2019高中英語 Unit 4 Learning efficiently Section Ⅲ Using Language教案（含解析）新人教選修1 0.doc

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Section Ⅲ Using Language Ⅰ.高頻單詞點(diǎn)擊 1．resemble (vt.)像，類似→resemblance (n.)類似，相似點(diǎn) 2．tend (vi.)傾向→tendency (n.)傾向，趨勢 3．messy (adj.)骯臟的，凌亂的→mess (n.)雜亂；紛亂；混亂 4．tiresome (adj.)煩人的，令人厭煩的→tire (v.)使厭煩→tired (adj.)厭煩的→tiring (adj.)令人疲倦的，辛苦的 5．vague (adj.)含糊的，不清楚的→vaguely (adv.)含糊地，曖昧地 6．bonus (n.)紅利，獎(jiǎng)金，津貼 7．oral (adj.)口頭的，口述的→orally (adv.)口頭上，用口述；口服地 8．ponent (n.)成分，組成部分 9．concrete (adj.)具體的，有形的 Ⅱ.重點(diǎn)短語必記 1．tend to (do sth.)　　　　　　 易于，往往會(做某事) 2．go shopping 去購物 3．rely on 依靠，依賴 4．have trouble (in) doing sth. 做某事費(fèi)力 5．concentrate on 集中精力于 6．a(chǎn)dd up 加起來 7．make sense 有意義 8．congratulations on 祝賀…… Ⅲ.常用句型必備 1．I find it tiresome to sit and concentrate on anything for a long time. 2．It’s never too late to learn. Ⅳ.功能意念項(xiàng)目 Give advice 1．You should... 2．Why don’t you...? 3．How about...? 4．It’s worth a go. 5．Do you know what else you might be able to do? 6．I’ve thought something you could do. [單詞點(diǎn)擊] 1．resemble vt.像；類似 resemble sb./sth.in sth.在……方面像…… She resembles her sister in appearance but not in character.她的外表像她姐姐，但性格不像。 He strongly resembles his father.他酷似他的父親。 溫馨提示：(1)resemble不能用于進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)中，也無被動語態(tài)。 (2)resemble是及物動詞，本身已含有“與……”的意思，故不必再加多余的with。 resemblance n．相似，相像 have some/no/little resemblance (s) to sb./sth. 與某人/物在某方面有一些/沒有/幾乎不相似 He has a strong resemblance to his father. 他長得很像他父親。 Your story seems to have no resemblances to the facts.你所說的似乎與事實(shí)不符。 resemble，similar，alike，like (1)resemble“相似，類似”，是及物動詞，動詞前后是相比較的對象。 My sister resembles my mother in looks. 我姐姐長得像我媽媽。 (2)similar adj.“類似的”，常與介詞to搭配使用，且可作前置定語修飾名詞。 We have similar hobbies.我們有相同的愛好。 (3)alike可作形容詞或副詞，“相似的，同樣的”，有點(diǎn)側(cè)重于“無差別的”意思，作形容詞時(shí)只能作表語，不能作前置定語。 She treats all her children alike. 她對她所有的子女都一視同仁。 (4)like adj.“相似的，同樣的”，強(qiáng)調(diào)相比較的事物有相似的性質(zhì)，既可作表語又可作定語。 Like causes，like results.相似的原因產(chǎn)生相似的結(jié)果。 　 　 (1)The two objects resemble with each other in nature. ________________________________________________________________________ (2)The girls were all dressed like. ________________________________________________________________________ (3)Your views on reading are similar with mine. ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：(1)去掉with　(2)like→alike　(3)with→to 2．tend vi. 傾向；趨向vt.照料，照管；接待，服侍 tend to do sth.　　　　 易于……，有……的趨勢 tend to/towards sth. 朝某方向；趨于；趨向 I tend to know Middle Eastern countries pretty well. 我還算是比較熟悉中東國家的吧！ The coastline tends to/towards the south here. 海岸線在此處轉(zhuǎn)向南方。 tendency n．　　　　　　　 趨向，傾向；脾性 have a tendency to do 有做……的傾向 His tendency to speak ill of others makes his roommates angry. 他老是說別人的壞話，使同寢室的人很生氣。 　 　 (1)He __________________________(容易生氣) when people oppose to his plan. (2)She has ________________________(有傾向) forget things. 答案：(1)tends to get angry　(2)a tendency to 3．messy adj. 骯臟的，凌亂的，混亂的 The house is always messy.這房子總是亂糟糟的。 It was a messy job.這是一份很臟的工作。 mess n．　　　　　 骯臟；混亂；許多；大量 v. 弄臟，弄亂 in a mess 雜亂，在困境中 mess up 弄糟 make a mess of 把……搞糟 He was scolded for his making a mess of things. 