高中英語必修1 - Unit 5單元訓(xùn)練及解析

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Unit 5 (時間：45分鐘　滿分：60分) Ⅰ.單項(xiàng)填空(共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分) 1．—Why havent you bought any butter? —I ________to, but I forgot about it. A．meant B．liked C．wanted D．expected 答案　A　[考查動詞詞義的辨析。mean to do sth打算干某事；而meant to do sth 則表示本來打算干而沒有干。答語為省略句，補(bǔ)充完整為I meant to buy some butter，but...。句意：—— 你為什么沒有買黃油？——我本來打算買的，但我忘了。] 2．Madam Curie，________to scientific research, was________the Nobel Prize twice. A．devoted herself; awarded B．devoted; rewarded C．who devoted ; awarded D．devoted; awarded 答案　D　[分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，第一空應(yīng)為非謂語形式，devote to (doing)sth常在句子中作狀語，其現(xiàn)在分詞形式應(yīng)為devoting sth/oneself to ；第二空考查動詞的辨析，reward獎勵；給以報(bào)酬；award 授予。句意：居里夫人由于獻(xiàn)身科學(xué)研究而被兩次授予諾貝爾獎。] 3．It has been universally acknowledged that the whole world is________stage, and all the men and women are merely________players.(2012江蘇普通高校招生預(yù)測金卷) A．the; the B．a(chǎn); the C．a(chǎn); / D．the; / 答案　C　[考查冠詞的用法。stage 舞臺，此處表示泛指概念，應(yīng)用不定冠詞；players表演 者，為復(fù)數(shù)名詞表達(dá)泛指概念，不加冠詞。句意：人們普遍認(rèn)為世界就是一個大舞臺，而所 有的人就是這個舞臺上的表演者。] 4．It is reported that the________in Libya is hotting up. A．strength B．violence C．power D．a(chǎn)ctivity 答案　B　[考查名詞詞義的辨析。strength力量；力氣； violence 暴力；暴行； power權(quán)力； activity活動。由語境可知，B項(xiàng)正確。句意：據(jù)報(bào)道，利比亞的暴力行為在激化。] 5．Considering his health, I advise him to________an hour or two each day to work out. (2012浙江學(xué)軍中學(xué)三模) A．set about B．set off C．set up D．set aside 答案　D　[考查動詞短語的辨析。set about 著手；開始；set off 出發(fā)；動身；set up 成立； 建立； set aside留出；暫時不考慮。句意：考慮到他的健康狀況，我建議他每天抽出一到兩個小時來鍛煉。] 6．Through the reform, the economic situation of China________much better than it used to be. A．turned into B．turned off C．turned to D．turned out 答案　D　[考查動詞短語的辨析。turn into變成；turn of關(guān)上； turn to 轉(zhuǎn)向；向……求助； turn out 結(jié)果是；證明是。由語境可知D項(xiàng)正確。句意：通過改革，中國的經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況比過去 好多了。] 7．If they________what I was saying, theyd know what I was talking about. (2012安徽蚌埠二中高三質(zhì)檢) A．took the trouble to listen to B．had trouble listening to C．take the trouble to listen to D．have trouble listening to 答案　A　[考查短語及動詞時態(tài)的辨析及應(yīng)用。take the trouble to do sth不辭勞苦干某事；have trouble (in)doing sth做……有困難。由句子中的was saying及was talking about可知，空格處應(yīng)用一般過去式。句意：如果他們不嫌麻煩聽聽我說的話的話，他們就會知道我在談?wù)撌裁戳?。] 8．The course normally attracts 20 students per year, ________up to half will be from abroad. (2012海淀區(qū)高三查漏補(bǔ)缺試題) A．in which B．for whom C．with which D．of whom 答案　D　[考查非限制性定語從句。表示“……中的一部分”應(yīng)用介詞of，且先行詞為students，故引導(dǎo)詞用whom。句意：通常情況下這門課程每年吸引20名學(xué)生，其中多達(dá)一半來自海外。] 9．I can still recall those days of military training(軍訓(xùn))________we repeated the simple and boring “At ease” and “Attention”．(2012山東威海市高三模擬) A．which B．when C．where D．That 答案　B　[考查定語從句的用法。先行詞為days 且從句中缺少狀語，故用when引導(dǎo)。句意：我還記得我們軍訓(xùn)的日子，那時候我們重復(fù)做簡單又乏味的“稍息”和“立正”動作。] 10．In time we reached a stage________we had more young readers than old ones. A．where B．how C．who D．what 答案　A　[考查定語從句的用法。先行詞為stage，意為“階段”，且從句中缺少狀語，故用 where引導(dǎo)。句意：很快我們就達(dá)到了這樣一個階段，此時我們的年輕讀者要多于老讀者。] Ⅱ.閱讀理解(共10小題；每小題2分，滿分20分) A Tim Richter and his wife, Linda, had taught for over 30 years near Buffalo, New York－h(huán)e in computers, she in special education. “Teaching means everything to us，” Tim would say. In April 1998, he learned he would need a heart operation. It was the kind of news that leads to some serious thinking about lifes purpose. Not long after the surgery, Tim saw a brochure describing Imagination Library, a program started by Dolly Partons foundation (基金會) that mailed a book every month to children from birth to age five in the singers hometown of Sevier, Tennessee.