高中英語必修3 - Unit 4單元訓練及解析

Unit 4(時間：40分鐘滿分：45分).單項填空(共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分)1I was trying to carry out the plan, but I failed.Well, you_， for we were uncertain it would do_.(2012江蘇揚州中學高三測試)Aneednt do that；in factBneednt have done；in effectCneednt have；in practiceDneednt；in time答案Cneednt have done 沒有必要做某事而做了，為避免重復，答語中可省略動詞，只保留助動詞have。in factin effect，實際上；in practice在實踐中；in time 及時；遲早。句意：我試圖實施這計劃，但我失敗了。哦，你本沒有必要那么做，因為我們不確定在實踐中它是否有效。2Tom has agreed to let me use his computer to surf the Internet, and_I m treating him to a good dinner at the newlybuilt restaurant just around the corner.Ain charge Bin placeCin return Din turn答案C考查介詞短語的辨析。in charge負責；掌管；in place在適當?shù)奈恢茫籭n return 做為回報；in turn反過來。句意：湯姆同意我讓我用他的電腦上網(wǎng)，做為回報，我要在拐角處新開的飯館請他好好吃一頓。3We should do what we have to do_we can do what we want to do in the future.Aso that Bin caseCfor fear that Dnow that答案A考查狀語從句的連接詞。so that 因此；以便于；in case 以防；萬一；for fear that 擔心；now that 既然。句意：我們應該做那些不得不做的事以便于我們將來能做那些我們想做的事。4The computer system_suddenly while he was searching for information on the Internet.(2012陜西西安市高三質檢)Abroke down Bbroke outCbroke up Dbroke in答案A考查動詞短語的辨析。break down 出故障；break out(戰(zhàn)爭、火災等)爆發(fā)；break up 解散；分手；break in 闖入。句意：他在網(wǎng)上查找信息時電腦系統(tǒng)突然壞了。5Chinese President Hu Jintao called for an immediate ceasefire in Libya_an even worse humanitarian crisis in the country at the BRICS Summit in Hainan Province.Ato prevent Bto have preventedCpreventing Dhaving prevented答案A考查動詞不定式作目的狀語。句意：在海南舉行的金磚四國會議上中國主席胡錦濤呼吁利比亞立即?；鹨员苊庖鸶鼑乐氐娜说乐髁x危機。6The school has developed an online system_ students can choose their own teachers.(2012山東省高考打靶卷)Awhich Bwhen Cthat Dwhere答案D考查定語從句的引導詞。先行詞為system，且在從句中作狀語，故用where引導。句意：學校研發(fā)了一個網(wǎng)絡系統(tǒng)，在這一系統(tǒng)中學生可以選擇自己的老師。7We are all surprised to see him drive a Benz.Who knows_he got so much money to afford it?Ahow Bwhere Cwhether Dwhat答案A考查賓語從句的引導詞。how表方式，符合句意及結構。句意：我們看到他開著奔馳都很吃驚。誰知道他是怎么掙到那么多錢的？8The discussion was held in a lively_with members talking freely to each other.Aatmosphere BweatherCsituation Dphenomenon答案A考查名詞詞義的辨析。atmosphere氣氛；氛圍； weather 天氣； situation情形；狀況； phenomenon現(xiàn)象。句意：討論在熱烈的氣氛中進行，成員自由地相互討論。9Give yourself 10% of_is left for your work and let me have the rest.Awhich Bthat Cwhat Dwhere答案C考查賓語從句的引導詞。從句中缺少主語應用what 引導。句意：你做剩余工作的10%，讓我做其他的。10We rent a beach house with two small rooms，_can serve as a kitchen.Athe smaller of whichBa smaller of whichCthe smaller of themDsmaller of that答案A考查定語從句的引導詞。先行詞為rooms，應用which引導；“the 比較級”表示兩者之中“較的那一個”。句意：我們租了一座有兩個房間的海濱房，其中較小的那個房間可用作廚房。11The manager had fallen asleep where he_，without undressing.(2012安徽合肥八中高三月考)Awas laying Bwas lyingChad laid Dhad lied答案B考查動詞辨析。lay放置；擱；產卵，其過去式、過去分詞為laid，laid；lie 躺，其過去式、過去分詞分別為lay，lain；lie說謊，其過去式、過去分詞為lied，lied。句意：經理沒脫衣服就在他躺著的地方睡著了。12Sorry, Im late for work.Is that_you got stuck in a traffic jam again?Awhy Bhow Cbecause Dwhen答案C考查句型的辨析運用。This/That/It is because.那是因為，從句表示原因；This/That/It is why.那就是原因，從句表示結果。由語境可知C項正確。句意：對不起我上班晚了。那是因為你遇上了交通堵塞嗎？13Newyborn babies are good sleepers. The amount of their sleep is_that of adults.Aseveral times larger thanBa few times the size ofCas several times asDa few times deeper than答案A考查比較級的用法。倍數(shù)的表達法之一是“倍數(shù)比較級than”，句子主語為the amount，表示數(shù)量，故應用large 或small來修飾，故A項正確。句意：新生嬰兒睡眠很好。他們的睡眠時間是成年人的好幾倍。14The two girls are so alike that strangers find_difficult to tell one from the other.Ait Bthem Cher Dthat答案A考查it作形式賓語。該句中find賓語為to tell one from the other。句意：那兩個女孩長得那么像以至于陌生人發(fā)現(xiàn)很難把他們分開來。15Im not good at singing ，you know._Its just for fun.ADont say so. BCome on.CWhat a pity! DCheer up.答案B考查情景交際。Dont say so.不要這樣說。不符合情景交際的特點； Come on.得了吧；來吧； What a pity! 真可惜！真遺憾！ Cheer up振作點。答語句意：來吧！我們只是玩。.完形填空(共20小題；每小題1分，滿分20分)Have you ever come across this thing？When a rather dirty，poorly dressed person kneels at your feet and reaches out his hands to beg for a few coins，do you hurry to go，not knowing what to do，or do you feel sad and hurriedly _16_ some money？