代詞 which和 whom之前， 也可放在動詞后。 固定搭配的動詞短語中的介詞一般不能提前 . 常見的這類動詞短語有 : look f

6、or/after/forward to、 care for、 take care of、 hear of/about/from, 等 . This is the right place Im looking for. The girl whom he is looking after is his sister. 介詞 關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句 ,關(guān) 鍵是判斷 介詞的選擇 ,方法一是看從句 謂語部分 缺少什么介詞 (習(xí)慣搭配 ),再則 可以通過整個句子整體含義來判斷 ,結(jié) 合生活實際來判斷 . Tips 1. Do you like the book on which

7、 she spent $10? 2. Do you like the book for which she paid $10? 3. Do you like the book form which she learned a lot? 4. Do you like the book about which she often talks? 介詞 +關(guān)系代詞的使用 5. The man to whom I spoke on the phone last night is very good at writing. 6. Glasses, without which I cant s

8、ee clearly, are really important for me. 7. China is a beautiful country, of which we are proud. 8. Do you remember the day on which you joined our club? 1.The man ___________I shook hands just now is my daughters English teacher. 2.A desert is a great plain _________ nothing will grow. 3.He was t

9、he man ___________room the thief had stolen the bag. 4.This is my pair of glasses, ______________I cannot see clearly. with whom in which from whose without which This is the teacher whose daughter is a famous doctor. =This is the teacher the daughter of whom is a famous doctor. 1.名詞 +介詞 +關(guān)系代詞 We

10、 have three foreign teachers, two of whom are from Canada. 2.數(shù)詞 +介詞 +關(guān)系代詞 (含基數(shù)詞、序數(shù)詞、分?jǐn)?shù) 和百分?jǐn)?shù)） 3.代詞 +介詞 +關(guān)系代詞（代詞有 all、 both、 none、 neither、 either、 some、 any等） The old woman has two sons, both of whom are teachers. 4.形容詞最高級 +介詞 +關(guān)系代詞 China has thousands of islands, the largest of which is

11、 Taiwan Island. 5.介詞 +關(guān)系代詞 +名詞 He spent four years in college, during which time he studied medicine. 5.The girl _______________he spoke made no answer. 6.The factory produces half a million pairs of shoes every year, 80% _________are sold abroad. 7.They asked me a lot of questions, many _______

12、____ I couldnt answer. 8.Two men, ________________I had ever seen before, came into my office. 我以 前從未見過他們 neither of whom to whom of which of which 9.He got his first salary， ___________ he gave to his parents. 其中一半 10.Our country has many islands, ____________________is Taiwan. 其中最大的 11.The j

13、ourney around the world took the old sailor nine months, ________ the sailing time was 226 days. the largest of which half of which of which 介詞加關(guān)系代詞的基本用法 The man __________ you shook hands just now is our headmaster. The room __________ my family live used to be a garage. Did you find the pen ____

14、_____ I wrote just now? Did you find the paper ________ I wrote my letter? Did you find the composition ______ I wrote just now? with whom in which with which on which which The farm we worked ten years ago isnt what it used to be. He is the man you can turn for help. Th

15、is is the tree we used to play games. on which to whom under which on the farm 在農(nóng)場 turn to sb. for help 向某人求助 under the tree 在樹下 The sun gives us heat and light, _______________ we cant live. The student ___________ we were talking just now is the best student in our class. Ill

16、never forget the day __________ she said goodbye to me. Who can give me the reason ________ he hasnt turned up yet? without which about whom on which for which 1. The teacher_____ _____ I learnt most was Mrs Zhu. 2. This is the house____ ______ LuXun once lived. 3.The reason _____ ______ I

17、came here is that I want to get your help. 4. The fellow ___ _____ I spoke made no answer. 5. The West Lake, ____ _______ Hangzhou is famous ,is a beautiful place. from whom in which for which to whom for which Practice 1.Do you know who lives in the building ______ there

