2019高中英語 Unit 1 Breaking records Section Ⅱ Learning about Language教案（含解析）新人教選修9.doc

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Section Ⅱ Learning about Language Ⅰ.高頻單詞點(diǎn)擊 1．sacred adj. 宗教的，莊嚴(yán)的，神圣的 2．deed n．行為，功績(jī) 3．conception n．主意；計(jì)劃→concept n．觀念，概念 4．tact n．機(jī)敏；乖巧；老練；技巧→tactful adj.乖巧的，得體的 5．regret vt.& vi.后悔；感到抱歉→repentance n．后悔 6．wisdom n．智慧→wise adj.英明的；聰穎的 7．virtue n．美德 8．noble adj.高尚的；貴族的 n．貴族 9．doom vt.注定；判決 n．厄運(yùn)；毀滅 Ⅱ.常用句型必備 However_severe_the_journey_is，as_long_as I am with nature，I dont care. Ⅲ.單元語法聚焦 The Subject(主語) [單詞點(diǎn)擊] 1．conception n．主意，計(jì)劃，構(gòu)思，設(shè)想，意圖 the conception of sb./sth.對(duì)……的構(gòu)思、設(shè)想 I have no conception of what you mean. 我完全不懂你的意思。 conception，concept (1)conception抽象名詞，不可數(shù)名詞，有時(shí)作可數(shù)名詞時(shí)與concept意思相近，但它所表示的概念、看法是某個(gè)人或某個(gè)團(tuán)體中的人所認(rèn)為正確的東西，帶有想象和感情色彩。 Science has overturned many old conception of life. 科學(xué)已經(jīng)推翻了關(guān)于生命的許多陳舊觀念。 (2)concept n．[C]指從一個(gè)個(gè)實(shí)例中概括出來的一種“概念”或?yàn)槿藗儚V泛接受的事物推測(cè)。 A small baby has no concept of right and wrong. 嬰兒沒有是非觀念。 　　 　 He________how difficult life is if you are unemployed. A．has no conception　　　 B．has no conception for C．has no conception on D．has no conception of 解析：選D　have no conception of “對(duì)……不懂”。句意：他對(duì)你失業(yè)后生活多么困難完全不知道。 2．regret n．遺憾，悔恨，抱歉，歉意 vt.為……感到遺憾，后悔 He told me with regret that he could not e to the party.他很抱歉地對(duì)我說他不能來參加這個(gè)聚會(huì)了。 I didnt regret the choice I had made. 我做了這個(gè)選擇并不后悔。 (1)regret　　 后悔做了某事 regret to say/tell/inform ...that ... 遺憾地說(告知)…… regret that ... 遺憾…… (2)with great/deep regret 很遺憾 to ones regret 讓某人感到遺憾的是 Jerry did not regret giving the ment but felt that he could have expressed it differently. (北京高考單項(xiàng)填空) 杰里不后悔給出評(píng)論，但是覺得自己本來可以用不同的方式來表達(dá)的。 We regret to inform you that your application has not been successful. 我們很遺憾地通知您，您的申請(qǐng)未通過。 Much to our regret, we will not be able to visit you next year. 讓我們深感遺憾的是，我們明年不能去拜訪你了。 　 　 —Robert is indeed a wise man. —Oh，yes.How often I have regretted________his advice! A．to take　　　　　　　　 B．taking C．not to take D．not taking 解析：選D　本題考查非謂語動(dòng)詞形式。根據(jù)對(duì)話語境可知，第二個(gè)說話人未接受Robert的建議而感到后悔，故選D項(xiàng)。regret(not)doing sth.表示“后悔(沒)做了某事”。 3．doom n．[U]死亡，毀滅，厄運(yùn)，劫數(shù) v．使……在劫難逃，注定……失敗 The marriage was doomed from the start. 這樁婚姻從一開始就注定要破裂。 doom sb./sth.to...　　　　注定……(失敗) The plan is doomed to failure because it isnt practical. 這個(gè)計(jì)劃注定要失敗，因?yàn)樗磺袑?shí)際了。 　　 　 Those who do not learn from history________repeat it. A．doom B．a(chǎn)re doomed to C．doom to D．a(chǎn)re doomed 解析：選B　句意：不從歷史中吸取教訓(xùn)的人注定會(huì)重蹈覆轍。doom sb. to do sth.“某人注定要……”。 [句型歸納] However_severe the journey is，as_long_as I am with nature，I dont care. 只要能接觸大自然，我不在乎旅途多么勞累。 這是一個(gè)復(fù)合句。however引導(dǎo)了一個(gè)讓步狀語從句；as long as引導(dǎo)了一個(gè)條件狀語從句，表示“只要”。 However sly a fox may be，it is no match for a good hunter. 狐貍再狡猾也敵不過好獵手。 You can go out as long as you promise to be back before 8. 如果你保證八點(diǎn)以前回來，你可以出去。 　 　 —Have you got any idea for the summer vacation? —I dont mind where we go________theres sun，sea and beach. A．a(chǎn)s if B．a(chǎn)s long as C．now than D．in order that 解析：選B　句意：“暑假有什么打算？”“去什么地方都行，只要有陽光、大海和沙灘就可以了。”as long as“只要”，引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句。 主　語 英語的句子成分一般分為九種，即：主語、謂語、賓語、表語、定語、補(bǔ)語(主補(bǔ)和賓補(bǔ))、狀語、同位語和插入語。本單元我們來討論主語。 主語是執(zhí)行句子的行為或動(dòng)作的主體，說明句子描述的是誰或什么情況。可作主語的通常有：名詞(詞組)、代詞、數(shù)詞、動(dòng)詞的ing形式、動(dòng)詞不定式和從句。 1．名詞 Our school is not far from my house. 我們學(xué)校離我家不遠(yuǎn)。 The government should lay emphasis on education. 政府應(yīng)該重視教育。 提示：有時(shí)作主語的是名詞性或名詞化的詞、詞組或短語。 “The” is an article.the是個(gè)冠詞。 The wounded should be sent to hospital at once. 受傷人員應(yīng)立即送往醫(yī)院。 The Selected Poems of Li Bai was published 10 years ago.《李白詩選》是十年前出版的。 2．代詞 We should be more concerned about the elderly and disabled.我們要多關(guān)心老人和殘疾人。 Those who do not listen attentively will make mistakes. 不注意聽講的人會(huì)犯錯(cuò)誤。 Everything is easier if you enjoy doing it. 只要你喜歡萬事都不難做。 3．?dāng)?shù)詞 Two plus two is four.二加二等于四。 4．動(dòng)詞的ing形式 Failing to plan is planning to fail. 疏于計(jì)劃就是在計(jì)劃失敗。 Seeing is believing.眼見為實(shí)。 下列結(jié)構(gòu)中一般用動(dòng)詞的ing形式作主語： It is no use crying over spilt milk.覆水難收。 5．動(dòng)詞不定式 To travel hopefully is a better thing to arrive. 懷著希望去旅行比抵達(dá)目的地更愉快。 To rebuild the house will cost a lot of money. 重建這所房子要花很多錢。 提示：不定式作主語時(shí)，可用it作形式主語，而把它放在謂語后面。 It will cost a lot of money to rebuild this house. 重建這所房子要花很多錢。 【辨析】　動(dòng)名詞作主語表示泛指性的行為，而不定式往往表示具體的或一次性的動(dòng)作。 Playing with fire is dangerous.(泛指) 玩火很危險(xiǎn)。 To refuse him is not easy this time.(具體的動(dòng)作) 這次很難拒絕他。 6．從句 從句可以在復(fù)合句中作主句的主語。 What is done cannot be undone.做過的事不能再還原。 How they will solve the problem remains to be seen. 他們?cè)鯓咏鉀Q這個(gè)問題，還有待觀察。 That we are invited to the concert this evening is good news to us.(that不可省略)我們被邀請(qǐng)去參加今晚的音樂會(huì)，這對(duì)我們來說是個(gè)好消息。 Whether he will e or not doesnt matter.(whether不可換成if)他是否來無所謂。 提示：①主語從句放在句首，句子常顯得笨重，因此，可以用引導(dǎo)詞“it”來作形式主語，而把它移到句子的后面。 It is good news to us that we are invited to the concert this evening. ②what引導(dǎo)的主語從句一般放在句首。 What he said is quite right. ③whether引導(dǎo)的主語從句在句首，不能用if替換。 Whether he will e is doubtful. 1．(天津高考)I think ________ impresses me about his painting is the colours he uses. A．what B．that C．which D．