高一英語(yǔ)人教版必修2《Unit 2 The Olympic Games》期末知識(shí)梳理

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111 人教新課標(biāo)版高一必修二Unit 2 The Olympic Games期末知識(shí)梳理 一、訓(xùn)練導(dǎo)入 I.考綱單詞 寫(xiě)出下列考綱詞匯的詞性和漢義(如果不止一個(gè)詞性學(xué)生自行增補(bǔ)詞性及相應(yīng)漢義) 1.ancient ( )________ 2.compete ( )________ 3.medal ( )________ 4.volunteer ( )________ 5.homeland ( )________ 6.regular ( )________ 7.admit ( )________ 8.host ( )________ 9.responsibility ( )________ 10.replace ( )________ 11.charge ( )________ 12.fine ( )________ 13.advertise ( )________ 14.bargain ( )________ 15.pain ( )________ 16.deserve ( )________ II.核心短語(yǔ) 1．______for 代表，象征，表示 2．in_______ 主管，看管 3．___________four years 沒(méi)四年 4．be ________to……被錄取到……。 5．pick_______ 撿起。 6．___________with sb. for 為……與某人討價(jià)還價(jià) 7．___________part in 參加，參與 8．a(chǎn)s________ 也；又；還 9．one after__________陸續(xù)的，一個(gè)接一個(gè)地 10． compete__________與……競(jìng)爭(zhēng) 11．used___________過(guò)去常常 12．a(chǎn)s___________至于 13．put____________提出 14．prepare_____________為……作準(zhǔn)備 15．feel sorry___________同情 16．on_____________故意地 17．rise _____________one’s feet,站起來(lái) 18．a(chǎn)part______________除了 19．hand _______________hand 手拉手地 20．be confident _____________對(duì)……自信 二、知識(shí)精講 I.重點(diǎn)詞匯 1. admit vt. & vi. 許可某人/物進(jìn)入；接納，接受某人（入院入學(xué)等）；承認(rèn)，招認(rèn) [典例] 1). The school admits sixty new boys and girls every year. 這所學(xué)校每年招收六十名男女新生。 2). He was admitted to hospital with minor burns. 他因輕度燒傷而入院。 3). I admit (that) you have a point. 我承認(rèn)你有理。 4). George would never admit to being wrong. 喬治從不認(rèn)錯(cuò)。 [重點(diǎn)用法] admit （doing）sth.承認(rèn)某事/做了某事 admit that +從句 承認(rèn)…… [練習(xí)] 中譯英 1). 他招認(rèn)偷了那輛汽車(chē)。 ______________________________________________________________________________ 2). 不準(zhǔn)那個(gè)人進(jìn)來(lái)。 ______________________________________________________________________________ Keys: 1). He admitted having stolen the car. 2). That man is not to be admitted. 2. charge n. 費(fèi)用；v. 指控；收費(fèi) [典例] 1). All goods are delivered free of charge. 一切物品免費(fèi)送貨。 2). He was charged with murder. 他被控犯謀殺罪。 [重點(diǎn)用法] in/under the charge of 在某人照看（掌管）下 in charge of處于控制或支配（某人[某事物]）的地位: [練習(xí)] 中譯英 1). 這些病人由威爾遜醫(yī)生治療。 ______________________________________________________________________________ 2). 這兒誰(shuí)負(fù)責(zé)? ______________________________________________________________________________ Keys: 1). These patients are under the charge of Dr Wilson. 2). Who's in charge here? 3. bargain n.協(xié)議；廉價(jià)物；v.（與某人）討價(jià)還價(jià); 洽談成交條件; 談判 [典例] 1). If you promote our goods, we will give you a good discount as our part of the bargain. 若你方經(jīng)銷(xiāo)我們的貨物, 我方愿給予你相當(dāng)大的優(yōu)惠作為回報(bào)。 2). It's a bargain. 這可是便宜貨。 3). Never pay the advertised price for a car; always try to bargain. 千萬(wàn)不要照牌價(jià)購(gòu)買(mǎi)汽車(chē), 總得講講價(jià)才是。 [重點(diǎn)用法] make a bargain with sb about/over/for sth 就某事與某人達(dá)成協(xié)議 bargain with sb about/over/for sth 就某事與某人討價(jià)還價(jià) [練習(xí)] 中譯英 1). 你做了一筆很上算的交易。 ______________________________________________________________________________ 2). 工會(huì)為縮短工作周而（與資方）討價(jià)還價(jià)。 ______________________________________________________________________________ Keys: 1). You've got a good bargain there. 2). The unions bargained (with management) for a shorter working week. 4. promise v. & n. 允諾；答應(yīng) [典例] 1). I told him the truth under a promise of secrecy. 我在他答應(yīng)保守秘密之后把真相告訴了他。 2). She promised me (that) she would be punctual. 她向我保證一定準(zhǔn)時(shí)。 [重點(diǎn)用法] promise to do sth.答應(yīng)做某事 promise sb. sth.答應(yīng)某人某事 promise +that 從句 答應(yīng)…… make a promise許下諾言 keep a promise遵守諾言 carry out a promise履行諾言 break a promise違背諾言 [練習(xí)] 中譯英 1). 