（浙京津魯瓊專版）2020版高考英語(yǔ)大二輪復(fù)習(xí) 題型組合練（五）新人教版

題型組合練(五).閱讀理解AWhilemost4­year­oldsaremakingmudpiesorsellinglemonade，AustinPerineofBirmingham，Alabamadecidedtogoonestepfurther.Withhisredcape(披肩) coveringhisshoulders，AustinPerinefeedsthehungryandhomelesspopulationthroughoutthecityinaneffortto“showlove”tothosewhoneed“foodandsmiles”“Showlove”，accordingtoAustin，hasbecomehissuperheromotto.Hissuperheroname？PresidentAustin，ofcourse.Austinsfather，TJPerine，toldCNNthatAustinhasalwaysbeencompassionate(有同情心的)，asheactslikea“l(fā)ittledad”forhisbrother，Taylor.However，itwasntuntilAustinlearnedthatpeopleareexperiencinghomelessnessthathedecidedtosharewhathehaswiththerestofhiscommunity.TJnotedthatAustinsfirstknowledgeabouthomelessnesscameafterwatchinganaturedocumentaryaboutababypandaontelevision.“AustinandIwerewatchingananimalshowandtherewasamotherpandathatwasleavingherbaby，”TJsaid.“Austinbegantogetconcerned，andItoldhimthatthebabypandawouldbehomeless.”Tobetterteachhissonabouthomelessness，TJtooktheyoungboytothecityshelter，atwhichpointAustinasked，“Canwefeedthem？”Inresponse，TJtookAustintoBurgerKingwhereheenthusiasticallyvolunteeredtopayforthechickensandwichesusinghisweeklypocketmoney，therebygivingupnewtoysthatweek.Austinandhisfatherhaveplanstoexpandtheircommunityoutreacheffortssotheycanalsofighthomelessnessatitsroots.TheyhavealsostartedaGoFundMeaspartoftheirShowLoveFoundation.“Wevegottenalotofsupportfromthecountry，andwhatwewanttodoisexpandanddofrommorethanjustgivingoutsandwiches，”TJtoldCNN，sayingthat，finally，heandAustinhopetobuildaservicecenterthatdealswiththemanycausesandsymptomsofhomelessness.“Mentalillness，drugabuse，addiction，andthingslikethat，”hesaid.“AustinandIwanttobuildaservicecenterandgetsomespecialistsintherethatcanactuallyhelpthesepeoplegetbackintotheworkforce.”語(yǔ)篇解讀本文是記敘文。文章講述了一個(gè)來(lái)自美國(guó)阿拉巴馬州，自稱是“奧斯汀總統(tǒng)”的四歲小男孩奧斯汀的愛(ài)心故事。1WhatcanweknowaboutAustinfromthefirstparagraph?AHehassympathyforthehomeless.BHelikeswatchingsuperheromovies.CHeusedtoenjoymakingmudpiesbest.DHefrequentlymakeslemonadeforthepoor.答案A解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Withhisredcape(披肩) coveringhisshoulders，AustinPerinefeedsthehungryandhomelesspopulationthroughoutthecityinanefforttoshowlovetothosewhoneedfoodandsmiles”可知，奧斯汀同情無(wú)家可歸的人。2WhatdidAustindoinBurgerKing?AHeboughtnewtoysforhisbrother.BHeatechickensandwicheswithTJ.CHevisitedthehomelessbabypanda.DHeuseduphispocketmoneyforcharity.答案D解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段中的“Austinasked，Canwefeedthem？.heenthusiasticallyvolunteeredtopayforthechickensandwichesusinghisweeklypocketmoney，therebygivingupnewtoysthatweek.”可推知，奧斯汀把他那周本來(lái)買(mǎi)玩具的零花錢(qián)全部拿出來(lái)買(mǎi)了三明治，送給了那些無(wú)家可歸的人們。3WhatdoTJandAustinintendtodo?ASetupanotherGoFundMe.BWinsupportfromthegovernment.CHelpthehomelessbecomeemployed.DGiveoutmoresandwichestothepoor.