【優(yōu)化指導(dǎo)】（課標全國）高考英語總復(fù)習 課時作業(yè)40 北師大版

【優(yōu)化指導(dǎo)】（課標全國）高考英語總復(fù)習 課時作業(yè)40 北師大版 一、閱讀理解AMany Americans take their summer vacations in August.President Obama and his family are among them.This August the first family visited the Florida Gulf Coast.The president wants to promote tourism in the area after the BP oil spill(漏油)The first family took a ten­day vacation on Martha's Vinejard，an island off the coast of Massachusetts.Martha's Vineyard is known for the sailing，sunsets and its tall cliffs overlooking the Atlantic Ocean.The island is about 13 kilometers off the coast and is less than 260 square kilometers.Homes designed like those of earlier times line the streets of Edgartown，Oak Bluffs and Vineyard Haven.These are the major towns on Martha's Vineyard.For most of the year，the population of Martha's Vineyard is about 15,000.In summer，more than 100,000 people crowd the island.In addition to the Obamas，you might see some Hollywood stars and other rich and famous people.Many visitors return year after year.During warm weather the Vineyard is a good place for many different activities.People can play golf or catch fish.They can ride in sailboats or motor boats.They can waterski and swim.They can take quiet walks along sandy beaches and among the thick green trees.One of the popular places for families with children is the Flying Horses Carousel in Oak Bluffs.It is the oldest continually operated merry­go­round ride in the United States.The colorful wood horses that turn in a circle were created in 1876.One of the best places for children to swim is the Joseph ASylvia state beach.The water there is warmer and calmer.Families also enjoy the Felix Neck Wildlife Sanctuary where they can observe much of the island wildlife.Visitors watch the sunsets sitting on the beach and on rocks in the fishing village of Menemsha.As the sun goes down in the sky it paints yellow，red，and other colors on the clouds.Fishing boats rise and fall with the waves.Bells sound to help guide the boats to land as darkness covers the water.Historians say British mapmaker Bartholomew Gosnold first made a map of the island for the rulers of England in 1602.Gosnold named the island to honor his baby daughter，Martha.The Vineyard part of the name came from the many wild grape vines Gosnold found on the island.Later，King Charles of England gave the island to businessman Thomas Mayhew of the Massachusetts Bay Colony，whose son established the first European settlement on the island in 1642.By the middle of the nineteenth century，ships from the American mainland began bringing visitors to the island.Big hotels were built near the edge of the water.Martha's Vineyard was on its way to becoming the visitors' center that it is today.1We can infer that _.Athe BP oil spill has a negative effect on the tourism along the Florida Gulf CoastBthe BP oil spill has contributed to the tourism along the Florida Gulf CoastCPresident Obama went to the Florida Gulf Coast to deal with the BP oil spillDthis was the first time that President Obama and his family had taken the vacation on Martha's Vineyard2Which month is the peak time for tourism in Martha's Vineyard?AJanuary.BAugust.CDecember. DMarch.3If children want to see wild animals，the family should go to _.Athe Flying Horses CarouselBthe Sylvia state beachCthe fishing village of MenemshaDthe Felix Neck Wildlife SanctuaryBWashington(Reuters)People who drink two or more sweetened soft drinks a week have a much higher risk of pancreatic cancer(胰腺癌)，an unusual but deadly cancer，researchers reported on Monday.People who drank mostly fruit juice instead of sodas did not have the same risk，the study of 60,000 people in Singapore found.Sugar may be to blame but people who drink sweetened sodas regularly often have other poor health habits，said Mark Pereira of the University of Minnesota，who led the study.“The high levels of sugar in soft drinks may be increasing the level of insulin(胰島素)in the body，which we think contributes to pancreatic cancer cell growth，”Pereira said in a statement.Writing in the journal Cancer Epidemiology，Biomarkers & Prevention，Pereira and his colleagues said they followed 60,524 men and women in the Singapore Chinese Health Study for 14 years.Over that time,140 of the volunteers developed pancreatic cancer.Those who drank two or more sweetened soft drinks a week had an 87 percent higher risk of being among those who got pancreatic cancer.Pereira said he believed the findings would apply elsewhere.“Singapore is a wealthy country with excellent healthcare.Favorite pastimes(消遣)are eating and shopping，so the findings should apply to other Western countries，”he said.But Susan Mayne of the Yale Cancer Center at Yale University in Connecticut was cautious.