高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí) 語法專項(xiàng)突破 專題6 定語從句課件 新人教版.ppt
走向高考 · 英語,路漫漫其修遠(yuǎn)兮 吾將上下而求索,人教版(課標(biāo)卷地區(qū)) · 高考總復(fù)習(xí),語法專項(xiàng)突破,第二部分,專題六 定語從句,第二部分,一、關(guān)系代詞who,whom,whose引導(dǎo)定語從句 1who和whom的用法。 (1)先行詞為one,ones,anyone,those指代人時(shí)。 The persons I want to talk about with you are Faye Wong and Li Yapeng,the ones who signed a divorce agreement on Friday in Urumqi. 我想和你談?wù)摰娜耸峭醴坪屠顏嗼i,他們于周五在烏魯木齊簽署離婚協(xié)議。,(2)在There be結(jié)構(gòu)中,修飾主語的定語從句宜用關(guān)系代詞who指代人。 There's a gentleman who wants to see you. 有位紳士想見你。 (3)一個(gè)句子中帶有兩個(gè)修飾人的定語從句,其中一個(gè)定語從句的關(guān)系代詞是that,另一個(gè)宜用who以避免重復(fù)。 The student that was praised at yesterday's meeting is the monitor who is very modest and works very hard. 昨天在會(huì)上受表?yè)P(yáng)的學(xué)生是班長(zhǎng),他非常謙虛、好學(xué)。,(4)當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞前面有介詞時(shí),只能用whom,關(guān)系代詞whom在定語從句中作介詞的賓語時(shí),介詞可放在后面,也可提前構(gòu)成介詞關(guān)系代詞whom(先行詞指人)結(jié)構(gòu)。 The settlement is home to nearly 1,000 people,many of whom left their village homes for a better life in the city. 這里居住著將近1, 000人,他們中的許多人都離開家鄉(xiāng)去城市追求更好的生活。,2whose的用法。 whose指人或物,作定語,表示“的”,可轉(zhuǎn)換為“of關(guān)系代詞”。關(guān)系代詞whose一般指人,表示“該人的”,也可指物,表示“該物的”,在以物為先行詞時(shí),可用of which代替,在從句中作定語。 The prize will go to the writer whose story shows the most imagination. 這個(gè)獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)會(huì)給作品最富有想象力的那位作家。,名師點(diǎn)撥 關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作主語時(shí),從句謂語動(dòng)詞的人稱和數(shù)要和先行詞保持一致。例如: Tom is one of the engineers who are sent abroad. 湯姆是派往國(guó)外的工程師之一。 Tom is the only one of the engineers who has come up with the solution. 湯姆就是唯一提出解決方案的那位工程師。,二、關(guān)系副詞when,where,why引導(dǎo)定語從句 1when的用法。 先行詞為“時(shí)間名詞”,可用when引導(dǎo)定語從句,when在定語從句中作狀語,也可用“介詞which”結(jié)構(gòu)代替。 The days are gone when physical strength was all you needed to make a living. 體力是你生存所需的日子一去不復(fù)返了。,2where的用法。 (1)先行詞是“地點(diǎn)名詞”,定語從句可用where引導(dǎo),where在從句中作狀語,也可用“介詞which”結(jié)構(gòu)代替。 A bank is the place where(in which)they lend you an umbrella in fair weather and ask for it back when it begins to rain. 銀行是一個(gè)晴好天氣借給你雨傘而雨天又要回雨傘的地方。,(2)如果定語從句修飾point,situation,part,condition和case等表示抽象意義的詞,常用where引導(dǎo),意思是“到了某種地步,在某種境況下”(前提是從句中缺少狀語)。 You reach a point where medicine can't help。 你到了藥物無法治療的地步。,3why的用法。 先行詞是表示原因的名詞reason時(shí),可以用why引導(dǎo)定語從句,why在定語從句中作原因狀語,可用for which替代。The reason why/for which he didn't attend the meeting was that he was ill. 他沒出席會(huì)議的原因是他生病了。,點(diǎn)津 當(dāng)way表示方法、方式作先行詞時(shí),如果后面的定語從句中缺少狀語時(shí),可以用that或in which引導(dǎo),也可以省略關(guān)系詞。如果定語從句中缺少賓語時(shí),要用that或which引導(dǎo),也可以省略關(guān)系詞。 I don't like the way that/in which/不填 he speaks to his mother. 我不喜歡他和他媽媽說話的方式。,三、介詞關(guān)系代詞的6個(gè)考查點(diǎn) 1考查定語從句中動(dòng)詞與介詞的搭配。 Wind power is an ancient source of energy to which we may return in the near future. 風(fēng)力是一種古老的能源,也許在不久的將來我們(人類)會(huì)再次使用它。 2考查形容詞與介詞的搭配習(xí)慣。 He referred to me some reference books with which I am not very familiar. 他要我去參考一些我不太熟悉的參考書。,3考查根據(jù)句意確定介詞。 I am looking for my glasses,without which I can't watch TV clearly. 我正在找我的眼鏡,沒有它我就看不清電視了。 4考查表示所屬關(guān)系的 of which/whom。 She showed the visitors around the museum,the construction of which had taken more than three years. 她帶領(lǐng)參觀者參觀了那個(gè)花了三年多時(shí)間才建成的博物館。,5考查表示整體與部分關(guān)系的of which/whom。 The buses,most of which were already full,were surrounded by an angry crowd. 公共汽車被憤怒的人群包圍著,其中的大部分已滿員了。 6考查表示同位關(guān)系的of which/whom。 She brought with her three friends,none of whom I had ever met before. 她帶來了她的三位朋友,我以前全沒見過。 名師點(diǎn)撥 選擇介詞3原則:根據(jù)句子意思表達(dá)的需要;根據(jù)從句中動(dòng)詞或形容詞與介詞的搭配習(xí)慣;根據(jù)先行詞和介詞的搭配習(xí)慣。,四、5組易混關(guān)系代詞的用法辨析,五、定語從句與其他從句的辨析,