高中英語必修1 - Unit 3單元訓(xùn)練及解析

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Unit 3 (時(shí)間：30分鐘　滿分：40分) Ⅰ.單項(xiàng)填空(共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分) 1．She seems to prefer________American TV Shows to talking to me. (2012北京東城區(qū)高三綜合練習(xí)) A．to watch B．to be watching C．watching D．having watched 答案　C　[考查短語的搭配。prefer ...to ... 比起……來更喜歡……，可用于該短語中的詞為 介詞、名詞或動(dòng)名詞。句意：比起和我說話來，她好像更喜歡看美國電視劇。] 2．People who get less than six hours of sleep per night have an increased________of dying early. A．custom B．practice C．disadvantage D．risk 答案　D　[考查名詞詞義的辨析。custom習(xí)俗；習(xí)慣；practice練習(xí)； disadvantage不利條 件；不便之處； risk冒險(xiǎn)。由語境可知D項(xiàng)正確。句意：每晚睡覺不足六個(gè)小時(shí)的人有更大 的早亡的危險(xiǎn)。] 3．—This dress was last years style. —I think it still looks perfect________it has gone out this year. A．so that B．even though C．a(chǎn)s if D．ever since 答案　B　[考查連詞的使用。so that 以便于；因此引導(dǎo)目的或結(jié)果狀語從句；.even though 即使；盡管，引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句；as if 仿佛；好像，引導(dǎo)方式狀語從句； ever since從…… 以來，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句。由句子語境可知B項(xiàng)正確。句意：——這件衣服是去年的款式。 ——我認(rèn)為即便它今年過時(shí)了它看上去仍然很完美。] 4．—Mom, Im going to the graduation dance tonight but I dont think I look attractive enough. —Oh, darling, dont worry. ________.(2012江蘇鹽城中學(xué)高三模擬) A．They dont know what beauty is B．Nobody will care about it C．You look perfect the way you are D．Impossible is nothing 答案　C　[考查情景交際。由答語中的Oh, darling, don t worry. 可知，媽媽是在安慰并鼓勵(lì)自己的女兒，故C項(xiàng)正確。A項(xiàng)“他們不知道什么才是美?！焙虰項(xiàng)“沒有人會(huì)在乎的?！辈环? 合情景交際的特點(diǎn)。句意：——媽媽，今天晚上我去參加畢業(yè)舞會(huì)，但我覺得不夠吸引人。 ——噢，寶貝，不要擔(dān)心，你的穿戴方式看上去很完美。] 5．________to give up smoking, he threw away his________cigarettes. A．Determined; remained B．Determined; remaining C．Determining; remained D．Determining; remaining 答案　B　[考查非謂語動(dòng)詞的用法。be determined to do sth意為決定干某事，表示狀態(tài)，作 狀語時(shí)常常省略be動(dòng)詞；remain為不及物動(dòng)詞，無被動(dòng)形式，常用remaining“剩余的”作定 語。句意：他決定戒煙后就把剩余的煙全扔了。] 6．—How often do you eat out with your friends? —________， but usually once a week.(2012山西高三考前適應(yīng)性訓(xùn)練) A．Ive no idea B．As usual C．It depends D．Generally speaking 答案　C　[考查情景交際。Ive no idea 我不知道；as usual像往常一樣；it depends視情況而 定；generally speaking一般來說。由答語中的but usually once a week可知C項(xiàng)正確。] 7．She brought with her three friends, none of________I had ever met before. A．them B．who C．whom D．these 答案　C　[考查定語從句。whom引導(dǎo)定語從句并在從句中作賓語。句意：她領(lǐng)了三個(gè)朋友 來，這三個(gè)人我一個(gè)也不認(rèn)識(shí)。] 8．—Can you help me with the maths homework，mom? —You cant always ________others help for your homework. Do it by yourself this time, Dear. A．wait on B．rely on C．insist on D．turn on 答案　B　[考查動(dòng)詞短語的辨析。wait on 服侍；等待；rely on 依賴，依靠； insist on 堅(jiān) 持；turn on打開(開關(guān)等)。由語境可知B項(xiàng)正確。句意：——媽媽，您能幫我做數(shù)學(xué)作業(yè)嗎？ ——寶貝，你不能總是靠別人幫你做作業(yè)，這一次你要自己做。] 9．It was on November 15, 2010________a big fire happened in Shanghai，________was a great shock to lots of people.(2012安徽安慶市高三模擬) A．when; that B．that; when C．which; when D．that; which 答案　D　[考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句與定語從句。第一空為強(qiáng)調(diào)句，用that 引導(dǎo)；第二空為非限制性定語 從句的引導(dǎo)詞，且在從句中作主語，故應(yīng)用which引導(dǎo)。句意：那是在2010年11月15號(hào)上 海發(fā)生了一場(chǎng)大火，這場(chǎng)大火震驚了許多人。] 10．Generally speaking, my grandmother is nice and kind, but she________be very stubborn at times. A．should 　 B．shall　 C．must 　 　 D．can 答案　D　[考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表推測(cè)的用法。must表推測(cè)常用于肯定句，意為“一定是”；can表 推測(cè)常用于疑問句和否定句，用于肯定句中時(shí)表示“有時(shí)候會(huì)……”。句意：總的來說我奶奶 是一個(gè)友好而善良的人，但有時(shí)候她也固執(zhí)。] 11．—What can I offer you? Coffee, tea, orange juice, iced water...? —________. A．Yes, please. Thank you B．I dont care. Whatever C．Go ahead.None of my business D．Dont worry. Too much trouble 答案　B　[考查情景交際。問句中提到了可供選擇的好幾樣飲料，由此可知B項(xiàng)正確。句意： ——您想喝點(diǎn)什么？咖啡、茶、橘汁、冰水還是……？——我不在乎，什么都行。] 12．The earthquake in Japan, measuring 9.0 on the Richter Scale, was so violent________ cause a series of explosions of the nuclear reactors in several power stations. (2012浙江金華高三五校聯(lián)考) A．to B．that C．a(chǎn)s to D．a(chǎn)s that 答案　C　[考查句型的使用。so...as to 如此……以至于……。句意：發(fā)生在日本的里氏9.0 級(jí)地震如此強(qiáng)烈以至于導(dǎo)致好幾個(gè)核電站一系列核反應(yīng)堆的爆炸。] 