“Although this study found a risk，the finding was based on a relatively small number of cases and it remains unclear whether it is a causal(因果的)connection or not，”said Mayne，who serves on the board of the journal，which is published by the American Association for Cancer Research.Pancreatic cancer is one of the deadliest forms of cancer，with 230,000 cases globally.In the United States,37,680 people are diagnosed with pancreatic cancer in a year and 34,290 die of it.4According to the text，who is in control of the health study?AMark Pereira. BScientists from Singapore.CResearchers in Yale. DSusan Mayne.5We can infer from Pereira's words that _.Athe healthcare in Singapore should be greatly improvedB2 soft drinks a day are considered harmful to healthC87 out of 140 volunteers developed pancreatic cancerDsugar might not be the only cause of pancreatic cancer6How does Susan seem to feel about the findings of the study?ASatisfied. BDoubtful.CWorried. DHopeful.7The best title of the text might be“_”AThe Deadliest Forms of CancerBDrink Fruit Juice Instead of SodasCA Study in University of MinnesotaDSugary Soft Drinks Lead to Cancer二、短文填空根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Sleep is something we all do.But some people need to sleep more than others.Babies sleep most of the time.Children in school sleep about ten to twelve hours a night.Most adults sleep only seven or eight hours._1_All parts of our bodies have to rest after they work.Our arms need a rest after we lift heavy things.When we run fast，our legs work hard.They get tired.We have to rest them.Our brains work hard，too._2_ We can sit quite still and rest our arms and legs.But our brains aren't resting.They go right on thinking as long as we are awake.Our brains slow down a bit when we sleep and dream. _3_ Instead of thinking wide­awake thoughts，our brains make up dreams.Some dreams are very pleasing.Some are not.Most of the time we forget them when we wake up.Scientists have tried to find out what would happen if people were not allowed to sleep.They asked some people not to go to bed.The people stayed up all night and all the next day.They stayed up the next night too，and the day after.They played games，but they made mistakes.They forgot things._4_The people grew rude and mean.They became angry with their friends.Finally they were too tired to stand up.When they sat down，they fell asleep.Scientists have found that if people are not allowed to sleep and to dream，they act in an unusual way._5_ But we do know that we need it to stay well.So tonight have a good sleep.Lie down under the covers.Shut your eyes.Let your thoughts wander.Soon you'll stop thinking.You'll be asleep.AIt was hard for their tired brains to work.BWhen we are awake，they help us pay attention to the world around us.CBut babies，children，and adultsall of us need to have our sleep.DGood sleep helps to improve one's memory.ENo one knows why sleep is so good for us.FBut even as we sleep our brains are doing some work.GOf course you will have a good sleep.1_2._3._4._5_三、短文改錯假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯誤，每句中最多有兩處，每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號()，并在其下面寫上該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用斜線()劃掉。修改：在錯的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。注意：1.每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞；2只允許修改10處，多者(從第11處起)不計分。Recently，my classmates and I have participated the activity of Low­Carbon Living organized by the WWF.On the first day，we choose to go to school by bike or on foot other than by bus or car.Before we left the classroom，we made sure whether whether the lights and the computers were switched off.In order to make a full use of papers，we began to write on both sides.Besides，while shopping，we no longer used plastic bags but carried environmental friendly ones.I think how we did that day was meaningful，which can help us to form a good habit benefited the environment.We should also call on the people around us to do something for low­carbon living.Only in this way would the earth be a good place to live on.參考答案與解析課時作業(yè)(四十)Unit 20B卷一、閱讀理解解題導(dǎo)語：本文為說明文，介紹了美國著名的度假勝地Martha's Vineyard。解題導(dǎo)語：華盛頓路透社報道。研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，喝甜軟飲料的人更容易患胰腺癌一種非同尋常而又致命的癌癥。4解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段后半部分內(nèi)容可知這項健康研究的負責人是Mark Pereira。答案：A5解析：推理判斷題。第三段中Pereira提到糖分也許應(yīng)該受到責備，但那些喝甜軟飲料的人通常有其他不健康的習慣。答案：D6解析：推理判斷題。倒數(shù)第三段中提到耶魯大學癌癥中心的Susan Mayne對此非常謹慎，倒數(shù)第二段接著講述了她對此的看法，由此可推斷此人對這項研究發(fā)現(xiàn)持“懷疑”態(tài)度。答案：B7解析：主旨大意題。本文是研究報道，第一段是文章的中心段，根據(jù)本段的內(nèi)容可知此項最能概括解題導(dǎo)語，作為標題最合適。答案：D二、短文填空1C2.B3.F4.A5.E三、短文改錯