What should our attitude _17_ beggars be？There can be _18_ question that the world is full of terribly sad stories.It _19_ be terrible to have no idea where our next meal is going to come from.It seems _20_ not to give some money to beggars._21_，most of the worlds great religions order us to be openhearted and _22_ what we have with those luckier than ourselves.But has the world changed？Maybe what was morally right in the old days，_23_ one knew exactly who in the village had suffered misfortune and needed help，is no longer the best idea.Quite a few people will not give some money to beggars.Let us look at their _24_.Firstly，some believe that many city beggars dress themselves up _25_ to look pitiable but actually make a good _26_.Giving something to beggars only encourages this sort of evil(惡行)_27_，there is the worry that the money you give will be spent on beers，wines or drugs.Thirdly，there is the opinion _28_ there is no real excuse for begging.One might be poor，_29_ that is no reason for losing ones sense of _30_ and selfdependence.Related to this is the opinion that the problem should be handled by the government _31_ ordinary people.Some people think beggars should go to the local government department and _32_ help.It is hard to come to any final conclusion：there are various _33_ and we must _34_ them differently.A few coins can save a life in some situations，and even if the money is wasted，that does not take away the moral goodness of the _35_.【解題導語】 當你在路上遇到一個人伸手向你乞討時，你會怎么做呢？雖然很多人富于同情心而給予那個人幫助，但也有人認為我們應該區(qū)別對待向我們乞討的人。16A.put away Bhand over Ctake in Dget out答案Bput away意為“把收起來放好”；hand over意為“把交給”；take in意為“吸入；欺騙”；get out意為“泄露”。根據(jù)文章的意思可知B項是正確答案。此處表示感覺很難過并急忙遞過去一些錢。17A.at Bin Cover Dtowards答案D考查固定搭配。attitude和towards是固定搭配。18A.no Bsome Cany Dnot答案A考查語境。根據(jù)句意可知，此處表示世界充滿悲慘故事這是毫無疑問的。所以只能選A。19A.must Bcan Cneed Dmight答案A考查情態(tài)動詞表推測的用法。本句是肯定句，所以can不合適。而根據(jù)句意可知，當你不知道你的下一頓飯在何方時，那生活肯定是非常悲慘的，所以要選擇must。might表示可能性非常??；need不符合語境。20A.warmhearted BgenerousCcruel Dconsiderate答案C考查上下文的理解。根據(jù)上下文語境可知此處選C。cruel意為“殘忍的”。21A.Strangely BUnluckily CCertainly DSurprisingly答案C考查語境。這里表示肯定的意思，故選C。22A.give Bdonate Cshare Dcontribute答案C考查語境與固定短語。share.with.意為“共同承擔，分享”，是固定搭配。23A.why Bwhen Cwhat Dhow答案B考查定語從句。此處先行詞為the old days，故用關系副詞when。24A.arguments BquarrelsCsayings Dtalks答案A考查名詞的辨析。argument意為“論點”；quarrel意為“爭吵，拌嘴”；saying意為“格言”；talk意為“交談”。根據(jù)句子意思可知A項是正確答案。25A.on show Bon purposeCfor fun Dby accident答案B考查固定短語。根據(jù)語境可知選B。on show意為“在展出中”；on purpose意為“故意，有意地”；for fun意為“為了消遣”；by accident意為“偶然”。26A.money Bcomfort Cliving Ddecision答案C考查固定短語。make a living是固定搭配，意為“謀生，養(yǎng)活自己”，符合句意。27A.Secondly BSurely CPossibly DThen答案A考查上下文語境。根據(jù)上文中的Firstly以及后面的Thirdly可知此處選A。28A.what Bwhether Cthat Dwhich答案C考查語法知識。the opinion后接的是that引導的同位語從句，用來解釋說明前面的名詞opinion的具體內容。29A.and Bbut Chowever Dalthough答案B考查句意和句子的邏輯關系。根據(jù)句意可知，此處為轉折關系，所以用but，而however是副詞，不能連接句子。30A.goodness BprideCsecurity Dresponsibility答案B根據(jù)句意可知，此處表示一個人可以貧困，但是不能失去自尊和自立。31A.rather than Bor ratherCother than Dbut also答案A考查固定短語。rather than意為“而不是”，符合題意 。or rather意為“更確切地說”，表示進一步說明；other than意為“除以外”；but also一般和not only連用，意為“不但而且”。32A.produce Breceive Cearn Doffer答案B考查語境中動詞的辨析。receive help指客觀上得到幫助。句意：乞丐應該找政府部門尋求幫助。33A.cases Bevents Cconditions Dstates答案A考查語境。case在這里表示“具體情況，實例”，而condition表示“情況”時是不可數(shù)名詞，作可數(shù)名詞時意為“條件”。34A.go with Bcommunicate withCdeal with Dmeet with答案C考查語境與短語辨析。deal with“處理”符合句意。go with意為“與某物相配”；communicate with意為“與交流”；meet with意為“遭遇”。35A.giver BreceiverCvillager Dgovernment答案A考查語境。根據(jù)句意可知，即使錢浪費了，給予者的善良是不可磨滅的。.閱讀理解(共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分)Yi Suoyeon, an engineer from Seoul, returned to Earth on Saturday after 11 days aboard the International Space Station (ISS), along with Russian cosmonaut Yuri Malenchenko and US astronaut Peggy Whitson.A technical problem turned a routine (常規(guī)) return to Earth into a sharper than usual descent (下降) that tested the group members stamina and courage. They landed in the Kazakh steppes ( 大草原) about 420km (260 miles) wide of their target.