2022年高考英語(yǔ)二輪總復(fù)習(xí) 第25講 短文改錯(cuò)學(xué)案

2022年高考英語(yǔ)二輪總復(fù)習(xí) 第25講 短文改錯(cuò)學(xué)案 1. 樹語(yǔ)篇概念為第一要?jiǎng)?wù)短文改錯(cuò)不同于單句改錯(cuò)，它每一句的語(yǔ)義表達(dá)、結(jié)構(gòu)選擇都受上下文制約。如動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)的選擇、代詞的指代功能等都要依照上下文的線索進(jìn)行判斷。解答短文改錯(cuò)分3個(gè)步驟：(1) 從語(yǔ)篇角度入手，讀懂中心：考生要從整體上把握全文，明確文章的題材，理解作者的意圖及語(yǔ)境。(2) 從句法行文入手，理清脈絡(luò)：通讀全文，了解文章大意、寫作方式之后，應(yīng)把注意力集中于句子層次上，判斷句子的表達(dá)是否符合行文邏輯。從歷年高考來(lái)看短文改錯(cuò)絕大多數(shù)題目屬于句子層次問(wèn)題，所以，對(duì)句子結(jié)構(gòu)正確與否、前后文是否互相關(guān)聯(lián)的審查是關(guān)鍵的一步。(3) 從語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)入手，改正錯(cuò)誤：除去句法問(wèn)題、行文邏輯問(wèn)題之外，大約還有一半錯(cuò)誤屬于語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤。根據(jù)語(yǔ)法規(guī)則改正錯(cuò)誤。2. 尋命題規(guī)律，知解題技巧在讀懂整篇內(nèi)容的基礎(chǔ)上，逐句尋查錯(cuò)誤，可集中于以下4點(diǎn)： (1) 看上下文的邏輯是否合理； (2) 看句子結(jié)構(gòu)是否完整； (3) 看各種詞類是否正確：主謂是否一致，時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)是否正確，冠詞、代詞、連詞、關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞、名詞的數(shù)與格、介詞、形容詞、副詞使用是否得當(dāng)； (4) 看文中的習(xí)慣用法、固定搭配是否準(zhǔn)確。(xx浙江卷) 下面短文中有10處語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤。請(qǐng)?jiān)谟绣e(cuò)誤的地方增加、刪除或修改某個(gè)單詞。增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)()，并在其下面寫上該加的詞。 刪除：把多余的詞用斜線()劃掉。 修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下畫一橫線， 并在該詞下面寫上修改后的詞。 注意： 1. 每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞； 2. 只允許修改10處， 多者 ( 從第11處起 ) 不計(jì)分。 It was very nice to get your invitation to spend the weekend with you. Luckily I was_am pletely free then, so I'll to say “yes”， I'll arrive in Bristol at around 8：00 pm. inon Friday evening.I was playing at my cousin house. Since his family was rich than mine, he had more toys than I did. There was one on particular I'd always wanted. I put into my pocket when he wasn't looking. I guessed, even at that age, I would never be able to enjoy to playing with the toy or faced mycousin again; I would always know I'd done something wrong. Late on, my aunt drove me home. When she dropped me off, I pulled out the toy slow and gave it back. She knows what had happened, but she thanked me and ever mentioned it again.【答案】I was playing at my cousincousin's house. Since his family was richricher than mine, he had more toys than I did. There was one onin particular I'd always wanted. I put it/that into my pocket when he wasn't looking. I guessed, even at that age, I would never be able to enjoy toplaying with the toy or facedface my cousin again; I would always know I'd done something wrong. LateLater on, my aunt drove me home. When she dropped me off, I pulled out the toy slowslowly and gave it back. She knowsknew what had happened, but she thanked me and evernever mentioned it again.此篇短文改錯(cuò)的文章內(nèi)容是一則關(guān)于作者孩時(shí)自我教育的小故事，試題難度適中，要求修改的10處錯(cuò)誤均為學(xué)生寫作中的常見(jiàn)錯(cuò)誤，設(shè)題考查的內(nèi)容是學(xué)生應(yīng)該掌握的基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)，以考查其發(fā)現(xiàn)問(wèn)題和解決問(wèn)題的能力?！窘馕觥?“在我堂兄弟的家”，考查名詞所有格的用法，cousin后加's表示“的”。2有比較級(jí)的標(biāo)志詞than卻沒(méi)有形容詞比較級(jí)，rich的比較級(jí)為規(guī)則變化richer。3考查習(xí)語(yǔ)搭配in particular，意為“尤其，特別”。4. putinto，考查動(dòng)詞用法和代詞，這里漏填了指代那個(gè)玩具的單詞it。5. enjoy后面應(yīng)接doing，所以去掉多余的to。6. 句中有連詞or，表示后面省略的部分跟前面一致，為I would never be able toor I would never be able to，因此要用動(dòng)詞原形face。7later on是固定習(xí)語(yǔ)，意為“后來(lái)”，而late作副詞時(shí)意為“遲的；最近的”。8這里的“慢”應(yīng)該是說(shuō)明作者掏兜的動(dòng)作，即修飾動(dòng)詞pull要用副詞slowly。9動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)考點(diǎn)，通篇文章因?yàn)槭菙⑹鲞^(guò)去發(fā)生的一件事，所以時(shí)態(tài)基本都為過(guò)去時(shí)，這里不可能出現(xiàn)knows這樣明顯的表示習(xí)慣的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。10ever表示肯定含義，而這句作者想表達(dá)的是自己的阿姨知道這件事(偷玩具)但再也沒(méi)有提過(guò)，應(yīng)該是否定含義，故ever換成否定副詞never才對(duì)。