我得讓你遵守諾言。 ______________________________________________________________________________ 2). 我不能保證做到, 但我一定盡力而為。 ______________________________________________________________________________ Keys: 1). I shall keep you/hold you to your promise. 2). I can't promise, but I'll do my best. 5. deserve vt. & vi. 應(yīng)得; 值得 [典例] 1). The article deserves careful study. 這篇文章值得仔細(xì)研究。 2). They deserve to be sent to prison. 他們應(yīng)該入獄。 [重點(diǎn)用法] deserve doing = deserve to be done值得做 [練習(xí)] 中譯英 1). 她積極努力, 應(yīng)得到獎(jiǎng)賞。 ______________________________________________________________________________ 2).如果你做錯(cuò)事就應(yīng)受到懲罰。 ______________________________________________________________________________ Keys: 1). She deserves a reward for her efforts. 2). If you do wrong, you deserve punishing / to be punished / punishment. II.重點(diǎn)詞組 1. take part in 參與；參加 [典例] 1). How many countries took part in the last Olympic Games? 有多少個(gè)國(guó)家參加了上屆奧運(yùn)會(huì)? 2). Are you going to take part in the first experiment? 你們會(huì)參與首次實(shí)驗(yàn)嗎? [短語(yǔ)歸納] take one's part(在辯論中)支持某人；站在某……邊 have a part to play能幫助；能在……中發(fā)揮作用 have／play a part(in sth)參與某事 for the most part多半；通常 2. stand for 代表；象征；表示 [典例] 1). The sign X stands for an unknown number. 符號(hào)X表示一個(gè)未知數(shù)。 2). My mother stands for the kind treatment of all children. 我媽媽主張對(duì)待一切孩子都要慈愛(ài)。 [短語(yǔ)歸納] stand by袖手旁觀；無(wú)動(dòng)于衷 stand by sb支持；幫助；忠于 stand out(from／as)顯眼；突出 stand up站起；站立；起立 3. used to 過(guò)去常做某事 [典例] used to, would這兩個(gè)詞語(yǔ)都可以表示過(guò)去常做某事，有時(shí)可以換用。但used to do強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)去習(xí)慣性的行為或狀態(tài)，但是現(xiàn)在沒(méi)有這種行為或狀態(tài)了。因此，這個(gè)短語(yǔ)的內(nèi)涵是今昔對(duì)比。 1). There used to be only low and dirty houses in our village. [短語(yǔ)歸納] get/be used to sth./doing sth.習(xí)慣于某物/做某事，該詞組有各種時(shí)態(tài) be used to do sth.被用于做…… 4. one after another/the other 一個(gè)接一個(gè)地 [典例] 1). Please line up one after another. 請(qǐng)按順序排隊(duì)。 2). We achieved one victory after another. 我們?nèi)〉昧艘粋€(gè)又一個(gè)的勝利。 [短語(yǔ)歸納] one by one逐個(gè)地；逐一地 one another／each other相互 III.重點(diǎn)句型 1. How often do you hold your Games? 你們奧運(yùn)會(huì)多久舉行一次？ [解釋] How often 問(wèn)某事發(fā)生的頻率。常用的答語(yǔ)有：every two days, once a week, at times等 How soon問(wèn)某事在多少時(shí)間以?xún)?nèi)會(huì)完成。常用in/within短語(yǔ)回答 ---How soon will my dress be ready? ---In a week. 我的連衣裙要多久準(zhǔn)備好？---一周。 How long問(wèn)某動(dòng)作或某狀態(tài)持續(xù)多久多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間。常用for短語(yǔ)回答，for可省略。 ---How long did you stay there? ---Only two days. 你在那呆了多久？---只是兩天。 2. No other countries could join in, nor could slaves or women. 沒(méi)有別的國(guó)家能參加，奴隸和婦女也不能參加。 [解釋] “neither／nor + be動(dòng)詞／助動(dòng)詞／情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ)”意為“……也不”，承接前面的否定句，用倒裝語(yǔ)序。如： I can't afford a new car, neither/nor can he. 我買(mǎi)不起新車(chē)，他也是。 “so+ be動(dòng)詞／助動(dòng)詞／情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ)”意為“……也”，承接前面的肯定句，用倒裝語(yǔ)序。 如： He is tired and so are you. 他累了, 我們也累了。 三、語(yǔ)法突破 將來(lái)時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) 概念 將來(lái)時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示: 1.動(dòng)作發(fā)生在將來(lái). 2.強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的承受者,或不能或無(wú)須體積提及動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者 Will the port be opened to foreign ships? 這個(gè)港口將會(huì)對(duì)外國(guó)船只開(kāi)放嗎? The classroom is going to be cleaned after school. 教師將在放學(xué)以后打掃。 將 來(lái) 時(shí) 被 動(dòng) 語(yǔ) 態(tài) 的構(gòu) 成 將來(lái)時(shí)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)肯定式shall/will +be +過(guò)去分詞;其中shall常用于第一人稱(chēng)，will用于各種人稱(chēng)。 