GPS測量與數(shù)據(jù)處理第五章GPS測量中的數(shù)據(jù)格式.ppt

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1,GPS測量與數(shù)據(jù)處理（本科生適用）,武漢大學測繪學院空間定位與導航工程研究所,2,聯(lián)系信息,辦公室：測繪學院4樓419室電話：027-68758505(office)Email：Ehwei@,2,3,理論課時：32節(jié)實驗課時：4節(jié)課程性質：專業(yè)必修學分：2所用教材：李征航，黃勁松編著，《GPS測量與數(shù)據(jù)處理（第二版）》，武漢大學出版社，2010課程網(wǎng)站：,3,課程設置,4,第五章GPS測量中的數(shù)據(jù)格式,5,GPS測量中的數(shù)據(jù)格式,5.1RINEX格式5.2SP3精密星歷數(shù)據(jù)格式,6,第一節(jié)RINEX格式,7,概述①,本機格式（NativeFormat）定義接收機內部存儲數(shù)據(jù)的格式存儲方式二進制內容觀測值廣播星歷電離層信息氣象元素…,8,概述②,本機格式（NativeFormat）（續(xù)）特點不同廠家接收機的本機格式各不相同與接收機配套的數(shù)據(jù)處理軟件（隨機軟件/商用軟件）一般可以直接讀取自身本機格式的數(shù)據(jù)，而不能讀取其它廠家本機格式的數(shù)據(jù)數(shù)據(jù)存儲緊湊，含有一些專有信息不利于多種型號的接收機聯(lián)合作業(yè),9,概述③,RINEX格式定義與接收機無關的數(shù)據(jù)交換格式/ReceiverINdependentExchange歷史1989年由AstronomicalInstitute，UniversityofBerne的WernerGurtner提出了第一個版本，當時的目的是處理EUREF89數(shù)據(jù)，現(xiàn)在最新的為3.01版存儲方式ASCII/文本文件,10,概述④,RINEX格式（續(xù)）內容觀測值星歷（導航信息）氣象數(shù)據(jù)鐘數(shù)據(jù)…特點通用性強，已成為事實上的標準利于多種型號的接收機聯(lián)合作業(yè)大多數(shù)軟件能夠處理,11,文件類型,觀測數(shù)據(jù)文件：GPS觀測值導航電文文件：GPS衛(wèi)星導航電文氣象數(shù)據(jù)文件：在測站處所測定的氣象數(shù)據(jù)GLONASS導航電文文件：GLONASS衛(wèi)星導航電文GEO導航電文文件：增強系統(tǒng)中搭載有類GPS信號發(fā)生器的地球同步衛(wèi)星（GEO）的導航電文衛(wèi)星和接收機鐘文件：衛(wèi)星和接收機時鐘信息的,12,命名規(guī)則,命名方法：8+3文件名命名規(guī)則例：wh022931.02o，wh022293.02n,13,文件結構①,組織形式按節(jié)、記錄（行）、字段和列所有文件均分為兩節(jié)：文件頭和數(shù)據(jù)記錄每個記錄占一行，不超過80列寬文件頭中每個記錄的第61~80列為標簽，說明記錄內容,14,文件結構②,觀測值文件結構,15,文件結構③,GPS導航電文文件結構,16,,文件結構④,氣象數(shù)據(jù)文件結構,17,文件格式說明①,格式說明符,18,文件格式說明②,RINEX觀測值文件的內容,2.10OBSERVATIONDATAM(MIXED)RINEXVERSION/TYPEBLANKORG=GPS,R=GLONASS,T=TRANSIT,M=MIXEDCOMMENTXXRINEXOV9.9AIUB24-MAR-0114:43PGM/RUNBY/DATEEXAMPLEOFAMIXEDRINEXFILECOMMENTA9080MARKERNAME9080.1.34MARKERNUMBERBILLSMITHABCINSTITUTEOBSERVER/AGENCYX1234A123XXZZZREC#/TYPE/VERS234YYANT#/TYPE4375274.587466.4589095.APPROXPOSITIONXYZ.9030.0000.0000ANTENNA:DELTAH/E/N11WAVELENGTHFACTL1/2126G14G15G16G17G18G19WAVELENGTHFACTL1/20RCVCLOCKOFFSAPPL4P1L1L2P2#/TYPESOFOBSERV18.000INTERVAL2001324131036.0000000TIMEOFFIRSTOBSENDOFHEADER01324131036.000000003G12G9G6-.12345678923629347.915.3008-.35323629364.15820891534.648-.1209-.35820891541.29220607600.189-.4309.39420607605.84801324131050.000000044122G9G12WAVELENGTHFACTL1/2***WAVELENGTHFACTORCHANGEDFOR2SATELLITES***COMMENTNOW8SATELLITESHAVEWLFACT1AND2!COMMENTCOMMENT01324131054.000000005G12G9G6R21R22-.12345678923619095.450-53875.6328-41981.37523619112.00820886075.667-28688.0279-22354.53520886082.10120611072.68918247.789914219.77020611078.41021345678.57612345.567522123456.78923456.7895,,,文件頭,文件體,,19,文件格式說明③,RINEX星歷文件的內容,2.10N:GPSNAVDATARINEXVERSION/TYPEXXRINEXNV2.10AIUB3-SEP-9915:22PGM/RUNBY/DATEEXAMPLEOFVERSION2.10FORMATCOMMENT.1676D-07.2235D-07-.1192D-06-.1192D-06IONALPHA.1208D+06.1310D+06-.1310D+06-.1966D+06IONBETA.133179128170D-06.107469588780D-125529601025DELTA-UTC:A0,A1,T,W13LEAPSECONDSENDOFHEADER69992175144.0-.839701388031D-03-.165982783074D-10.000000000000D+00.910000000000D+02.934062500000D+02.116040547840D-08.162092304801D+00.484101