他因把事情搞糟了而受到責(zé)備。 This wind will mess my hair up. 這風(fēng)會吹亂我的頭發(fā)。 　 　 (1)Will you stop ________________(胡鬧) and get on with your work? (2)The economy of the country is ________________________(陷入困境)． (3)I don’t want you to ________________ (弄亂) my nice clean kitchen. 答案：(1)messing around　(2)in a mess　(3)mess up 4．tiresome adj. 令人厭煩的，煩人的 This is really a tiresome job. 這真是令人厭煩的工作。 How tiresome！I have left my watch behind. 真煩人！我忘記戴手表了。 tire v．　　　　　　　　　　 使……累 tired adj. 感到累的 tiring adj. 令人厭倦的 get tired of＝be tired of 對……厭倦 be/get tired from/with 因?yàn)椤鴦诶? I’m/get tired of listening to the same music. 我討厭總是聽相同的音樂。 The boy was tired from long study. 男孩因長時(shí)間的學(xué)習(xí)而感到累了。 　 (1)Reading small print ________ the eyes very much. (2)This child is sometimes ________. (3)He got ________ of teaching in the same school. 答案：(1)tires　(2)tiresome　(3)tired [短語精析] 　go shopping去購物 go＋v.ing/do＋v.ing短語小結(jié)： 　　 We went camping last Sunday. 上周日我們?nèi)ヒ盃I了。 I usually do some reading every Saturday. 我每周六都會讀些東西。 　　 —What shall we do this weekend? ______________(爬山)or ________________(劃船)? —I’d like to __________________ (釣魚)． 答案：Go climbing；go boating；go fishing [句型歸納] 1．I find it tiresome to sit and concentrate on anything for a long time. 如果長時(shí)間坐著并集中注意力于某事，我會感到很厭倦。 這是find＋it(形式賓語)＋賓語補(bǔ)足語(形容詞/名詞)＋動詞不定式(真正賓語)句型。 (1)此句型完整的形式是：主語＋think/feel/make/consider...＋it＋n./adj.＋for/of sb.to do...。其中for/of引出動詞不定式的邏輯主語。其中it是形式賓語，代替不定式。類似的動詞還有：believe，feel，think，consider等。 I consider it possible to have a talk with him. 我認(rèn)為與他交談一下是有可能的。 I think it important for him to learn English well. 我認(rèn)為學(xué)好英語對他很重要。 (2)it作形式賓語也可以代替從句。 I have made it clear that I object to the plan. 我已經(jīng)表明我反對這個(gè)計(jì)劃。 (3)當(dāng)賓語補(bǔ)足語是no use，no good等這些單詞的時(shí)候，真正的賓語要用動名詞。 I consider it no use talking with him；he won’t listen to others.我認(rèn)為和他交談無用，他不會聽別人的話的。 (4)it 作為形式賓語還可以用在像I appreciate/like/hate it that/when ...等句式中。 I like it when there are friends around me. 我喜歡有朋友和我在一起。 I like ________ in the autumn when the weather is clear and bright. A．this B．that C．it D．one 解析：選C　句意為：在秋天，我喜歡陽光明媚，萬里無云的時(shí)候。此處it是形式賓語，真正的賓語是由從句when the weather is clear and bright充當(dāng)?shù)摹? 2．It’s never too late to learn.活到老，學(xué)到老。 本句為“too ... to ...”結(jié)構(gòu)，表示“太……而不能……”。 The question is too difficult to answer. 這個(gè)問題太難回答了。 It’s too late for the work to be done. 太晚了，工作做不完。 (1)too...to...和表示人的心理狀態(tài)的形容詞連用，無否定意義，此類詞有happy，glad，ready，anxious，eager，willing，pleased，thankful等。 He is too ready to talk.他愛說話。 (2)把never/not等否定詞放在too前，表示肯定，譯作“并不太……所以能……”；加在to前，譯作“太……不至于不……”。 It is never too late to learn.活到老學(xué)到老。 He is too careful not to have noticed it. 他那么細(xì)心不會注意不到這點(diǎn)。 (3)cannot...too...無論……也不過分，越……越好 You cannot be too careful when driving a car. 你開車時(shí)無論怎么仔細(xì)也不過分。 The shop manager always says to his assistants，“We can never be ________ polite to our customers.” A．so B．too C．that D．more 解析：選B　never too polite to our customers意為“對我們的顧客越有禮貌越好”。 3．I like to follow a map rather than written or spoken directions. 我喜歡按照地圖而不是書面，或口頭指示(找到目的地)。 (1)rather與than連用時(shí)，其作用相當(dāng)于連詞，通常用于平行結(jié)構(gòu)中。常譯為“與其說……不如說……”；“不是……而是……”。 