“During the descent there was some kind of fire outside the Soyuz capsule because we were going through the atmosphere，” Yi said.“At first I was afraid, but the two other guys looked okay, so I tried to look okay too.”Yi smiled and joked her way through a 10minute news briefing at Star City, the wooded Sovietera cosmonaut training centre on the edge of Moscow. However, Malenchenko and Whitson looked tired and thin after nearly six months in space. Their answers were short and Whitson needed support to balance when she walked.The 29yearold Yi has become famous in South Korea since the takeoff but she brushed this aside and said she has had little contact with friends or family since returning. “In fact, they are the heroes right now，” Yi said, referring to Malenchenko and Whitson. “Im just a beginner and a little ashamed to say that I am a hero.” She did, though, relate a more lighthearted incident on the ISS.“I sang Fly Me to the Moon” Yi said about the 1950s pop song. “Its my favorite song from university although at that time I didnt know I would be an astronaut.” The capsules socalled “ballistic” reentering made the group members face twice the usual pull from the centre of the earth. The flames Yi described may have been caused by friction (摩擦) heating the capsule as it fell through the atmosphere.Whitson told reporters that Saturdays ballistic landing, was irregular but not an emergency.“The Soyuz has been through its history very reliable and there has obviously been some issue in the last couple of descents which went ballistic, but Im sure the engineers will determine what the problems are and get them fixed，” she said.In October, a Soyuz capsule carrying Malaysias first space tourist touched down about 200 km (125 miles) off_course in a similar ballistic landing caused by a technical problem.The Soyuz is the worlds longestserving manned space capsule. An early version of the craft, the Vostok, carried the first person into space in 1961.Whitson, 48, has become the American with the longest amount of time in space with 377 days.【解題導語】 本文講述Yi Suoyeon與另外兩名宇航員在太空站11天后返回的不平凡經歷。36Whats the main idea of the passage? AFlight in space is very dangerous.BNot everybody can go into space.CFearful landing tests the Korean astronaut.DYi didnt know she would be an astronaut when she was young.答案C主旨大意題。令人恐懼的著陸讓進入太空的韓國宇航員經受了一次考驗。37The reason why Yi Suoyeon felt afraid at first was that_.Aa fire was caused by the frictionBshe had no such experience beforeCshe was not brave enoughDthe other two didnt help her答案B細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第六段推理得出， Yi開始時恐懼的原因是以前沒有過這種經歷。38From the passage, we can learn that_.AYi Suoyeon, a space tourist came from South KoreaBWhitson became energetic when they landed on earthCthe two other guys were not afraid during the descentDthe Soyuz, an unmanned space capsule, had a long history答案C由“At first I was afraid, but the two other guys looked okay，.”判斷得出答案。39The underlined phrase in this passage means_.Aout of work Bout of controlCin the wrong direction Din danger答案C詞意猜測題。off course偏離軌道。40We can conclude from this passage that_.Aexperience is very important for astronauts to ensure safetyBYi Suoyeon will never return to the space stationCpeople are not willing to experience the space flightDwe should draw a lesson from the accident答案A推理判斷題。有上下文推理可得：飛行員的經驗在旅途中能夠對安全起很大作用。寫作素材集錦句子It is hard to come to any final conclusion：there are various cases and we must deal with them differently.A few coins can save a life in some situations，and even if the money is wasted，that does not take away the moral goodness of the giver.很難得出任何最后的結論：有各種各樣的情況，我們必須區(qū)別對待。有時候幾個硬幣可以挽救一個生命，而且即使這些錢被浪費了，給予者的善良也是不可磨滅的。8