（浙京津魯瓊專版）2020版高考英語大二輪復(fù)習(xí) 專題五 寫作 第二節(jié) 讀后續(xù)寫學(xué)案 新人教版

第二節(jié)讀后續(xù)寫讀后續(xù)寫既考查學(xué)生對(duì)所學(xué)語言知識(shí)的運(yùn)用能力，又考查學(xué)生的發(fā)散思維能力和創(chuàng)造力。該題型要求考生首先要讀懂已有信息，不僅能讀懂字面含義，還要理清文章的脈絡(luò)和關(guān)系。續(xù)寫這篇短文時(shí)，考生需要明白故事的發(fā)展進(jìn)程、前因后果、地理位置變化、人物特征和情感等。在此基礎(chǔ)上，考生順著文章的思路，根據(jù)線索，發(fā)揮想象，對(duì)其后的情節(jié)進(jìn)行合理預(yù)測，并用英語表達(dá)出來。其特點(diǎn)為：1原文材料350詞以內(nèi)，所續(xù)寫文章150詞左右。2原文多是情節(jié)豐富的記敘文，偶有少量的議論文。3原文給出10處標(biāo)有下劃線的關(guān)鍵詞語，所續(xù)寫短文應(yīng)至少使用5個(gè)。4續(xù)寫部分分為兩段，每段開頭語已經(jīng)給出。5續(xù)寫部分兩大類別：(1)半開放性質(zhì)：必須依據(jù)文章的語境邏輯推理續(xù)寫。(2)完全開放性質(zhì)：可以依據(jù)文章的思路，自己發(fā)揮。評(píng)分原則1所續(xù)寫短文的詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右(詞數(shù)少于130的，從總分中減去2分)。2與所給短文及段落開頭語的銜接程度。3內(nèi)容的豐富性和對(duì)所標(biāo)出關(guān)鍵詞語的應(yīng)用。4應(yīng)用語法結(jié)構(gòu)和詞匯的豐富性和準(zhǔn)確性。5上下文的連貫性。評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)檔次描述第五檔(2125)與所給短文融洽度高，與所提供各段落開頭語銜接合理。內(nèi)容豐富，應(yīng)用了至少5個(gè)短文中標(biāo)出的關(guān)鍵詞語。所使用語法結(jié)構(gòu)和詞匯豐富、準(zhǔn)確，可能有些許錯(cuò)誤，但完全不會(huì)影響意義表達(dá)。有效地使用了語句間的連接成分，使所續(xù)寫短文結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊。第四檔(1620)與所給短文融洽度較高，與所提供各段落開頭語銜接較為合理。內(nèi)容比較豐富，應(yīng)用了至少5個(gè)短文中標(biāo)出的關(guān)鍵詞語。所使用語法結(jié)構(gòu)和詞匯較為豐富、準(zhǔn)確，可能有些許錯(cuò)誤，但不影響意義表達(dá)。比較有效地使用了語句間的連接成分，使所續(xù)寫短文結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊。第三檔(1115)與所給短文關(guān)系較為密切，與所提供各段落開頭語有一定程度的銜接。寫出了若干有關(guān)內(nèi)容，應(yīng)用了至少4個(gè)短文中標(biāo)出的關(guān)鍵詞語。應(yīng)用的語法結(jié)構(gòu)和詞匯能滿足任務(wù)的要求，雖有一些錯(cuò)誤，但不影響意義表達(dá)。應(yīng)用簡單的語句間連接成分，使全文內(nèi)容連貫。第二檔(610)與所給短文有一定的關(guān)系，與所提供各段落開頭語有一定程度的銜接。寫出了一些有關(guān)內(nèi)容，應(yīng)用了至少3個(gè)短文中標(biāo)出的關(guān)鍵詞語。語法結(jié)構(gòu)單調(diào)，詞匯項(xiàng)目有限，有些語法結(jié)構(gòu)和詞匯方面的錯(cuò)誤，影響了意義的表達(dá)。較少使用語句間的連接成分，全文內(nèi)容缺少連貫性。第一檔(15)與所提供短文和開頭語的銜接較差。寫出的內(nèi)容太少，很少使用短文中標(biāo)出的關(guān)鍵詞語。語法結(jié)構(gòu)單調(diào)，詞匯項(xiàng)目很有限，有較多語法結(jié)構(gòu)和詞匯方面的錯(cuò)誤，嚴(yán)重影響了意義的表達(dá)。缺乏語句間的連接成分，全文內(nèi)容不連貫。0白卷，內(nèi)容太少無法評(píng)判或所寫內(nèi)容與所提出內(nèi)容無關(guān)。一、遵循兩原則1立足原文，合理拓展段落開頭語與傳統(tǒng)寫作中的開頭語類似，在某種程度上引導(dǎo)你的思路向哪方面發(fā)展，所續(xù)寫部分不能脫離各自的段落開頭語另起爐灶，而是要在其基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)行拓展發(fā)揮。不能隨心所欲地寫，而是要在所給段落開頭和所標(biāo)示關(guān)鍵詞語的幫助下完成續(xù)寫。構(gòu)思要抓住故事的敘事線索，依據(jù)原文的寫作思路續(xù)寫文章，并適當(dāng)發(fā)散。2讀寫并重，精確理解續(xù)寫所給語言材料多是記敘文(故事類)文章，情節(jié)曲折跌宕，線索性和邏輯性較強(qiáng)。需要考生在寫作前對(duì)給定材料精確理解，這樣所續(xù)寫部分才不至于偏離主題，就這方面而言，讀后續(xù)寫有點(diǎn)類似閱讀理解題中對(duì)文章后續(xù)發(fā)展的推斷，如：Whatwouldhappennext?此外，續(xù)寫部分的思路和內(nèi)容并不一定是唯一的，因此考在寫作時(shí)可根據(jù)自己對(duì)上文材料的理解，對(duì)文章的結(jié)尾做出不同的詮釋。