She is a teacher rather than an artist. 她是老師而不是藝術(shù)家。 I’m rather bored than tired. 我與其說疲憊，不如說是厭倦。 (2)rather than可用于prefer之后，構(gòu)成句型：sb.prefer to do sth.rather than do sth.，常譯為“寧愿……而不愿……”。 He preferred to stay at home watching TV rather than go to the concert. 他寧愿坐在家里看電視也不愿去聽音樂會。 (3)rather than后接動詞不定式時(shí)，可省略不定式符號to。 I decided to write rather than (to) telephone. 我決定寫信而不是打電話。 or rather　　　　　　 　　 　 確切地說 other than 除了 would rather do A than do B 寧愿做A而不愿做B He had no friends other than Mary. 他除了瑪麗，沒有朋友。 Her husband got home late，or rather at one o’clock in the morning.她丈夫回家很晚，確切地說，是凌晨1點(diǎn)。 I would rather ________ home than ________ on a trip in such a rainy day. A．stay；go B．to stay；to go C．stay；to go D．to stay；go 解析：選A　would rather do...than do...寧愿做……而不愿做……。 建 議 信 建議信是書信的一種，屬應(yīng)用文范疇，寫這類文章應(yīng)注意以下幾點(diǎn)： (1)細(xì)讀提示，認(rèn)真審題。 審體裁：說明自己的建議。 定格式：書信的正確格式(開頭及結(jié)尾)。 定人稱：根據(jù)內(nèi)容需要，對人稱合理的選擇，定位，(一般第一人稱)。 定時(shí)態(tài)：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)和將來時(shí)態(tài)。 (2)緊扣主題，組織要點(diǎn)。 這類作文一般為提綱式作文，其“要點(diǎn)”似乎已定好了，但大多還有一些開放性空間，因此，要在弄清題意的基礎(chǔ)上，逐個(gè)地，完美無缺地把內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)列出來。要使文章層次分明，要點(diǎn)清晰，適當(dāng)?shù)厥褂眠^渡詞或連接詞：besides，in addition，what’s more，in one’s opinion，personally，therefore等。 (3)選詞造句，逐步成文。 根據(jù)詞匯的句法功能，及表達(dá)建議的句子類型，將句子按一定的順序排列成主謂一致，時(shí)態(tài)呼應(yīng)，脈絡(luò)分明，內(nèi)容完整的短文。 【寫作任務(wù)】 假定你是李華，你的英國朋友Peter發(fā)來電子郵件向你咨詢?nèi)绾尾拍軐W(xué)好中文。請你根據(jù)下列要點(diǎn)寫一封電子郵件回復(fù)他。 要點(diǎn)： 1．參加中文學(xué)習(xí)班； 2．看中文書刊、電視； 3．學(xué)唱中文歌曲； 4．交中國朋友。 注意： 1．詞數(shù)100左右； 2．可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。 【范文在線】 Dear Peter， I’m glad to receive your letter asking for my advice on how to learn Chinese well.Here are a few suggestions. First，it is important to take a Chinese course，as you’ll be able to learn from the teacher and practice with your fellow students.Then，it also helps to watch TV and read books，newspapers and magazines in Chinese whenever possible.Besides，it should be a good idea to learn and sing Chinese songs，because by doing so you’ll learn and remember Chinese words more easily.You can also make more Chinese friends.They will tell you a lot about China and help you learn Chinese. Try and write to me in Chinese next time. Best wishes， Li Hua 【靚點(diǎn)點(diǎn)擊】 1．首先格式正確，符合書信體的要求，結(jié)構(gòu)符合給人提建議的三段式：提出情況(asking for my advice on how to learn Chinese well)，寫建議的背景。提出自己的建議。結(jié)束語及簽名。全文重點(diǎn)突出，層次分明。 2．使用了一些過渡詞及連接詞first，then，besides等，文中使用了分詞短語：asking for my advice...，by doing so，原因狀語從句as you’ll be able to...because by doing so you’ll...。倒裝句Here are a few suggestions。形式主語It is important to...和It also helps to...。省略句whenever possible.使文章句式多樣，語言鮮活。 假設(shè)你叫劉云，準(zhǔn)備參加學(xué)校舉行的“我給市長提建議”英語作文大賽。目前，你所在的城市已經(jīng)基本實(shí)現(xiàn)城鄉(xiāng)公交一體化，由此你想到了公交車司機(jī)們。請你結(jié)合下表提示，用英語給市長(Mayor)寫一封信。詞數(shù)不少于100。 