答案C解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段TJ所說(shuō)的話可知，奧斯汀和他的父親打算成立一個(gè)機(jī)構(gòu)，請(qǐng)專家?guī)椭鸁o(wú)家可歸的人重回職場(chǎng)。BThehighsocialcognitive(認(rèn)知的) skillsofhorsestowardshumansmightpartiallyexplainwhyhumansandhorseshaveacollaborative(合作的) relationshiptoday.However，thescientificevidenceforthisabilityisstillscarce(不足的)Inthisstudy，scientistsfocusedonhorsessocialcognitiveskillswithhumansinaproblem­solvingsituationwherefoodwashiddeninaplaceaccessibleonlytohumans.Forthefirstexperiment，anassistantexperimenterhidcarrotsinacontainerwhichthehorsecouldnotreach.Theresearchersobservedwhetherandhowthehorsesentsignalstothecaretakerwhenthecaretaker(unawareofthesituation) arrived.Thehorsestayednearthecaretakerandlookedat，touchedandpushedthecaretaker.Thesebehaviorsoccurredoverasignificantlylongerperiodcomparedtocasesinwhichtheycarriedouttheexperimentwithouthidingthefood.Theresultsshowedthatwhenhorsescannothandleproblemsbythemselves，theysendsignalstohumansbothvisuallyandphysically.Buildingontheseresults，forthesecondexperimenttheytestedwhetherthehorsesbehaviorchangedinothersituationsandthefindingswereasfollows：Thehorsesgavemoresignalsifthecaretakerhadntwatchedthefoodbeinghiddenthanifthecaretakerhad，suggestingthathorsescanchangetheirbehaviorinresponsetotheknowledgelevelsofhumans.Thesetwoexperimentsshowedsomebehaviorsareusedbyhorsestocommunicatedemandstohumans.Theyalsosuggestedthathorsespossesshighcognitiveskillsthatenablethemtoflexiblyaltertheirbehaviortowardshumansaccordingtohumansknowledgestate.Thishighsocialcognitiveabilitymayhavebeenacquiredduringthedomesticationprocess.Inordertoidentifythecharacteristicthatenableshorsestoformclosebondswithhumans，infutureresearchtheteamaimstocomparecommunicationbetweenhorses，aswellaslookingmorecloselyatthesocialcognitiveabilityofhorsesintheircommunicationwithhumans.語(yǔ)篇解讀本文是說(shuō)明文。作為最早被人類馴化的動(dòng)物之一，馬是人類的重要伙伴和好朋友，在人類的發(fā)展史上發(fā)揮了重要作用。在被人類馴化的過(guò)程中，馬逐漸形成了自己與人類共處的高度的社會(huì)認(rèn)知能力，研究人員也通過(guò)實(shí)驗(yàn)證明了這一點(diǎn)。4Howisthesecondparagraphmainlydeveloped?AByinferringsomethingfromfacts.BBydescribingdetails.CByanalyzingcauses.DByexaminingdifferences.答案B解析寫(xiě)作手法題。根據(jù)第二段對(duì)實(shí)驗(yàn)過(guò)程的描述可知，該段主要對(duì)實(shí)驗(yàn)的細(xì)節(jié)進(jìn)行了描寫(xiě)。故選B。5Whichofthefollowingaffectedthehorsesbehaviorinthestudy?AThenumberofcarrots.BThecolorandsizeofthecontainer.CThephysicalappearanceofthecaretaker.DThecaretakersknowledgeofthehiddenfood.答案D解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段內(nèi)容可知，飼養(yǎng)員是否看見(jiàn)食物被藏起來(lái)，對(duì)馬的行為產(chǎn)生了影響。故選D。6Whatdoestheunderlinedword“alter”inParagraph4mean?AChange.BControl.CDevelop.DFollow.答案A解析詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)該詞所在句的語(yǔ)境可知，此處表示“這兩個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)還表明馬有很高的認(rèn)知技能，能夠讓它們根據(jù)人們的認(rèn)知狀態(tài)靈活改變它們對(duì)人類的行為”。第三段中的“whetherthehorsesbehaviorchangedinothersituations”中的changed也是提示。alter意為“改變”。