A new bridge will be built over the river.一架新橋?qū)⒃谶@條河上建起。 Some parts of the car will not be made in this factory.這種汽車(chē)的一些零件將不在這家工廠生產(chǎn)。 將來(lái)時(shí)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)否定式。由“ will／shall+not+be+過(guò)去分詞”來(lái)完成， Where will this book be put?這本書(shū)將要放在什么地方? 將來(lái)時(shí)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)疑問(wèn)式：一般疑問(wèn)句時(shí)將will／shall提前，其簡(jiǎn)略回答保留will／shall；構(gòu)成反意疑問(wèn)句時(shí)，附加問(wèn)句也保留will/ shall。 This bridge will be built soon, won’t it? 這座橋很快將被建成，是嗎？ Won’t water be turned into ice, if it is below freezing? 如果氣溫在冰點(diǎn)以下，水難道不會(huì)變成冰嗎？ 將 來(lái) 時(shí) 被 動(dòng) 語(yǔ) 態(tài) 的 用 法 1．表示根據(jù)計(jì)劃或安排將要發(fā)生的被動(dòng)性動(dòng)作。 This work will be done at once. 這項(xiàng)工作將立即被完成。 Those books will be published next month. 那些書(shū)將于下月出版。 2．表示有固定性條件就有規(guī)律性被動(dòng)結(jié)果。 If you sleep during the work, you will be fired.如果你在上班期間睡覺(jué)，你將被解雇。 Heated to 100℃，water will be turned into steam. 加熱到100℃時(shí)，水將會(huì)變成蒸汽。 If you speak in c1ass, you will be punished. 如果你在課堂上講話(huà)，你將會(huì)受到懲罰。 將 來(lái) 時(shí) 被 動(dòng) 語(yǔ) 態(tài) 的 特 殊 結(jié) 構(gòu) 1.be going to be +過(guò)去分詞; The problem isn’t going to be discussed at the meeting tomorrow.這個(gè)問(wèn)題將不在明天的會(huì)議上被討論。 Those who do well in the coming exam are going to be awarded.那些考試優(yōu)秀的人將要得到獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)。 2.be to be+過(guò)去分詞, This book is to be published next month.這本書(shū)下月即將出版。 The sports meet is to be held on April 10.運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)將于四月十日舉行。（表示根據(jù)計(jì)劃或安排將要發(fā)生的被動(dòng)性動(dòng)作） Is the blackboard to be cleaned now？現(xiàn)在需要擦黑板嗎？（表示征求對(duì)方意見(jiàn)） This work is to be done at once.這項(xiàng)工作必須立即被完成。（表示必要性） What is to be done next?下一步可能會(huì)發(fā)生什么事？（表示可能性） 【考題印證】 1.(2012湖南卷)22. Don't worrry. The hard work that you do now ____ later in life. A. will be repaid B. was being repaid C. has been repaid D. was repaid 【解析】A。從don't可知語(yǔ)境為現(xiàn)在，排除B、D；而later in life可知為將來(lái)的動(dòng)作，故選A。動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài) 一般將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài) 2.(2012重慶卷)27. Food supplies in the flood-stricken area ______.We must act immediately before there’s left. A. have run out B. are running out C. have been run out D. are being run out 【解析】B。動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)分析題干語(yǔ)境可知，食品供應(yīng)即將耗盡。run out為不及物動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)，不能使用被動(dòng)形式，由此可排除C和D兩個(gè)選項(xiàng)。B選項(xiàng)為現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)，可以表示將來(lái)，符合題意。因此，正確答案為B選項(xiàng)。 四、單元自測(cè) 第一節(jié) 單項(xiàng)選擇 1．(2011·安慶高三調(diào)研)The girls________ into the company recently have to receive strict training before they start to work. A．a(chǎn)ccepted　　　　　　　　　B．a(chǎn)ccepting C．a(chǎn)dmitted D．a(chǎn)dmitting 2．He made a(n)________with his wife “You take care of the children and I’ll cook.” A．bargain B．a(chǎn)pology C．promise D．experiment 3．That design of a magpie on a plum tree branch________ luck and happiness. A．brings about B．takes in C．brings in D． stands for 4．When my neighbours came out to do morning exercises，I also________. A．joined B．joined in C．a(chǎn)ttended D．took part in 5.一Was Mr Smith alone at home last night? 一Yes．His children as well as his wife _______invited to the party． A．was B．were C．has been D．have been 6·(201 2·浙江嘉興一中月考)His daughter has______the young politician for five years． A．got married with B．been married to C．been married with D．got married to 7·(2012-江西白鷺洲中學(xué)期中考試)Today’s a red-1etter day，which will_____ as the greatest day in my life。 