二、續(xù)寫步驟1精讀文章，確定文章線索。每篇文章都有各自獨(dú)特的寫作思路。通過精讀文章，找到該篇文章的寫作線索，如是以時(shí)間為線索還是以空間為線索等，這樣有利于考生“順藤摸瓜(結(jié)尾)”。2仔細(xì)審題，明確續(xù)寫要求。3回扣原文，揣摩續(xù)寫思路。根據(jù)文章后面的要求，再次快速回讀短文，抓住文章的思路，結(jié)合續(xù)寫段段首的提示語，最終確定續(xù)寫段落的思路，同時(shí)結(jié)合文章中標(biāo)有下劃線的關(guān)鍵詞語，確定續(xù)寫段落的內(nèi)容。4再讀文章，提煉精華。所選材料都是語言地道、富有正能量的文章，因此，在寫作時(shí)要注意精神元素的提煉，比如：2017年6月的素材，我們可以從“樂于助人、珍愛生命、學(xué)會(huì)合作、心存感激”等方面提煉。這樣就能把事物美好的一面展示出來。5擬定草稿，修改潤色。1(2018·6月浙江)閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)所給情節(jié)進(jìn)行續(xù)寫，使之構(gòu)成一個(gè)完整的故事。Itwassummer，andmydadwantedtotreatmetoavacationlikeneverbefore.HedecidedtotakemeonatriptotheWildWest.WetookaplanetoAlbuquerque，abigcityinthestateofNewMexico.WereachedAlbuquerqueinthelateafternoon.UnclePaul，mydadsfriend，pickedusupfromtheairportanddroveusuptohisfarminPecos.HiswifeTinacookedusadeliciousdinnerandwegottoknowhissonsRyanandKyle.MydadandIspentthenightintheguestroomofthefarmhouselisteningtothefrogsandwaterrollingdowntherivernearby.Veryearlyinthemorning，UnclePaulwokeusuptohavebreakfast.“Thedaystartsatdawnonmyfarm，”hesaid.Afterbreakfast，IwenttohelpAuntTinafeedthechickens，whilemydadwentwithUnclePaultotakethesheepouttograze(吃草)IwasimpressedtoseemydadandUnclePaulridinghorses.Theylookedreallycool.Intheafternoon，IaskedUnclePaulifIcouldtakeahorseride，andhesaidyes，aslongasmydadwentwithme.Iwasntgoingtotakeahorseridebymyselfanyway.So，mydadandIputonournewcowboyhats，gotonourhorses，andheadedslowlytowardsthemountains.“Dontbelateforsupper，”UnclePaulcried，“andkeeptothetracksothatyoudontgetlost！”“OK！”mydadcriedback.AfterawhileUnclePaulandhisfarmhousewereoutofsight.Itwassopeacefulandquietandthecolorsofthebrownrocks，thedeepgreenpinetrees，andthelateafternoonsunmixedtocreateamagicscene.Itlookedlikeabeautifulwoven(編織的) blanketspreadoutuponthegroundjustforus.注意：1所續(xù)寫短文的詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；2至少使用5個(gè)短文中標(biāo)有下劃線的關(guān)鍵詞語；3續(xù)寫部分分為兩段，每段的開頭語已為你寫好；4續(xù)寫完成后，請(qǐng)用下劃線標(biāo)出你所使用的關(guān)鍵詞語。Paragraph1：Suddenlyalittlerabbitjumpedoutinfrontofmyhorse.Paragraph2：Wehadnoideawherewewereanditgotdark.思路點(diǎn)撥故事主線已知線索：父親帶兒子去“西部荒野”，喂雞牧羊，體驗(yàn)農(nóng)場生活；見父親和叔叔騎馬很是瀟灑，兒子心生向往，于是親身上馬體驗(yàn)續(xù)寫詞匯1已給提示詞匯：dad，UnclePaul，farmhouse，river，feed，sheep，late，track，getlost，sight2話題激活詞匯：情感：panic，relieved，nervous，worried動(dòng)作：run，cry，thinktooneself環(huán)境：scenery，mountain，range，valley，river，lake，forest，sun，set，wind，blow布局謀篇1第一段所給首句：Suddenlyalittlerabbitjumpedoutinfrontofmyhorse.。