who 解析：選A　考查名詞性從句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，think后是一個(gè)復(fù)合賓語從句，該從句中含有主語從句和定語從句，主語從句中缺少主語，因此排除B項(xiàng)；這里沒有范圍，可排除C項(xiàng)；由句意可知，這里不指人，因此排除D項(xiàng)。 2．(陜西高考)________ the delayed flight will take off depends much on the weather. A．Why B．When C．That D．What 解析：選B　 考查名詞性從句。句意：那班被延誤的航班將什么時(shí)間起飛很大程度上取決于天氣。根據(jù)句子的結(jié)構(gòu)來判斷，________ the delayed flight will take off是主語從句，再根據(jù)句子的意思來判斷，此處表示“什么時(shí)間”。故答案為B。 3．(天津高考) ________ in my life impressed me so deeply as my first visit to the Palace Museum. A．Anything B．Nothing C．Everything D．Something 解析：選B　此題考查代詞。由so...as可知，此句為否定句。故選B項(xiàng)。 4．(重慶高考)To improve the quality of our products，we asked for suggestions ________ had used the products. A．whoever B．who C．whichever D．which 解析：選A　考查連詞。whoever引導(dǎo)賓語從句，并在從句中作主語，相當(dāng)于anyone who。 5．(陜西高考)The cost of renting a house in central Xi an is higher than ________ in any other area of the city. A．that B．this C．it D．one 解析：選A　此題考查代詞。that指前文中的the cost。句意：在西安市中心租賃房屋的價(jià)格遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)高于西安市其他地方的價(jià)格。 6．(浙江高考) ________ thats important is that you are doing your best and moving in the right direction. A．One B．All C．Everything D．Anything 解析：選B　考查代詞?？崭裰兴x的代詞在整個(gè)句子中作主語，后面的thats important作了主語的定語，all that相當(dāng)于what，所以選B項(xiàng)。 7．(江西高考)Swimming is my favorite sport. There is ________ like swimming as a means of keeping fit. A．something B．a(chǎn)nything C．nothing D．everything 解析：選C　考查不定代詞。根據(jù)題干語境可知，此處為否定句式表達(dá)最高級(jí)意思。故用nothing。There is nothing like...沒有什么更能……了。 8．(湖南高考)Listening to loud music at rock concerts ________ caused hearing loss in some teenagers. A．is B．a(chǎn)re C．has D．have 解析：選C　考查語態(tài)和主謂一致。該句是一個(gè)含有主謂賓的主動(dòng)句。其中的主語和賓語均為動(dòng)名詞短語。當(dāng)動(dòng)名詞短語作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。故選C項(xiàng)。 9．(陜西高考)It never occurred to me ________ you could succeed in persuading him to change his mind. A．which B．what C．that D．if 解析：選C　此題考查主語從句。句意：我真想不到你竟然說服了他，使他改變了主意。It occurred to sb. that...為常用句型，表示“某人想到……”，其中it為形式主語，that從句為真正的主語。 10．(浙江高考)It is uncertain ________ side effect the medicine will bring about，although about two thousand patients have taken it. A．that B．what C．how D．whether 解析：選B　考查名詞性從句。此處是由what引導(dǎo)的主語從句，指代it的具體內(nèi)容，it是形式主語，所以這里選B項(xiàng)。 Ⅰ.單項(xiàng)填空 1．________is a good form of exercise for both old and young. A．The walk B．Walk C．To walk D．Walking 解析：選D　句子缺少主語，用walking作主語。 2．________fashion differs from country to country may reflect the cultural differences from one respect. A．What B．That C．This D．Which 解析：選B　分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，主語從句不缺少成分，故用that引導(dǎo)。 3．