建議 建立“公交司機(jī)節(jié)”(Bus Drivers’ Day) 背景 越來越多的人乘坐公交車出行 公交車司機(jī)也隨之越來越多 公交車司機(jī)服務(wù)大眾，工作辛苦…… 時(shí)間 在每年　月　日慶祝 原因 …… ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 參考范文： Dear Mr.Mayor， I’m writing to you about starting a Bus Drivers’ Day. These years，we are happy to have buses going between every city，every town and almost every village.Now more and more people both in cities and in the countryside are traveling by bus，so more and more bus drivers are working for us.They have to work very hard，from morning till night.It’s not easy for them，especially during holidays. To thank them，I think it necessary to have a Bus Drivers’ Day.It will be good if we celebrate it on October 7th every year，because it’s the last day of National Day Golden Week，and people can celebrate it with bus drivers，even the buses. Buses are playing an important role in our daily life，and I hope you can spare your time and think about my ideA． Best wishes! Liu Yun Ⅰ.單詞拼寫 1．Through the fog we saw the v________ outline of a ship. 答案：vague 2．Have you any c________ suggestions on how to deal with these difficulties? 答案：concrete 3．The workers only make ________(部件) for that kind of cars. 答案：ponents 4．Only the students majoring in English take the o______ examination. 答案：oral 5．All the employees got a Christmas b________. 答案：bonus 6．This is one of the songs from the ________(專輯) of Jay Chou. 答案：album 7．The purpose of this ________ (研討會) is to reform the old closed system. 答案：seminar 8．R________ often appear after a heavy rain. 答案：Rainbows 9．Our local ________(酒廠) has a history of 10 years. 答案：brewery 10．The ________(貨幣) in our country is Renminbi. 答案：currency Ⅱ.單句改錯(cuò) 1．Young people tend to following the fashion. ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：following→follow 2．He was tired of the heavy work and wanted to have a rest. ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：of→from/with 3．Some children have trouble concentrating what they are doing. ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：在what前加on 4．The teacher prefers to go with his students rather than to be alone. ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：去掉第二個(gè)to 5．It takes me age to finish the project. ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：age→ages Ⅲ.單項(xiàng)填空 1．We are taught that a business letter should be written in a formal style ________ in a personal style. A．rather than B．other than C．better than D．more than 解析：選A　rather than表示“而不是”；other than“不同于，非”。 2．—Do you feel like ________ in bed on Sundays? —Yes，but I’m always too busy ________ so. A．to lie；doing B．lie；doing C．lying；doing D．lying；to do 解析：選D　feel like doing sth.想/喜歡做某事；too ... to結(jié)構(gòu)中，to是不定式符號。 3．The boy strongly ________ his father in character and the way of thinking and making decisions. A．looks B．pares C．resembles D．equals 解析：選C　resemble sb.in sth.與某人在某方面相似。 4．Children ________ curious about things they see. A．tend to being B．tend to be C．tend towards to be D．tend at being 解析：選B　tend to do sth.意為“易于，往往會”；tend to/towards＋名詞意為“傾向于，趨向”。 5．She is ________ the same food for breakfast every morning. A．tired of B．tired with C．tiring of D．tiring with 解析：選A　be tired of厭倦了……；be tired with因……而勞累。 6．We ________ shopping together on May Day besides ____________________________ some washing. A．went；did B．did；went C．did；going D．went；doing 解析：選D　go shopping去購物，do some washing洗衣服，而且besides為介詞，故用動詞ing形式。 7．