CAskamaninthestreetwhateducationisfor，andanimmediateresponsemightbe“forequippingyoungpeoplewiththeskillstogetajob”Well，yes，butiseducationnotaboutalotmorethanthat?Indeed，IwouldarguethatitisbecauseourBritisheducationholdsahigherideal(理想)equippingyoungpeoplewithself­confidenceandanunderstandingoftheworldaroundthemthatitisboominginternationally.YetIbelievethatwhatmakesoureducationgreatisbeingthreatenedbytheeverincreasingfocusonteachingtothetest.Thefocushasarisenbecauseonlybytestingchildrencanweknowwhatprogresstheyhavemade.Itsaparadox(自相矛盾)，sincethecurriculumchangesthataretakingeffectweredesignedtowidenyoungpeoplesknowledgeoftheworldaroundthem.Butpleasedonotmisunderstandme.Iamnotsuggestingthattestsshouldbewithdrawn.Iamsayingthatschoolsneedtohavetheconfidencetoaimmuchhigherandwiderthanteachingtothetest.Theyshouldputarichlearningexperienceforstudentsfirst；thetestshouldbeusedtovalidate(證實(shí)) learning，notanendinitself.Teacherscount.Agoodmanysubjectteachersknowtheirdepartmentshavebeenshort­changingtheirstudents，buttheylacktheself­confidenceandsupporttomoveawayfromteachingtothetest.So，whatisthesecrettogettingbackontrack？Whatgoodschoolshaveknownallalongisthatastaffroomfullofteacherswithagoodknowledgeofwhattheyareteaching，togetherwithapassionandskillforcommunicatingit，liesattheheartofthebesteducation.Teachersinsistenceonputtingtheirloveofsubjectsfirstwillproducemoreengaged(參與) students.Andwithmoreengagedstudentsoftencomebetterexaminationresults，greaterself­confidenceandsoon.Schoolsshouldalsofindtheself­confidencetoputafocusoninspiringteacherswhoarekeentobroadenwhattheyteach.Inthisway，Ibelieveeducationalachievementwillimprove.語(yǔ)篇解讀這是一篇議論文。文章通過(guò)對(duì)教育目的的探討告訴我們，學(xué)校應(yīng)拓寬其教學(xué)內(nèi)容并設(shè)定更高更廣泛的教育目標(biāo)。7Whichbelongstothepurposeofeducationaccordingtotheauthor?AHelpingyoungpeopletohaveajob.BPreparingstudentsforallkindsoftests.CMakingyoungpeoplebehaveconfidently.DEnablingyoungpeopletosucceedinlife.答案C解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“ourBritisheducationholdsahigherideal(理想)equippingyoungpeoplewithself­confidenceandanunderstandingoftheworldaroundthem”可知，在作者看來(lái)，教育的目的在于讓年輕人擁有自信并了解周圍的世界。故選C。8Whatdoestheauthorthinkoftestsatpresent?AFormalandcompetitive.BNecessarybutimperfect.CStandardbutworthless.DImportantandfunctional.答案B解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的“YetIbelievethat.whatprogresstheyhavemade.”可知，應(yīng)試教育的現(xiàn)狀令作者擔(dān)憂，而考試又是有必要的，因?yàn)榭荚嚹芊从硨W(xué)生的進(jìn)步情況；根據(jù)第四段中的“Iamnotsuggestingthattestsshouldbewithdrawn.”和“schoolsneedtohavetheconfidenceto.notanendinitself”可知，作者并沒(méi)有建議取消考試，而是說(shuō)學(xué)校應(yīng)勇于追求比考試更廣泛的教育目標(biāo)，考試本身不是教育的目的，而應(yīng)被作為驗(yàn)證學(xué)習(xí)成果的方式。由此可推知，在作者看來(lái)，當(dāng)下的考試必不可少但有一定的缺陷。故選B。9Whatshouldteachersdotofacethechallengeaccordingtotheauthor?AArrangeinterestingclassestostudentstaste.BTrainstudentsaccordingtonewteachingstandards.CEncouragestudentstoexpresstheirloveforsubjects.DFeelconfidenttocareaboutmorethanexaminations.