這一句是故事發(fā)展的轉(zhuǎn)折點(diǎn)，可從rabbit出現(xiàn)后帶來的結(jié)果入手?jǐn)U展開去，可以寫馬受到驚嚇狂奔而去，也可以寫人的反應(yīng)，無論從何角度拓展，需注意與續(xù)寫第二段首句呼應(yīng)。2第二段所給首句：Wehadnoideawherewewereanditgotdark.這一句呼應(yīng)前文UnclePaul的囑托順著道走，別迷路了，可從如何尋路返回入手去寫續(xù)文。參考范文Suddenlyalittlerabbitjumpedoutinfrontofmyhorse.MyhorseturnedtothelefttoavoidthelittlerabbitasIheldontightlyandtriednottofall.Thenmydadturnedaroundandshouted，“Holdon！”Allofasuddenthehorsebegantorun.Mydadtriedtokeepupbehindus.Forafewminutesmyhorsesloweddowntoatrotandthenstoppedbesideariver.Ilookedaroundandrealizedthatwewerewayoffthetrack.Wehadnoideawherewewereanditgotdark.Luckilythestarscameoutandgaveusalittlelightwhenwewerelookingforthewaytothefarmhouse.Afterwhatmusthavebeenseveralhours，wesuddenlyheardthesoundofsheepinthedistance.MydadandIbothrodeourhorsestowardsthesoundofthesheep.AswegotcloserwesawUnclePaulwithaflashlightwavingusover.Whatanight!2 (2017·6月浙江)閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)所給情節(jié)進(jìn)行續(xù)寫，使之構(gòu)成一個(gè)完整的故事。Onabright，warmJulyafternoon，MacHollan，aprimaryschoolteacher，wascyclingfromhishometoAlaskawithhisfriends.Oneofhisfriendshadstoppedtomakeabicyclerepair，buttheyhadencouragedMactocarryon，andtheywouldcatchupwithhimsoon.AsMacpedalled(騎行) alongalone，hethoughtfondlyofhiswifeandtwoyoungdaughtersathome.Hehopedtoshowthemthisbeautifulplacesomeday.ThenMacheardquickandloudbreathingbehindhim.“Man，thatsabigdog！”hethought.Butwhenhelookedtotheside，hesawinstantlythatitwasntadogatall，butawolf，quicklycatchingupwithhim.Macsheartjumped.Hefoundouthiscanofbearspray.Withonehandonthebars，hefiredthesprayatthewolf.Abrightredcloudenvelopedtheanimal，andtoMacsrelief，itfellback，shakingitshead.Butaminutelater，itwasbyhissideagain.ThenitattackedthebackofMacsbike，tearingopenhistentbag.Hefiredatthewolfasecondtime，andagain，itfellbackonlytoquicklyrestartthechase(追趕)Macwaspedallinghardnow.Hewavedandyelledatpassingcarsbutwascarefulnottoslowdown.Hesawasteepuphillclimbbeforehim.Heknewthatoncehehitthehill，hedbeeasycaughtupandthewolfsteethwouldbetearingintohisflesh.Atthismoment，PaulandBeckyweredrivingtheircarontheirwaytoAlaska.Theydidntthinkmuchofitwhentheysawtwocyclistsrepairingtheirbikeonthesideoftheroad.Abitlater，theyspottedwhatthey，too，assumedwasadogrunningalongsideamanonabike.Astheygotcloser，theyrealizedthatthedogwasawolf.Macheardalargevehiclebehindhim.Hepulledinfrontofitasthewolfwascatchingupfast，justadozenyardsawaynow.注意：1所續(xù)寫短文的詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；2應(yīng)使用5個(gè)以上短文中標(biāo)有下劃線的關(guān)鍵詞語；3續(xù)寫部分分為兩段，每段的開頭語已為你寫好；4續(xù)寫完成后，請(qǐng)用下劃線標(biāo)出你所使用的關(guān)鍵詞語。