They say your report doesn’t ________ the fact.But I don’t ________ them ________ this point. A．a(chǎn)gree to；agree with；at B．a(chǎn)gree on；agree to；on C．a(chǎn)gree on；agree with；at D．a(chǎn)gree with；agree with；on 解析：選D　第一空意為“與……一致”，第二空意為“同意某人的意見，觀點(diǎn)……”，第三空意為“在這一點(diǎn)上”用on。 8．I can’t ________ his suggestion.I think it ________. A．make sense；makes sense B．make sense；makes no sense C．make sense of；makes no sense D．make sense of；make sense of 解析：選C　make sense of理解，明白，后接物。而make sense則指講得通，有意義，主語為物；而“沒有意義”則用make no sense。 Ⅳ.閱讀理解 People who are learning a foreign language should not feel embarrassed because they sometimes use the wrong word.From time to time we all have difficulty even with our own language. It is not unusual to hear someone say that a ship is in a bottle instead of a battle or that crowds rather than clouds are in the sky.If people think that these mistakes are funny，they may laugh；but they do not mean to be rude.The important thing is that they admire people who try to speak their language. Every public speaker knows that mistakes can occur.Even radio announcers will sometimes use the wrong word or call somebody by the wrong name.This happens so often，in fact，that a man in New York is able to make a living by listening to the radio and recording all the mistakes that he hears. Kermit Schafer calls these mistakes “bloopers”．In his home，Mr.Schafer has many radios tuned to different stations to record every mistake that is made.He puts the funniest ones on records and in books，which have bee very popular wherever English is spoken. If Mr.Schafer took his tape recorder into a school where students are learning to speak English，he would very soon have enough for another book.Mistakes can be fun if we are not easily embarrassed.They also remind us to say something correctly the next time. 1．What kind of readers is this article mainly written for? A．Radio announcers. B．Foreign language learners. C．Public speakers. D．People like Mr.Schafer. 解析：選B　語言的習(xí)得是一件困難又繁瑣的事情，特別是學(xué)習(xí)外語經(jīng)常鬧笑話也是在所難免的。有時(shí)我們會很尷尬，但卻不必太在意。本題問的是寫這篇文章主要是給哪一類人看的？其實(shí)開篇第一句“People who are learning a foreign language should not feel embarrassed (尷尬) because they sometimes use the wrong word.”中找到。“Foreign language learners”就是解題的核心，故答案為B。 2．Mr.Schafer records mistakes made by ________. A．English learners B．radio announcers C．both radio announcers and English learners D．both radio announcers and public speakers 解析：選B　Mr.Schafer記錄下來的錯(cuò)誤都是由radio announcers犯下的。這個(gè)結(jié)論可以在文中第四段第二句找到：“In his home，Mr.Schafer has many radios tuned to different stations to record every mistake that is made.” 3．Which of the following do you think the writer might agree with? A．Native English speakers do not like English learners making mistakes. B．Mistakes are of no help for foreign language learning. C．English learners should be careful not to make any mistakes. D．It is usual that public speakers，even radio announcers，make mistakes. 解析：選D　文章的主旋律一直在強(qiáng)調(diào)，不論是平常人，還是電臺的播音員他們都有可能用錯(cuò)詞，犯下錯(cuò)誤?？墒沁@種錯(cuò)誤對于人們在語言習(xí)得上的進(jìn)步是有好處的。文中最后一句這樣說：“They also remind us to say something correctly the next time.”故正確的選項(xiàng)應(yīng)該是D。