答案D解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段中的內(nèi)容可知，雖然很多教師自己也知道學(xué)生被“虧待”了，但他們?nèi)狈ψ孕藕椭С謥?lái)擺脫應(yīng)試教育；而作者認(rèn)為教師將自己對(duì)學(xué)科的熱愛(ài)放在首位能讓學(xué)生的參與度更高，從而促成好的結(jié)果，比如更好的考試成績(jī)、學(xué)生更自信等。由此可推知，作者認(rèn)為教師的關(guān)注不應(yīng)僅限于考試。故選D。10Whatisasuitabletitleforthetext?AWhatIstheFutureofBritishEducation?BWhatIstheTruePurposeofBritishEducation?CSchoolsMustAimHigherthanTeachingtotheTestDSchoolsShouldWithdrawTestsfortheSakeofStudents答案C解析標(biāo)題歸納題。縱觀全文可知，本文由“教育的目的是什么”開(kāi)篇，進(jìn)而論述了學(xué)校應(yīng)拓寬其教學(xué)內(nèi)容并設(shè)定更高更廣泛的教育目的，而不僅僅注重考試。故C項(xiàng)作本文標(biāo)題最佳。.七選五Itsverycommonthesedaysforpeopletotakesomesortofregularexerciseeachweek.Butifyouveneverdoneitbefore，whatsthebestwaytogoaboutit？11Heorshewillcreateapersonalizedplanforyoubasedonyouraims.However，eachhourlysessioncanbesteepconsideringyouhavetopayboththepersonaltrainerandmembershipofthegym，too.Sowhatsleft？Well，ifyouhavethecouragetodoit，youcanmakeyourownplan.Itsrelativelyeasytodoifyouhavetheknow­how.12First，keepyourfitnessgoalinmind.Areyoulookingtoslimdownorincreaseyourabilities？Whateveritis，makesurethethingsyouchoosetodoareachievingthatgoal.Next，doyourresearch.13Watchasmanyoftheseaspossible，butmakesuretobealittlecriticalofthemeveryonehasadifferentphysiqueandwhatworksforonemaynotworkforanother.Finally，keepyourfeetontheground.14Ittakesatleastthreemonthstoseeanyrealisticbodychanges.Anddontbeoverzealous(過(guò)度熱衷的)neverworkinpainagoodworkoutisdifficultandchallenging，butneverpainful.Painmeansyouaredamagingyourself.Ifnothingelse，focusoncalisthenics(健身操)15Doasmanyofoneexerciseasyoucanwithoutstopping，andthentryandrepeatthatnumbertwicemoremakesureyousweat，anddontforgettorestforaminuteinbetweeneachactivity!ABepatientwithyourselfandsetrealisticgoals.BButbeforeyoudo，herearesomebasicpointers.CWell，manypeoplemakeuseofapersonaltrainer.DTheyjustdontwanttodesigntheirownworkoutplan.EThesedays，socialmediaisfulloffitnessvideosandadvice.FFindawaytomakeeachexercisemoredifficultasyougetinshape.GThesearethebasicbodymovementswhicheveryonecandoanywhere.語(yǔ)篇解讀本文是說(shuō)明文。如果你想設(shè)計(jì)一套適合自己的鍛煉計(jì)劃，卻沒(méi)有足夠的資金雇用私人教練，該怎么辦呢？本文將教給大家?guī)讉€(gè)自主健身的小貼士。11答案C解析結(jié)合上文中的“whatsthebestwaytogoaboutit”和下文中的“Heorshewillcreateapersonalizedplanforyoubasedonyouraims.”可知，C項(xiàng)“許多人會(huì)請(qǐng)私人教練”符合語(yǔ)境，在文中起承上啟下的作用。12答案B解析結(jié)合上文中的“Itsrelativelyeasytodoifyouhavetheknow­how.”和下文的幾點(diǎn)小貼士可知，B項(xiàng)“但是在你做之前，這里有一些基本的建議”符合語(yǔ)境，在文中起承上啟下的作用。13答案E解析根據(jù)下文中的“Watchasmanyoftheseaspossible”可知，E項(xiàng)“現(xiàn)在的社交網(wǎng)站上有很多健身的視頻和建議”符合語(yǔ)境。14答案A解析結(jié)合上文中的“keepyourfeetontheground”和下文中的“Ittakesatleastthreemonthstoseeanyrealisticbodychanges.”可知，A項(xiàng)“對(duì)自己要有耐心，同時(shí)要制定切實(shí)可行的目標(biāo)”符合語(yǔ)境。15答案G解析根據(jù)上文中的calisthenics可知，G項(xiàng)“這些是任何人在任何地方都可以做的基本的肢體動(dòng)作”符合語(yǔ)境，是對(duì)calisthenics的解釋和說(shuō)明。8