Paragraph1：Thecarabruptlystoppedinfrontofhim.Paragraph2：Afewminuteslater，theothertwocyclistsarrived.思路點(diǎn)撥故事主線已知線索：騎行(朋友)修車落后(Mac)遭狼襲擊攻擊狼(PaulandBecky)開車路過可續(xù)寫線索：拼命逃跑？Paul和Becky如何救他？后面的朋友？續(xù)寫詞匯1已給提示詞匯：Mac，friends，bicycle，pedal，home，wolf，jump，cars，climb，Paul2話題激活詞匯：(1)環(huán)境：car，place，rock，berry，valley，steep，cave，lake，waterfall (人口、環(huán)境與自然)(2)困難：tough，dull，boring，difficult，tired，sickness，misunderstanding，distrust，exhausted，frightened(3)活動(dòng)：cycling，climbing，training，travel，makeanappointment，attendaparty，makearepair，gohome(4)情緒：grateful，worried，panic，afraid，lonely，disappointment(5)脫險(xiǎn)：narrowlyescape，outofdanger，comethrough，livethrough(6)教訓(xùn)：shy，notbold，ambitious，lie，unfriendly，uncooperative，risk，adventure布局謀篇1第一段的描寫要抓住首句提示“thecarstopped”這一關(guān)鍵詞，再發(fā)揮豐富的想象，把Paul和Becky停車后如何在千鈞一發(fā)之際拯救Mac的過程寫得合乎情理。2第二段所給的首句“Afewminuteslater，theothertwocyclistsarrived.”要起承上啟下的作用。另外兩名騎手到達(dá)之后看到、聽到并做了什么。3對(duì)所標(biāo)出的關(guān)鍵詞語進(jìn)行分類并選擇性地加以有效利用。如表人物的Mac，Paul，friends；表事物的wolf，bicycle，car；表動(dòng)作的pedal，jump，climb等。4在確定了思路和內(nèi)容之后，擬寫草稿時(shí)，要注意句子結(jié)構(gòu)的多樣性，語言的豐富性，并通過句與句之間連接詞的正確使用，使上下文連貫。參考范文Thecarabruptlystoppedinfrontofhim.Macrusheddownfromhisbicycleandfranticallywavedatthepassengersinsidethecarforhelp.Theyoungcoupleinsidethecarjumpedouttohelphim.Theysawthewolfchargingtowardsthemabouttoattack.TheyquicklyhelpedMacclimbintothecarandrushedintotheirfrontseats，lockingthedoors.Thewolfkeptgrowlingatthemfromoutsidethecar，unabletoenter.Afewminuteslater，theothertwocyclistsarrived.Bythistime，thewolfhadalreadyleft.Macsfriendsthenhelpedhimgetoutofthecar.Macandhisfriendsthankedthecoupleinthecarastheydroveoff.ThenMacgotbackonhisbicycleandpedaledbackhomewithhisfriends.Afterhisterrifyingadventure，Macfeltrelievedwhenhereachedhomesafetohislovingfamily.(2016·10月浙江)閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)所給情節(jié)進(jìn)行續(xù)寫，使之構(gòu)成一個(gè)完整的故事。OneweekendinJuly，Janeandherhusband，Tom，haddriventhreehourstocampovernightbyalakeintheforest.Unfortunately，onthewayanunpleasantsubjectcameupandtheystartedtoquarrel.Bythetimetheyreachedthelake，JanewassoangrythatshesaidtoTom，“Imgoingtofindabetterspotforustocamp”，andwalkedaway.Withnopathtofollow，Janejustwalkedonforquitealongtime.Aftershehadclimbedtoahighplace，sheturnedaround，hopingtoseethelake.Tohersurprise，shesawnothingbutforestand，farbeyond，asnowcappedmountaintop.Shesuddenlyrealizedthatshewaslost.“Tom！”shecried.“Help！”