—What made Susan so angry? —________in the rain for a long time. A．Being kept waiting B．Being kept to wait C．Because of waiting D．She was kept waiting 解析：選A　選項(xiàng)代替的是句中what的內(nèi)容，即主語，可排除C項(xiàng)；keep sb. doing“使某人一直做”，排除B項(xiàng)。故用A項(xiàng)。若選D項(xiàng)，she 前應(yīng)加連詞that。 4．________ she was invited to the ball made her very happy. A．Whether B．That C．Because D．What 解析：選B　句意：她被邀請(qǐng)參加舞會(huì)使她很高興。________ she was invited to the ball 為主語從句，引導(dǎo)詞在從句中不作任何成分，沒有任何含義，只起連接詞的作用，故選that。 5．I dont think three days________enough for such a trip. A．is B．a(chǎn)re C．should be D．has been 解析：選A　時(shí)間、貨幣等的計(jì)量單位作主語時(shí)，被視為整體看待，句子的謂語應(yīng)用單數(shù)形式。 6．The Arabian Nights________well known to English lovers. A．have been B．a(chǎn)re C．were D．is 解析：選D　句子主語是書名，謂語用單數(shù)。 7．________ is known to us all is that the 2016 Olympic Games will take place in Rio de Janeiro.　 A．It B．What C．As D．Which 解析：選B　句意：眾所周知，2016奧運(yùn)會(huì)將在里約熱內(nèi)盧舉行。________ is known to us all為主語從句，引導(dǎo)詞引導(dǎo)主語從句且在從句中作主語，應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞what。 8．No one in the department but Tom and I________that the director is going to resign. A．knows B．know C．have known D．a(chǎn)m to know 解析：選A　由句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析，no one作主語，句子用單數(shù)。 9．I have finished a large part of the novel written by Dickens, the rest of which ________ very difficult. A．is B．a(chǎn)re C．was D．were 解析：選A　句意：我看完了那本狄更斯寫的小說的大部分，其余的很難。the rest of指的是前面提到的novel，故謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)該是單數(shù)。 10．Something as simple as________some cold water may clear your mind and relieve pressure. A．to drink B．drinking C．to be drinking D．drunk 解析：選B　句意：簡(jiǎn)單到如喝涼水之類的事情可以幫你醒腦并緩解壓力。drinking在句中作主語的一部分。 Ⅱ.完形填空 I close my eyes and can still hear her—the little girl with a __1__so strong and powerful we could hear her halfway down the block.She was a(n)__2__peasant who asked for money and __3__gave the only thing she had—her voice.I paused outside a small shop and listened.She brought to my mind the __4__of Little Orphan Annie.I could not understand the words she __5__，but her voice begged for __6__.It stood out from the noises of Arbat Street，pure and impressive，like the chime of a bell.She sang __7__an oldstyle lamp post in the shadow of a building，her arms extended and __8__thrown back.She was small and of unremarkable looks.Her brown hair __9__the bun(發(fā)髻)it had been pulled into，and she occasionally reached up to __10__a stray piece from her face.Her clothing I cant recall.Her voice，on the other hand，is __11__imprinted in my mind. I asked one of the translators about the girl.Elaina told me that she and hundreds of others like her