474285D-05.626740418375D-02.652112066746D-05.515365489006D+04.409904000000D+06-.242143869400D-07.329237003460D+00-.596046447754D-07.111541663136D+01.326593750000D+03.206958726335D+01-.638312302555D-08.307155651409D-09.000000000000D+00.102500000000D+04.000000000000D+00.000000000000D+00.000000000000D+00.000000000000D+00.910000000000D+02.406800000000D+06.000000000000D+001399921900.0.490025617182D-03.204636307899D-11.000000000000D+00.133000000000D+03-.963125000000D+02.146970407622D-08.292961152146D+01-.498816370964D-05.200239347760D-02.928156077862D-05.515328476143D+04.414000000000D+06-.279396772385D-07.243031939942D+01-.558793544769D-07.110192796930D+01.271187500000D+03-.232757915425D+01-.619632953057D-08-.785747015231D-11.000000000000D+00.102500000000D+04.000000000000D+00.000000000000D+00.000000000000D+00.000000000000D+00.389000000000D+03.410400000000D+06.000000000000D+00,,,文件頭,文件體,,20,文件格式說明④,RINEX氣象數(shù)據(jù)文件的內容,2.10METEOROLOGICALDATARINEXVERSION/TYPEXXRINEXMV9.9AIUB3-APR-9600:10PGM/RUNBY/DATEEXAMPLEOFAMETDATAFILECOMMENTA9080MARKERNAME3PRTDHR#/TYPESOFOBSERVPAROSCIENTIFIC740-16B0.2PRSENSORMOD/TYPE/ACCHAENNI0.1TDSENSORMOD/TYPE/ACCROTRONICI-240W5.0HRSENSORMOD/TYPE/ACC0.00.00.01234.5678PRSENSORPOSXYZ/HENDOFHEADER96410015987.110.689.596410030987.210.990.096410045987.111.689.0,,,文件頭,文件體,,21,第二節(jié)SP3精密星歷數(shù)據(jù)格式,22,概述①,定義StandardProduct#3一種精密星歷格式，IGS精密星歷采用此格式歷史1985年美國NGS（NationalGeodeticSurvey）公布SP1、ECF1、SP2、ECF21989年加入EF13以上格式均未考慮衛(wèi)星鐘信息1989年提出SP3、ECF3和EF18，1991年正式發(fā)布,23,概述②,存儲方式ASCII內容精密星歷（每隔15分鐘給出1個衛(wèi)星的位置、鐘差（P型），有時還給出衛(wèi)星的速度、鐘漂（V型））特點提供精密星歷,24,命名規(guī)則,命名方法：8+3文件名命名規(guī)則例：igs11065.sp3(.Z)，igr11065.sp3(.Z),25,文件結構,組織形式按節(jié)、記錄（行）、字段和列所有文件均分為兩節(jié)文件頭：前22行數(shù)據(jù)記錄：22行之后每個記錄占一行，不超過60列寬,26,文件格式說明,內容,#aP2001318000.0000000096ORBITIGS97HLMIGS##11060.00000000900.00000000519860.0000000000000+281234567891011131417181920+2122232425262728293031000000+00000000000000000+00000000000000000+00000000000000000++45554554545555554++55544447544000000++00000000000000000++00000000000000000++00000000000000000%ccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccc%ccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccc%f0.00000000.0000000000.000000000000.000000000000000%f0.00000000.0000000000.000000000000.000000000000000%i000000000%i000000000/*RAPIDORBITCOMBINATIONFROMWEIGHTEDAVERAGEOF:/*codemresagfzigujplngssiousn/*REFERENCEDTOGPSCLOCKANDTOWEIGHTEDMEANPOLE:/*CLKANTZ-OFFSET(M):II/IIA1.023;IIR0.000*2001318000.00000000P11137.66233324450.41993510434.025839168.957503P222554.1648466701.404774-12156.548088-354.131603P3-12835.80324919823.52606012033.73827912.655252P426036.203647-5147.508988-2778.935922693.981565P5-8981.105708-20915.047563-13823.748269291.406843P6-7243.996679-19828.27519416147.726225-0.315725P715634.362803-542.356344-21103.968489578.771698,,,文件頭,文件體,,27,文件格式說明,P型文件,#aP19941217000.0000000096dITR92FITNGS##779518400.00000000900.00000000497030.0000000000000+25124567912141516171819202122+2324252627