“I thought, maybe Linda and I could do something like this when we retire，”Tim recalls. He placed the brochure on his desk as a reminder. Five years later, now retired and with that brochure still on the desk, Tim clicked on imagination library .com. The program had been opened up to partners who could take advantage of book and postage discounts. The quality of the books was of great concern to the Richters. Rather than sign up online, they \went to Dollywood for a looksee. “We didnt want to give the children rubbish，” says Linda.The books—reviewed each year by teachers, literacy specialists and Dollywood board members—included classics such as Ezra Jack Keatss The Snowy Day and newer books like Anna Dewdneys Llama Llama series. Satisfied, the couple set up the Richter Family Foundation and got to work. Since 2004, they have shipped more than 12,200 books to preschoolers in their area.Megan Williams, a mother of four, is more than appreciative: “This program introduces us to books Ive never heard of .” The Richters spend about $400 a month sending books to 200 children. “Some people sit there and wait to die，” says Tim. “Others get as busy as they can in the time they have left.” 【解題導(dǎo)語】 一次大病之后，作為教師的Tim Richter開始重新思考生命的意義，最后 他決定學(xué)習(xí)他人在有生之年發(fā)揮余熱，于是創(chuàng)辦了一個基金會，給孩子們免費(fèi)送去高質(zhì)量的 圖書。 11．What led Tim to think seriously about the meaning of life? A．His health problem. B．His love for teaching. C．The influence of his wife. D．The news from the Web. 答案　A　[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段最后兩句的內(nèi)容可知，是他的身體健康問題——心臟病，才使他認(rèn)真思考生命的意義。故選A。] 12．What did Tim want to do after learning about Imagination Library? A．Give out brochures. B．Do something similar. C．Write books for children D．Retire from being a teacher. 答案　B　[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。第二段告訴我們，在Tim手術(shù)后不久，他了解到Imagination Library 的一些信息后，他說：maybe Linda and I could do something like this when we retire，也就是B項(xiàng)所說的Do something similar。] 13．According to the text, Dollly Parton is________. A．a(chǎn) wellknown surgeon B．a(chǎn) mother of a fouryearold C．a(chǎn) singer born in Tennessee D．a(chǎn) computer programmer 答案　C　[推理判斷題。從第二段中“by Dolly Partons foundation(基金會)that mailed a book every month to children from birth to age five in the singers hometown of Sevier”可以看出：他 是一名歌手，故選C。] 14．Why did the Richters go to Dollywood? A．To avoid signing up online. B．To meet Dollywood board members. C．To make sure the books were the newest. D．To see if the books were of good quality. 答案　D　[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。文章倒數(shù)第三段解釋了Richter夫婦去Dollywood的原因：The quality of the books was of great concern to the Richters，下文他說的話“We didnt want to give the children rubbish”，也可以說明這一點(diǎn)：看看書的質(zhì)量好不好。] 15．What can we learn from Tims words in the last paragraph? A．He needs more money to help the children. B．He wonders why some people are so busy. C．He tries to save those waiting to die. D．He considers his efforts worthwhile. 答案　D　[推理判斷題。Tim認(rèn)為人不應(yīng)該無所事事等待死神的到來，而應(yīng)該利用好晚年的 時光，使自己忙碌起來，對社會作出應(yīng)有的貢獻(xiàn)，他正是這樣做的，由此可以看出，四個選 項(xiàng)中D項(xiàng)(認(rèn)為自己的努力很值得)最能表達(dá)這個意思。] B A powerful earthquake struck the northeastern coast of Japan at 2：46 p. m. local time on March 11th,2011.Japans Meteorological Agency released its first tsunami warnings just three minutes later.The country has one of the best earthquake early warning systems in the world. There are over 4,000 Seismic Intensity Meters(地震烈度測量儀)in place throughout Japan to measure earthquake activity.These meters provide information with two minutes of an earthquake happening.Information about the strength and the center of the earthquake can be learned within three minutes.There are also concrete sea walls around much of the Japanese coastline.But these measures proved no match for the powerful earthquake and tsunami. Costas Synolakis is a tsunami expert in Los Angeles.He says，“Japan is one of those most wellprepared countries on earth in terms of tsunami warning.They had a warning.I think what went wrong is that they had not anticipated the size of this event.” He says there are