系統(tǒng)外文文獻(xiàn)翻譯、中英文翻譯

1、湖南工學(xué)院本科畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文） 外文譯文 院 （系）： 機(jī)械工程學(xué)院 專 業(yè)： 機(jī)械設(shè)計(jì)制造及其自動(dòng)化 姓 名： 程艷波 學(xué) 號(hào)： 08201420736 指導(dǎo)教師評(píng)語(yǔ)： 簽名： 年 月 日 譯文： 液壓系統(tǒng) 液壓傳動(dòng)和氣壓傳動(dòng)稱為流體傳動(dòng)，是根據(jù) 17 世紀(jì)帕斯卡提出的液體靜壓力傳動(dòng)原理而發(fā)展起來(lái)的一門(mén)新興技術(shù)， 1795 年英國(guó)約瑟夫布拉曼 (749在倫敦用水作為工作介質(zhì)，以水壓機(jī)的形式將其應(yīng)用于工業(yè)上，誕生了世界上第一臺(tái)水壓機(jī)。 1905 年將工作介質(zhì)水改為油，又進(jìn)一步得到改善。 第一次世界大戰(zhàn) (1914液壓傳動(dòng)廣泛應(yīng)用，特別是 1920 年以后，發(fā)展。

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3、液壓系統(tǒng) 一個(gè)完整的液壓系統(tǒng)由五個(gè)部分組成，即動(dòng)力元件、執(zhí)行元件、控制元件、無(wú)件和液壓油。動(dòng)力元件的作用是將原動(dòng)機(jī)的機(jī)械能轉(zhuǎn)換成液體的壓力能，指液壓系統(tǒng)中的油泵，它向整個(gè)液壓系統(tǒng)提供動(dòng)力。液壓泵的結(jié)構(gòu)形式一般有齒輪泵、葉片泵和柱塞泵。執(zhí)行元件(如液壓缸和液壓馬達(dá))的作用是將液體的壓力能轉(zhuǎn)換為機(jī)械能，驅(qū)動(dòng)負(fù)載作直線往復(fù)運(yùn)動(dòng)或回轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)動(dòng)。 控制元件(即各種液壓閥)在液壓系統(tǒng)中控制和調(diào)節(jié)液體的壓力、流量和。

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5、液壓系統(tǒng) 液壓傳動(dòng)和氣壓傳動(dòng)稱為流體傳動(dòng)，是根據(jù) 17 世紀(jì)帕斯卡提出的液體靜壓力傳動(dòng)原理而發(fā)展起來(lái)的一門(mén)新興技術(shù)， 1795 年英國(guó)約瑟夫布拉曼 (749在倫敦用水作為工作介質(zhì)，以水壓機(jī)的形式將其應(yīng)用于工業(yè)上，誕生了世界上第一臺(tái)水壓機(jī)。 1905 年將工作介質(zhì)水改為油，又進(jìn)一步得到改善。 第一次世界大戰(zhàn) (1914液壓傳動(dòng)廣泛應(yīng)用，特別是 1920 年以后，發(fā)展更為迅速。液壓元件大約在 19 世紀(jì)末 20 世紀(jì)初的 20 年間，才開(kāi)始進(jìn)入正規(guī)的工業(yè)生產(chǎn)階段。 1925 年 維克斯 (明了壓力平衡式葉片泵 ,為近代液壓元件工業(yè)或液壓傳動(dòng)的逐步建立奠定了。

6、附錄一 外文譯文 視頻監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)是安全防范系統(tǒng)的重要組成部分，是一種防范能力較強(qiáng)的綜合系統(tǒng)。視頻監(jiān)控以其直觀、方便、信息內(nèi)容豐富而廣泛應(yīng)用于許多場(chǎng)合。近年來(lái)，隨著現(xiàn)代科學(xué)技術(shù)的不斷發(fā)展特別是網(wǎng)絡(luò)帶寬、計(jì)算機(jī)處理能力和存儲(chǔ)容量的迅速提高一級(jí)各種實(shí)用視頻信息處理技術(shù)的出現(xiàn)，視頻監(jiān)控技術(shù)也有長(zhǎng)足的發(fā)展，視頻監(jiān)控進(jìn)入了全數(shù)字化的網(wǎng)絡(luò)時(shí)代，日益受到人們的重視和關(guān)注。視頻監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)的發(fā)展基本上是從早期的模擬閉路電。

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8、一、 可編程控制器是 60年代末在美國(guó)首先出現(xiàn)的，當(dāng)時(shí)叫可編程邏輯控制器 目的是用來(lái)取代繼電器。以執(zhí)行邏輯判斷、計(jì)時(shí)、計(jì)數(shù)等順序控制功能。提出 活、通用等優(yōu)點(diǎn)和繼電器控制系統(tǒng)的簡(jiǎn)單易懂、操作方便、價(jià)格便宜等優(yōu)點(diǎn)結(jié)合起來(lái)，控制器的硬件是標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的、通用的。根據(jù)實(shí)際應(yīng)用對(duì)象，將控制內(nèi)容編成軟件寫(xiě)入控制器的用戶程序存儲(chǔ)器內(nèi) ,使控制器和被控對(duì)象連接方便。 70年代中期以后， 入輸出模塊和外圍電路也都采用了中、大規(guī)模甚至超大規(guī)模的集成電路，這時(shí)的 斷功能，還同時(shí)具有數(shù)據(jù)處理、 際電工委員會(huì) (布的可編程控制器標(biāo)準(zhǔn)草案中對(duì)可。