throughout the __12__Soviet Union add to their families，ine by working on the streets.The children are unable to __13__school，and their parents work fulltime.These children know that the consequence of an __14__day is no food for the table.Similar situations occurred during the Depression(蕭條)in the United States，but those American children were __15__shoeshine boys of the __16__.This girl was real to me. When we walked past her I gave her money.It was not out of pity __17__rather admiration.Her smile of __18__did not interrupt her singing.The girl watched us as we walked down the street.I know this because when I looked back she smiled again.We __19__that smile，and I knew I could never forget her courage and __20__strength. 1．A.will B．strength C．voice D．determination 解析：選C　由第3空所在句子破折號(hào)后的her voice可知答案。 2．A.American B．Chinese C．Japanese D．Russian 解析：選D　由12空后的Soviet Union可知答案。 3．A.in return B．in turn C．by hand D．in silence 解析：選A　用僅有的歌聲來回報(bào)。in return“作為報(bào)答”；in turn“輪流”；by hand“手工的”；in silence“沉默地”。 4．A.voice B．image C．story D．looks 解析：選B　她讓“我”想起小孤兒安妮(美國漫畫人物)的“形象”。 5．A.said B．murmured C．used D．sang 解析：選D　由第3空：她用歌聲作為回報(bào)或第7空前的she sang可知答案。 6．A.attention B．love C．help D．mercy 解析：選A　從前文who asked for money可知她唱歌的目的是為了吸引行人的“注意”，讓別人給她錢。 7．A.across B．from C．under D．from underneath 解析：選D　句意：她站在大樓下面的一盞老式路燈下。此處用雙介詞使含義更加豐富。 8．A.hands B．feet C．head D．face 解析：選C　句意：唱歌時(shí)伸著雙臂仰著頭。 9．A.fell out B．escaped C．did up D．tied to 解析：選B　句意：棕色的頭發(fā)從發(fā)髻上散落下來。fall out“(頭發(fā))脫落”為不及物動(dòng)詞短語；do up“盤發(fā)”；tie to“扎”；escape此處指“某物從某處滑落”。 10．A.remove B．tear C．cut off D．dress 解析：選A　句意：她不時(shí)抬手撩開散落在臉上的發(fā)絲。remove“移開；移動(dòng)”；tear“撕掉”；cut off“修剪，剪掉”；dress“裝飾”。 11．A.never B．permanently C．occasionally D．sometimes 解析：選B　句意：我記不起她穿的是什么衣服，可她的聲音卻永遠(yuǎn)刻在了我的腦海里。 12．A.latter B．rich C．former D．great 解析：選C　former soviet Union“前蘇聯(lián)”。 13．A.attend B．finish C．leave D．enjoy 解析：選A　attend school“上學(xué)”。 14．A.unhappy B．unsatisfied C．unusual D．unsuccessful 解析：選D　句意：如果一天的乞討沒有收獲，就意味著沒有飯吃。 15．A.faced B．real C．faceless D．visible 解析：選C　句意：但在我心目中，20年代美國的那些窮困孩子只是一些模糊的擦鞋男童的形象。faceless“無特性的；不知來歷的”，符合語境。 16．A.twenties B．thirties C．forties D．teens 解析：選A　根據(jù)常識(shí)可知，美國上個(gè)世紀(jì)20年代發(fā)生了經(jīng)濟(jì)危機(jī)。此處不表年紀(jì)，而是指年代。 17．A.and B．while C．but D．or 解析：選C　不是出于憐憫，而是因?yàn)闅J佩。not...but...“不是……而是……”。 18．A.contempt B．pity C．bitterness D．thanks 解析：選D　句意：她表示謝意的微笑并沒有影響她唱歌。smile of contempt“輕蔑的笑”；smile of pity“憐憫的笑”；smile of bitterness“苦笑”。故選D。 19．A.stopped B．shared C．won D．exchanged 解析：選B　share that smile“一起笑；共享微笑”；win that smile“贏得笑聲”；exchange smiles“相互一笑”。 20．A.full B．inner C．brave D．fighting 解析：選B　由courage可知，inner“內(nèi)在的”，與文意相符。inner strength“內(nèi)心的力量”。