13．—I hear Caroline has gone to New Zealand for her holiday. —Oh, how nice! Do you know when she________？ A．was leaving B．had left C．has left D．left 答案　D　[考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。由第一句中的的has gone to New Zealand可知，Caroline去了還 沒有回來，故“離開”這一動(dòng)作應(yīng)發(fā)生在過去。句意：——我聽說Caroline 去新西蘭度假了。 ——噢，太好了！你知道她什么時(shí)候離開的嗎？] 14．—Ready to quit guessing, Sandy? —No, no, I hold on! I think I________to the answer. A．come B．have come C．came D．a(chǎn)m coming 答案　D　[考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。由句中的quit及hold on可知D項(xiàng)正確。句意：——Sandy，你要 放棄再猜嗎？——不，我要堅(jiān)持。我認(rèn)為快得到答案了。] 15．Go to bed early and have a good rest or your actions will give you________tomorrow. A．a(chǎn)way B．up C．in D．back 答案　A　[考查動(dòng)詞短語的搭配。give away 泄露，暴露；give up放棄； give in 屈服，讓 步； give back歸還。句意：早點(diǎn)上床好好休息一下，要不然明天你的表現(xiàn)就會(huì)暴露出來的。] Ⅱ.閱讀理解(共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分) You cant fool a honeybee Just as the smell of good food appeals to us，the fragrant(芬芳的)smell of flowers，as well as their colors and shapes，attracts honeybees to collect nectar(花蜜)and thus carry out the cross pollination(授粉)needed for plants to reproduce. But for plants，nectar production is costly—it requires vital energy and nutrients，so some plants try to cheat honeybees out of their food rewards by using the same attractive smells falsely to advertise poor quality nectar，or even none at all. Is it possible that honeybees are fooled by these cheats？No.Bees quickly distinguish which flowers produce the best nectar by their smells，even when the smells are extremely similar，a recent study by the scientists at Newcastle University in the UK has shown. Led by biologist Geraldine Wright，the scientists exposed collected worker honeybees to two different odors(氣味)based on natural floral compounds(化合物)．One odor led to a food reward having more sugar and the other food reward contained more salt.They found that the bees were able to tell apart the two odors based on their associated rewards.Wright explained that honeybees like sugary nectar and dislike salty nectar.How delicious or awfultasting the food nectar is to them determines how strong the bees preference is to the scent(香味)signals. Their research shows that bees can learn about the signals related to nectar quality，and they have ways to avoid floral “cheaters”．They prefer to visit the floral scents theyve learned to associate with profitable rewards，Wright told at www.discoverynews.com. To honeybees，the smell signal is even more crucial than the look of a flower. Wright explained：“When the floral scent isnt correct，even if the visual_aspect of the flower is exactly the same，a bee will not visit it.” The study suggests that a bees ability to learn which smells produce the best nectar may be the key to understanding how the smell of flowers has evolved in flowering plants. “It forces flowering plants to be honest about the rewards they advertise and honeybees may even select plants with both scented flowers and high quality flowers，”she said，“because these plants outcompete others in the floral market place.” 【解題導(dǎo)語】 本文是一篇科普說明文，介紹了蜜蜂具有識(shí)別花蜜質(zhì)量的能力。 16．This passage is mainly about________. A．how floral scents are evolved to attract honeybees B．the reasons and the ways flowers attract honeybees C．honeybees ability to distinguish high quality flowers D．how honeybees learn not to be fooled by plant cheats 答案　C　[主旨?xì)w納題。第三段是整篇文章的主題段落，主要介紹了蜜蜂具有識(shí)別花蜜質(zhì)量 的能力，有了這種能力蜜蜂才不會(huì)被一些假花蜜所欺騙，下文通過介紹科學(xué)家的研究來證明 此觀點(diǎn)。] 17．What is the food a honeybee gets? A．Nectar. B．Honey. C．Scents. D．Nutrients. 答案　A　[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的內(nèi)容可知，蜜蜂從鮮花中采取花蜜，因此也給它們授 了粉，故A項(xiàng)是最佳答案。] 18．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．The look of a flower matters as much as its scents to a honeybee. B．The honeybee will visit a plant if its flower smells good. C．The honeybee will avoid a plant whose nectar is salty. D．Plants dont need to make much effort to make nectar. 答案　C　[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中所講述的實(shí)驗(yàn)可知，蜜蜂不喜歡咸味，所以它們是不 會(huì)光顧帶有咸味花蜜的植物的。故選C。