282931000000000+00000000000000000+00000000000000000+00000000000000000++76555555565555655++55655555000000000++00000000000000000++00000000000000000++00000000000000000%ccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccc%ccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccc%f0.00000000.0000000000.000000000000.000000000000000%f0.00000000.0000000000.000000000000.000000000000000%i000000000%i000000000/*CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC/*CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC/*CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC/*CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC*19941217000.00000000P116258.524750-3529.015750-20611.427050-62.540600P2-21998.652100-8922.093550-12229.824050-131.326200P4-26019.5476004809.810900-2508.5782003.544600P57014.95020021130.960300-14387.33465079.692800***P2813204.937750-20485.53340010794.78700055.200800P29-1638.431050-24391.47920010455.3126503.690300P316265.255800-25687.986950-753.35900070.830800*199412170150.00000000P115716.820135-1169.850490-21281.578766-62.542746P2-22813.261065-9927.616864-9816.490189-131.328686,28,文件格式說明,V型文件,#AV19941217000.0000000096DITR92FITNGS##779518400.00000000900.00000000497030.0000000000000+25124567912141516171819202122+2324252627282931000000000+00000000000000000+00000000000000000+00000000000000000++76555555565555655++55655555000000000++00000000000000000++00000000000000000++00000000000000000%ccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccc%ccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccc%f0.00000000.0000000000.000000000000.000000000000000%f0.00000000.0000000000.000000000000.000000000000000%i000000000%i000000000/*CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC/*CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC/*CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC/*CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC*19941217000.00000000P116258.524750-3529.015750-20611.427050-62.540600V1-6560.37352225605.954994-9460.427179-0.024236P2-21998.652100-8922.093550-12229.824050-131.326200V2-9852.750736-12435.17631325738.634180-0.029422P4-26019.5476004809.810900-2508.5782003.544600V42559.038002-3340.527442-31621.4908380.016744***P29-1638.431050-24391.47920010455.3126503.690300V295754.005457-12065.761570-27707.0562730.003537P316265.255800-25687.986950-753.35900070.830800V313053.344058-63.09175031910.4547570.033749,29,軌道內插,常用內插方法拉格朗日多項式內插（LagrangePolynomialInterpolation）三次樣條內插（CubicSplineInterpolation）三角多項式內插（TrigonometricPolynomialInterpolation）切比雪夫多項式內插（TshebyshevPolynomialInterpolation）,30,軌道內插(☆),拉格朗日多項式內插算法內插精度采用17階多項式，精度可優(yōu)于5mm,31,軌道內插,拉格朗日多項式內插（續(xù)）注意事項：要對某一時段的軌道進行內插，精密軌道數(shù)據(jù)應完全覆蓋該時段，并且前后各有至少9個歷元的延伸下載數(shù)據(jù)時，需要觀測當天及前后各一天的數(shù)據(jù),32,幾個相關的網(wǎng)址,GODDARDSPACEFLIGHTCENTERhttp://cddis.gsfc.nasa.govorftp://cddis.gsfc.nasa.govIGSCBftp://igscb.jpl.nasa.govCODEftp.unibe.chUCSDftp://garner.ucsd.eduJPLftp://sideshow.jpl.nasa.govKASIftp://nfs.kasi.re.kr,