9、附錄 1 英文參考資料 he is in be of on a as as in of of on of on to or by of is to it is is by a or is is of is is to s to at to in by to In is a is a in to a in s is is to or or or or or in or it of an a is to of or to is on is a of to of by or is in in is of to to to or If is to is to 附錄 2 譯文 汽車制動(dòng)系統(tǒng) 制動(dòng)系統(tǒng)是汽車中最重要的系統(tǒng)。 如果制動(dòng)失靈，結(jié)果可能是損失慘重的。制動(dòng)器實(shí)際就是能量轉(zhuǎn)換裝置，它將汽車的動(dòng)能（動(dòng)量）轉(zhuǎn)化成熱能（熱量）。當(dāng)駕駛員踩下制動(dòng)踏板，所產(chǎn)生的制動(dòng)力是汽車運(yùn)動(dòng)時(shí)動(dòng)。

10、1液壓制動(dòng)系統(tǒng)當(dāng)踩下制動(dòng)踏板，您希望該車輛停下。液壓制動(dòng)踏板控制兩個(gè)部分。首先，在液壓作用下，由于采用細(xì)小的軟管或金屬線因此不必占用很大的空間。其次，液壓機(jī)構(gòu)提供了一個(gè)很大的優(yōu)勢(shì)，由一個(gè)很小的力踩在制動(dòng)踏板上，會(huì)產(chǎn)生很大的力作用于車輪上。制動(dòng)踏板連接在充滿制動(dòng)液的制動(dòng)液壓缸的活塞上，液壓缸由活塞和油箱組成。現(xiàn)代主缸其實(shí)是兩個(gè)獨(dú)立的腔體。這種結(jié)構(gòu)稱之為雙回路系統(tǒng)，因?yàn)榍扒贿B接到前制動(dòng)器與后腔連接到后制動(dòng)器。（有些車輛是對(duì)角連接）。兩個(gè)腔實(shí)際是分離的，允許緊急制動(dòng)時(shí)一個(gè)系統(tǒng)失效另一個(gè)系統(tǒng)起作用。整個(gè)。

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14、1 附 錄 1 什么是液壓？ 一個(gè)完整的液壓系統(tǒng)由五個(gè)部分組成，即動(dòng)力元件、執(zhí)行元件、控制元件、無(wú)件和液壓油。動(dòng)力元件的作用是將原動(dòng)機(jī)的機(jī)械能轉(zhuǎn)換成液壓體的壓力能，指液壓系統(tǒng)中的油泵，它向整個(gè)液壓系統(tǒng)提供動(dòng)力。液壓泵的結(jié)構(gòu)形式一般有齒輪泵、葉片泵和柱塞泵。執(zhí)行元件（如液壓缸和液壓馬達(dá)）的作用是將液體的壓力能轉(zhuǎn)換為機(jī)械能，驅(qū)動(dòng)負(fù)載作直線往復(fù)運(yùn)動(dòng)或回轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)動(dòng)。控制元件（即各種液壓閥）在液壓系統(tǒng)中控制和調(diào)節(jié)液體的壓力、流量和方向。根據(jù)控制功能不同，液壓閥可分為壓力控制閥、流量控制閥和方向控制閥。壓力控制閥又分。

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16、0 附件 1 熱軋工藝 該軋機(jī)的主要功能是 將半成品鋼重新加熱到接近其熔點(diǎn)， 然后通過(guò)由共計(jì) 的大功率連續(xù)滾動(dòng)驅(qū)動(dòng)馬力發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)帶動(dòng)的 12 道連續(xù)軋制使鋼板變得更薄更長(zhǎng)，最后卷曲被拉長(zhǎng)的鋼板以運(yùn)輸?shù)较乱坏拦ば颉?熱軋板卷的重量高達(dá) 30 噸至 30” 和 74” 。 將 8 至 9 英寸厚 、 36 英尺長(zhǎng)的鋼板被卷成薄如 16 英寸和 1 / 2 英里長(zhǎng)的帶鋼。 線圈 由兩 個(gè)內(nèi)徑（ 眼睛 ） 為 30” 卷取機(jī)， 外徑上限分別為 72”和 74” 分別與 850 和 1000 磅每英寸寬（ 相對(duì)應(yīng)的兩個(gè)卷曲機(jī)產(chǎn)生。該廠為每一個(gè) 供售后業(yè)務(wù)，以及負(fù)責(zé)運(yùn)輸成品 給 客。 大 部分。