根據(jù)第六、第七段可知，花的外貌不如它的香味重 要；根據(jù)第二、第三段可知，有時(shí)花雖然聞起來很好，但它是假的，這時(shí)蜜蜂會(huì)識(shí)破真相； 根據(jù)第二段可知植物造成花蜜需要維持生命所必需的能量和豐富的營養(yǎng)。由此可排除其余三 項(xiàng)。] 19．From the passage，we can conclude that ________. A．the visit of honeybees is not crucial for a flowering plant B．the honeybees “sweet tooth”is likely to affect the floral signals C．honeybees can judge the quality of nectar by its smells D．some plants succeed in avoiding“payment”to honeybees for their “service” 答案　C　[推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段“The study suggests that a bees ability to learn which smells produce the best nectar may be the key to understanding how the smell of flowers has evolved in flowering plants.”可以推斷出，蜜蜂是通過氣味來判斷花蜜的質(zhì)量的。] 20．The underlined phrase“visual aspect”most probably means “________”． A．look B．listening C．smell D．scent 答案　A　[詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)上一段“To honeybees，the smell signal is even more crucial than the look of a flower.”可以推斷出答案。] Ⅲ.閱讀表達(dá)(共5小題；每小題3分，滿分15分) 閱讀下面短文，并根據(jù)短文后的要求答題。(請(qǐng)注意問題后的字?jǐn)?shù)要求) Psychology(心理學(xué))tells us that many people hate to take risks._But_it_is_good_for_us_to_ take_risks,_especially_when_the_risk_is_to_achieve_a_desired_result.In that way, we become stronger and braver. Our human nature should be to take risks, but some people just sit and wish they didnt have the fear to move on. This is because of one or two failures in their lives. Please step out and dont let the past hold you back from living life to the fullest. Move forward and move on! In studying the psychology of taking risks, we find that human nature provides us with the desire to experiment and take chances. Risk taking is a great benefit that allowed our ancestors(祖先) to become stronger and stronger day by day. By taking risks they fought off enemies and discovered new land.This attitude has become a part of our modern culture. Riding a roller coaster is a common risk taking activity that even the average person seems to enjoy although they have the understanding that it is dangerous. Getting in a car each day is a risk. Getting out of bed is a risk. We need to take risks so that we can finish many things. Astronauts take risks when they get inside a rocket; however, the things t hey achieve are great. Businessmen take a risk when they buy parts of a company. However, without doing that, they could not make more money. We need to take risks so that we can gain something. It is impossible to move forward in life, earn money, enjoy a relationship, play a sport, or do anything else____________.It is all part of the game. Its one of the most important parts of life. 21. What is the main idea of the passage? (Please answer within 10 words.) ________________________________________________________________________ 答案　Taking risk is important/necessary for our life. 22．Which sentence in the passage can be replaced by the following one? Dont let the failures that you have experienced prevent you from taking risks and live a meaningful life. ________________________________________________________________________ 答案　Please step out and dont let the past hold you back from living life to the fullest. 23．Please fill in the blank in the last paragraph with proper words or phrases to complete the sentence. (Please answer within 10 words.) ________________________________________________________________________ 答案　without taking a risk 24．Why do people ride a roller coaster although they know it is dangerous? (Please answer within 10 words.) ________________________________________________________________________ 答案　Because taking risks is part of our human nature/ Taking risk has become a part of our modern culture. 25．Translate the underlined sentence in the first paragraph into Chinese. ________________________________________________________________________ 答案　冒險(xiǎn)對(duì)我們來說是好的，尤其是為了得到渴望已久的結(jié)果而采取的冒險(xiǎn)。 寫作素材集錦 單詞 suggest表明 短語 1．just as正如……一樣 2．tell apart區(qū)分，識(shí)別 句子 Led by biologist Geraldine Wright，the scientists exposed collected worker honeybees to two \different odors based on natural floral compounds. 以生物學(xué)家Geraldine Wright為首的科學(xué)家，讓收集來的工蜂接觸由天然花香化合物散發(fā)出的兩種不同的氣味。 9