two reasons for this.Japan has not had any event anywhere near as big as this one in the last 150 years.And scientists had not expected such a large earthquake happening off the coast of Japan. The 9.0magnitude earthquake was the 4th most powerful earthquake ever recorded worldwide.It was also the worst earthquake ever to hit Japan.The tsunami waves that followed were reported to have reached as high as 13 meters in some areas. Costas Synolakis says Japans concrete sea walls were not built to handle such high waves.A tsunami wave can travel as fast as 800 kilometers per hour.To get to higher ground people would often have to travel for many kilometers.This can take more time than a fast traveling tsunami will permit.This is especially true in cases like Japan，where the center of the earthquake struck so close to the coastline.The tsunami waves followed almost immediately. Experts say early warning systems will continue to be limited by these_facts until earthquakes \and tsunamis can be predicted. 【解題導(dǎo)語】 本文是科技文。日本的地震預(yù)警系統(tǒng)位居世界前列，能在地震發(fā)生后的兩分鐘內(nèi)提供信息。三分鐘內(nèi)能夠提供有關(guān)地震強(qiáng)度和震中的信息。在海嘯預(yù)警方面，日本是世界上準(zhǔn)備工作做得最充分的國家之一，但這次他們沒能預(yù)測出這次海嘯的規(guī)模如此之大。 16．From the second paragraph we can infer that ________. A．Japan is an island country B．the center of the earthquake is located in the northeastern coast C．the meters in Japan have dropped behind D．many measures have been carried out to reduce the consequences of earthquakes in Japan 答案　D　[推理判斷題。A項(xiàng)說法正確，但不是本段的推理；B項(xiàng)不是由第二段推理得出的， 是第一段中明示的信息。根據(jù)These meters provide information within two minutes of an earthquake happening.Information about the strength and the center of the earthquake can be learned within three minutes.判斷，C項(xiàng)推理錯誤。D項(xiàng)根據(jù)所列事實(shí)可以判斷得出。] 17．The underlined word “anticipated” in the third paragraph probably means “________”． A．predicted B．measured C．counted D．prevented 答案　A　[猜測詞義題。根據(jù)第四段和第五段信息可知，日本的海嘯預(yù)警系統(tǒng)是世界上最好的之一，此次失誤在于沒有預(yù)料到海嘯的規(guī)模如此大。] 18．The underlined words “these facts” in the last paragraph refer to the following EXCEPT ________. A．the concrete sea walls cant control the wave B．it is the worst earthquake happening in Japan in the history C．the speed of the tsunami is frightening and quick D．there are many earthquakes in Japan 答案　D　[細(xì)節(jié)認(rèn)定題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段、倒數(shù)第三段內(nèi)容可知答案為D。] 19．Which may be the best title of this passage? A．Earthquakes and tsunamis can be predicted B．A 9.0 magnitude earthquake hit Japan C．Japans concrete sea walls D．A report about Japans early warning systems 答案　D　[主旨大意題。根據(jù)全文內(nèi)容判斷，文章介紹日本擁有世界上最先進(jìn)的地震、海嘯預(yù)警系統(tǒng)，但沒有預(yù)料到這次大地震和海嘯如此之猛。] 20．On which column of China Daily can you find the passage? A．Technology B．Culture discovery C．Travel D．History 答案　A　[推理判斷題。本文主要介紹的是日本的地震、海嘯預(yù)警系統(tǒng)的先進(jìn)性和局限性。] Ⅲ.寫作(滿分30分) 2010年1月12日下午，海地發(fā)生強(qiáng)烈地震，大約20萬人失去了生命，其首都及周邊地區(qū)受災(zāi)嚴(yán)重，美麗的城市頃刻被毀……，國際社會紛紛提供援助。為此，高三(5)班在第二天召開班會，號召捐款。假如你是高三(5)班的一名學(xué)生，請根據(jù)下面提示寫一篇120～150詞的日記： 1．地震發(fā)生的時間、地點(diǎn)及造成的危害； 2．班級的捐款活動； 3．自己的想法。 參考詞匯：海地：Haiti Jan. 13, 2010　WednesdayFine ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 【參考范文】 Jan. 13, 2010　WednesdayFine Yesterday afternoon, a strong earthquake hit Haiti. It was a terrible disaster. About 200,000 \people were killed, more people were injured and also a lot became homeless. The beautiful capital city was almost destroyed in a short while. This afternoon a meeting was held in our class. At the meeting many students made speeches.They showed great concern for the people in the striken area. Some students suggested that we raise money to help the people there and we all agreed. After the meeting more than 1,000 yuan was collected. It is true that many natural disasters cant be avoided sometimes. But at least we can do our best to help the people in the striken area. We are very proud about what we did. 8