A．1ive out B．speak out C. stand out D. give out 8．The young Yi]an made a ______ would try to earn his own living after graduation． A．prediction B．promise C．plan D．contribution 9·(2012·福建廈f]市三校聯(lián)考)We are expecting Lily because she is our______ visitor who comes here for holiday every summer, A·familiar B．particular C·popular D．regualr 10 (2012·吉林白山二中月考) 一How much did the guy _______ you to fix your 3G mobile phone’ 一I don’t remember，but it was quite a lot． A．cost B．spend C．charge D．take 11．一What can I do for you，sir? 一No，I only want to speak to the person ______． A．in danger B．in return C in peace D．in charge 1 2．He was very careless in his work，so he really ______ to be fired． A．disagreed B．deserved c．hated? ?????D．a(chǎn)greed 13. It is said that Columbus Day is______ Christopher Columbus in the New World in the USA． A．in honour of B．in need of C．in favour of D．in place of 14.(2012·福州三中月考)We had a really bad time about six months ago but now things are______． A picking up B．coming up C making up D．turning up 15.(2012。長(zhǎng)葛市三中調(diào)研)一Are you a teacher? 一 Well, I__________. A．used to B．was used to C．used to be D．used to do 第二節(jié) 完形填空（共20小題，每小題1.5分；滿(mǎn)分30分） 閱讀下面的短文，從短文后所給各題的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。 About 15 years ago I was studying at a university in Germany．The people with whom I 1 most of my time were a group of friends．Sometimes we went out together for 2，but most of the time we did our own parties back at someone’s home．First we sat and talked and at some point during the night we 3 the chairs and tables and started4．It may not sound that special when I write about it, 5 what was special to me was the 6 we shared for each other．For example，in the eyes you saw support, you saw laughter．You 7 there was always a shoulder you could lean on． Time passed by and we all went our own ways，8 our own goals．I made my way passing Ireland and India for several years．Now just a few days ago I 9one of my old friends again．We sat and talked and after 15 years we shared our 10 again from that time． On my way back home from our 11 it made me think a lot．My last weeks and months were full of problems，which left me in 12 spirits．But the meeting and the sweet memories I 13 with my old friends 14 all my negative thoughts and feelings，15 me warmth and happiness．‘ At this moment I understood me 16 of helping and supporting each other in a different way．It didn’t really 17 what goal we had all together, but the respect and love and joy we shared with each other 18 an experience and memory that 19 forever．It can not be destroyed by negative feelings．No，even better, it can wipe out your 20 mood and give you support． 1．A．played B．killed C．spent D．wasted 2．A．dinners B． parties C．sights D．a(chǎn)dventures 3．A．put down B．put off C．put up D．put away 4．A．dancing B．singing C．joking D．walking 5．A．so B．but C．a(chǎn)nd D．however 6．A．wealth B．strength C．opinion D．support 7．A．proved B．felt C．noticed D．expected 8．A．following B．making C．desiring D．changing 9．A．lost B．missed C．met D．dated 10．A．dreams B．memoriesC.relationship D.goals 11．A．journey B. classroom C. university D.meeting 12. A．low B.high C. proud D. good 13．A．set B.accepted C. shared D. discovered 14．A．increased B.removed C. developed D. mixed 15．A．showing B. spreading C. causing D.giving 16．A．value B.chance C. need D.measure 17．A．do B.work C.matter D.account 18．A．improved B.filled C.realized D. created 19．A．stays B.passes C. happens D. links 20．A．good B.bad C. simple D.special 單元自測(cè)答案： 第一節(jié) 1-5CADAB6-10BCBDC11-15DBAAC 第二節(jié) 1—5 CBDAB 6—10 DBACB 11一15 DACBD 16—20 ACDAB 111