18、 is a well? A.in front of it B. in front of whose C.in front of which D.in front which 2.Ill never forget the day____I joined the League. A.on which B.in which C.which D.at which 3.The woman_____my brother spoke just now is my teacher. A. who B.to whom

19、C.to who D whom C A B 4.Jeanne was her old friend,____she borrowed a necklace. A.from who B.from whom C.to that D.to whom 5.His glasses,_____he was like a blind man,fell to the ground and broke its leg. A.which B.with which C.without which D.that 6.she is

20、a teacher of much knowledge,_____much can be learned. A.who B.that C. from which D.from whom B C D 7.He built a telescope___he could study the skies. A.in which B.with that C.through which D.by it 8.Do you know the reason____he was late? A.that

21、 B.which C.for what D.for which 9.I have bought two ballpens,____writes well. A.none of which B.neither of which C.none of them D.neither of them C D B 10.The Second World War_____millions of people were killed in 1945. A.during which B.in that C.where

22、D.on which 11.China has many rivers,____the Changjiang River is the longest. A.which B. in which C.among which D. one of which 12.This is the very knife_____I used to cut apples yesterday. A.that B.by which C.which D.with which A C D 13. The sp

23、eed____which you drive your car mustnt too high. 14. In the park there are many flowers,the colour _____ which is bright and nice. 15. The little girl is reading a book,_____which there are many pictures. 16. What were the things_______which he was not too sure? 17.They held a mee

24、ting,____which the hospital director made a speech. 18.The book,_____which he paid 6 yuan,is worth reading. at of in about at for 19.Is this the man____whose house the police found the lost coloured TV? 20.The villagers dug along tunnel_________which they could go to the fields withou

25、t being found by the Japanese soldiers. 21.Wu Dong,_____whom I went to the concert, enjoyed it very much. 22.The stories about Long March,_____which this is one example,are well written. in through with of I will never forget the day _____ I first went to school. 狀語 I will never forg

26、et the day __________ we spent in Beijing. 賓語 The house ____________ we visited is being repaired now. 賓語 The house ______ Luxun once lived is being repaired now. 狀語 when (which/that) (which/that) where The reason ____ he didnt come to school yesterday is that he was ill. The reason____________

27、he gave isnt believable. 賓語 why that whichx 1. This is all ____ I know about the matter. A. that B. what C. who D. whether 2. Is there anything else _____ you require? A. which B. that C. who D. what 考點一 :that 與 which 的區(qū)別 先行詞為 all,

28、little, much, everything, nothing, no ,something, anything等不 定代詞時，關(guān)系代詞用 that 4. He talked happily about the men and books _____ interested him greatly in the school. A. which B. that C. it D. whom 先行詞為人和物的組合，關(guān)系代詞用 that。 若主句中有疑問代詞 who 或 which，為了避免重復(fù) , 關(guān)系代詞用 that。

29、7. Which was the hotel _____ was recommended to you? A. that B. which C. where D. it 6. Is oxygen the only gas _____ helps fire burn? A. that B. / C. which D. it 先行詞被序數(shù)詞或最高級修飾，先行詞前有序數(shù)詞 (the first),形容詞最高級 (the best), the last, the very, the only 等時，關(guān)系代詞用 that。 5.

30、 The last place ___ we visited was the Great Wall. A. which B. that C. where D. it 1. 先行詞為 all, little, much, everything, nothing, something, anything等 不定代詞 . 2.先行詞被 all, little, much, every, no, 等修飾時。 3.先行詞被序數(shù)詞或最高級修飾，先行詞前有序數(shù)詞 (the first),形容詞最高級 (the best), the last, the very, th

31、e only 等時。 4. 先行詞為人和物的組合。 5.若主句中有疑問代詞 who 或者 which，為了避免重復(fù) , 關(guān)系代詞用 that。 只用 that的情況 : 考點一 :that 與 which 的區(qū)別 1. Jim passed the driving test, ______ surprised everybody in the office. A.which B that C this D.it 只用 which的情況 :1.逗號后面 2.介詞后面 2. The day ______ he was born wa