Noreply.IfonlyshehadnotlefthermobilephoneinthatbagwithTom.Janekeptmoving，butthefarthershewalked，themoreconfusedshebecame.Asnightwasbeginningtofall，Janewassotiredthatshehadtostopforthenight.Lyingawakeinthedark，JanewantedverymuchtobewithTomandherfamily.Shewantedtoholdhimandtellhimhowmuchshelovedhim.Janeroseatthebreakofday，hungryandthirsty.Shecouldhearwatertrickling(滴落) somewhereatadistance.Quicklyshefollowedthesoundtoastream.Tohergreatjoy，shealsosawsomeberrybushes.Shedrankandateafewberries.Neverinherlifehadshetastedanythingbetter.Feelingstrongernow，Janebegantowalkalongthestreamandhopeitwouldleadhertothelake.Asshepickedherwaycarefullyalongthestream，Janeheardahelicopter.Isthatforme？Unfortunately，thetreesmadeitimpossibleforpeopletoseeherfromabove.Afewminuteslater，anotherhelicopterflewoverhead.Janetookoffheryellowblouse，thinkingthatsheshouldgotoanopenareaandflagthemiftheycamebackagain.注意：1所續(xù)寫短文的詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；2應(yīng)使用5個(gè)以上短文中標(biāo)有下劃線的關(guān)鍵詞語；3續(xù)寫部分分為兩段，每段的開頭語已為你寫好；4續(xù)寫完成后，請(qǐng)用下劃線標(biāo)出你所使用的關(guān)鍵詞語。Paragraph1：Butnomorehelicopterscameanditwasgettingdarkagain.Paragraph2：ItwasdaybreakwhenJanewokeup.思路點(diǎn)撥故事主線已知線索：吵架出走迷路失聯(lián)自救思念尋路直升機(jī)飛離拂曉可續(xù)寫線索：失望？堅(jiān)信？曲折？直升機(jī)？Tom？自救？獲救？續(xù)寫詞匯1已給提示詞匯：Jane，Tom，lake，walk，climb，atadistance，stream，tohergreatjoy，helicopter，yellowblouse2話題激活詞匯：(1)環(huán)境：forest，stream，rock，berry，valley，steep，cave，lake，waterfall (人口、環(huán)境與自然)(2)困難：hunger，starve，thirsty，injure，broken，blood，panic，shelter，survive (survival)，suffer，cold，severe (天氣與自然災(zāi)害)(3)活動(dòng)：walk，climb，fall，crawl，taste，attempt，struggletoonesfeet，makeoneswayto，pickup(人體與動(dòng)作)(4)情緒：toonesgreatjoy，breakdown(5)救援：rescueteam，doctor，searchfor，spot(天氣與自然災(zāi)害)(6)意志品質(zhì)：calm，courage，will (性格與行為特征)(7)評(píng)價(jià)：amazing，makeit參考范文Butnomorehelicopterscameanditwasgettingdarkagain.HowfrustratedJanewas！Shewentalongthestream，slowlyandhopelessly.Itsobviousthatshecoulddonothingbutwait.Lookingback，JanehadbeenusedtodependingonTomforeverything.Butnowshewasalone.Shewasatalossanddidntknowwhattodoandhowtosaveherself.Shewalkedonandonuntilshewassotiredthatshefellasleep.Inherdream，shemetTomwhodroveahelicoptertosaveherandtheyhuggedforalongtimeandmadeapromisetoeachotherthattheywouldneverquarrelagainforanything.ItwasdaybreakwhenJanewokeup.Shehadnosenseofdirectionanddarednotgoanyfurther.Sosheclimbedupatreewhichwasstrongenoughtoholdherandtiedheryellowblousetothehighestbranches，hopingitcouldbeseenbytheflyinghelicopter.Fortunately，thatishowitwent.Janewassaved.10