32、s Aug .20 ,1952. A on which B that C which D.this 一個句子 ,兩個定語從句 ,為避免重復(fù) ,一個用 that,另一 個用 which. Let me show you the novel that I borrowed from the library ____ was newly open to us. A that B which C where D as Anyone _____breaks the law is punished. Those _____ break the law are

33、punished. He _____ breaks the law is punished. 在 one, anyone, those 指人時一般用 “ who”。 he/she/I / they作先行詞時 , 用“ who” 代替 “ that”. 考點二 : that 與 who的區(qū)別 who who who 考點三 :介詞 +關(guān)系代詞 提醒 : 介詞 關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句 , 關(guān)鍵是判斷 介詞的選擇 . 方法一 :根據(jù)從句中 動詞 與 先行詞 習(xí)慣搭配 ； 方法二 :根據(jù)從句中動詞與先行詞的 邏輯關(guān)系。 注意： 關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作介詞賓語時，從句 常常由“

34、介詞 +關(guān)系代詞”引出。此時關(guān)系代詞只能用 which 或 whom; 不可用 that 或 who 代替。 1. The man with whom you shook hands just now is our headmaster. 2. The room in which my family live used to be a garage. The man is from Beijing University . I talked about him at the meeting. The man (who/whom/that) I talked about at the meet

35、ing is from Beijing University. =The man about whom I talked at the meeting is from Beijing University. 關(guān)系代詞緊跟在介詞后面時，不能用 that，也不能省 略，常用 which或 whom。該介詞通常可以放在關(guān)系代 詞之前，也可放在從句之尾。 但遇固定詞組時，介詞一般緊跟詞組主體，不作前置。 Is this the book (which/that) you are looking for ? 考點四： as與 which引導(dǎo)的定語從句 兩者均可引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，有時可

36、以互換 ,但 下列情況多用 as。 1.當(dāng)與 such或 the same、 so、 as連用時，一般用 as。 Such books as you tell me are interesting I have the same plan as you. 2.as 引導(dǎo)的從句可以放在句首 ,as本身有“正如 , 正 象 ” 之意，與之連用的詞有 know、 see、 expect、 Announce、 point out 等。 As we all know, the earth is round. 1. _____ Engels pointed out , labour

37、created man himself. A. Which B. That C. This D. As 2. They said they were French. _______wasnt true. A. Which B. That C. This D. As 3. The clock struck thirteen, _____ made everyone laugh. A. Which B. What C. That D. As 4. We do the same work _____

38、 they do. A. which B. as C. than D. like 考點五 :定語從句中主謂一致問題 定語從句中的動詞在人稱和數(shù)方面應(yīng)該與它的 先行 詞 保持一致。 1.I am not one who is afraid of difficulty 2.Don t choose me, who am not fit for this job 3. This is one of the best books ___. A. that have ever been written B. that has ever

39、been written C. that has written D. that have written 4. She is the only one of the girls ___ well in class. !! A. which sings B. who sing C. who sings D. who to sing 1. Is this factory ____ we visited last week? ! Is this the factory ____ we visited last we

40、ek? A.where B.that C.to which D.the one 解題關(guān)鍵：如果是疑問句式，將其轉(zhuǎn)化為陳述句式。 Exercises 2. Let me think of a proper situation ____ this sentence can be used. ! A.where B.that C.of whom D.which 先行詞是 situation, case, scene 時，且在定語從句 中作狀語時，一般用 where,最佳選擇則是 in which. D B A 15.Here are players from Japan, some of ____ are our old friends. Here are some players from Japan and some of ____ are our old friends. ! A. which B. that C. whom D. them 非限制性定語從句 并列句 C D Homework Summarize the rules of attributive clause.