2019高考英語一輪達(dá)標(biāo) Unit 5 Nelson Mandel-a modern hero練題（含解析）新人教版必修1.doc

Nelson Mandel-a modern hero一、閱讀理解。閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。In our everyday lives we meet situations in which we take many things for granted.We only treasure things when they are gone.This is a sad truth of human nature.One day，I found myself as a witness to a similar situation.One evening，I left work and boarded the train.After entering，I noticed something unusual.The center of the car had a few empty seats while both ends were crowded with people standing.I didnt pay much attention and sat down on one of the empty seats.I sensed a funny smell.It wasnt long before I noticed a homeless person sleeping on three seats in front of me.He was bleeding from his nose.Why wasnt anyone helping him?His clothes were torn and he was giving off a strange smell.Along with the smell，his eyes were dull，watery，and red.Occasionally he scratched himself and people looked at him as if he had mitted a crime.As the train stopped at stations and more people came in they covered their noses and faced away from him.All the seats around him were empty.Suddenly，he began to swear at the people around him.A plainclothes police officer who looked like a construction worker took out his certificate and showed it to the homeless man.The officer，not wanting to touch the homeless man，told him his rights and directed him to exit the train.As the officer walked the man out of the train，the homeless man turned around and said“MY HOME！”and started crying.A man doesnt value things until they are gone.If he didnt have a home，at least he had freedom.Now he has neither.No one wants to help someone who wont help himself.1When entering the car，how did the author feel at first?AAnnoyed. BPuzzled.CSad. DCalm.2How did people react to the homeless man?AThey caught him and called the police.BThey covered him with clean clothes.CThey disliked and avoided him.DThey stared at him curiously.3It can be learned that the policeman _.Awas very rude to the manBsent the man back to his hometownCforced the man to leave the cityDwent off the train with the man4What does the author think of the homeless man?AHe is a loser of life.BHe is worth our respect.CHe is very funny.DHe is a fearless fighter.【解題導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。乘坐火車時(shí)，“我”發(fā)現(xiàn)了一個(gè)流浪漢，他衣衫襤褸，身上散發(fā)異味，乘客們避而遠(yuǎn)之。突然，他開始咒罵他周圍的乘客。后來流浪漢被便衣警察帶走，他不僅沒有家，這一次還失去了自由。1B考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第二段第三句“The center of the car had a few empty seats while both ends were crowded with people standing”可知，車廂中部有一些空座位，而兩頭卻擠滿了站著的人；據(jù)此可以判斷，“我”感到很困惑，故B項(xiàng)正確。2C考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第三段第三句“Occasionally he scratched himself and people looked at him as if he had mitted a crime”可知，流浪漢偶爾抓撓自己，人們看著他，好像他曾經(jīng)犯罪了一樣；根據(jù)第二段第三句“The center of the car had a few empty seats while both ends were crowded with people standing”可知，車廂中部有一些空座位，而兩頭卻擠滿了站著的人；據(jù)此可以判斷，人們不喜歡他，避免和他接觸，故C項(xiàng)正確。3D考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第四段最后一句中的“As the officer walked the man out of the train”可知，警官最后帶著這個(gè)流浪漢走下了火車，故D項(xiàng)正確。4A考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段第二、第三句“If he didnt have a home，at least he had freedom.Now he has neither”可知，如果他沒有家，至少他還有自由，如今他兩個(gè)都沒有了。據(jù)此可以判斷，他是一個(gè)生活的失敗者，故A項(xiàng)正確。二、單句語法填空1Now their peace talks have reached a key stage _ one side must give in to the other.答案：where當(dāng)先行詞是case, position, stage等抽象名詞，且在從句中作狀語，表示地點(diǎn)時(shí)，定語從句使用關(guān)系副詞where來引導(dǎo)。2From my first job at the restaurant, I learned teamwork and _ (devote)答案：devotion由teamwork and可知，此處填名詞devotion “奉獻(xiàn)；忠誠”，作賓語。3When an animal is _ attack it can run away or fight back.答案：under under attack “受到攻擊”。4She started singing to the baby and _ (reward) with a smile.答案：was rewardedreward sb. with a smile “對(duì)某人報(bào)以微笑”，根據(jù)句意可知，此處應(yīng)為被動(dòng)語態(tài)。5Although he made a serious mistake in his work, he was lucky to escape _ (fire) by his boss.答案：being firedescape being fired “免于被解雇”。6I have some trouble _ (read) the letter, because his handwriting is very bad.答案：(in) readinghave trouble (in) doing sth. “做某事有困難”。7In some places there are many laws against _ (cruel) to animals but few to protect children.答案：cruelty空前against是介詞，因此本空填名詞cruelty “殘忍；殘酷”。8Your teacher can give you _ (guide) on choosing a career and writing a job application.答案：guidancegive sb. guidance on . “給某人關(guān)于的指導(dǎo)或建議”，故此處填名詞guidance “指導(dǎo)”。9_ (educate) usually refers to teaching people various subjects, usually at a school or college.答案：Education此處應(yīng)用名詞education “教育”作主語。10The young man was sentenced to _ (die) for killing a middle school student.答案：deathbe sentenced to death “被判死刑”。三、完形填空。閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。(2018太原市高三年級(jí)模擬試題)I was a shy kid.Nothing seemed harder than talking to people.I didnt even like to answer the phone for fear that Id have to talk to somebody I didnt know._1_ ，at school I had to spend all day in the pany of others.My _2_ was studying.It was something I could do _3_ and by myself.I spent a lot of time studying and was _4_ with good grades.Eventually I went to college.I came to realize that some people were rather fun to _5_ with.Yet my childhood _6_ carried over and I found myself tonguetied and _7_ whenever I found myself in a conversation.One day while on campus，I _8_ an advertisement for a position on the local classical music _9_ station.I had grown up listening to classical music，and I loved it.In order to get the job，applicants needed to be interviewed.I had absolutely no background in radio，and the idea of talking to thousands of listeners _10_ me.I didnt really want the job.I just wanted to prove that I could talk to a(n) _11_.Two weeks _12_ ，I was even more terrified to discover that I had actually landed the job.It was a _13_ job，but I grew to enjoy it.I announced music to thousands of _14_ in the city，sometimes answering their calls and _15_ to their requests.I began to feel fortable talking to these people，these strangers who I couldnt even _16_.Although I now spend much time talking with people，Im still basically a _17_ person.My former shyness is a gift，as I can _18_ people who feel disfort when they talk to strangers.I still enjoy moments of being _19_.But Im also glad I decided to make a _20_ in my life that had opened many doors and opportunities that I never knew existed.1A.However BThereforeCOtherwise DBesides2A.advice BpracticeCtask Descape3A.obviously BsimplyCquietly Dpoorly4A.filled BrewardedCdecorated Dfaced5A.help out Bcatch upCput up Dhang out6A.happiness BshynessCkindness Dgoodness7A.excited BastonishedCembarrassed Dinterested8A.noticed BpostedCrealized Dbelieved9A.fire BgasCTV Dradio10A.terrified BpleasedCsatisfied Damazed11A.child BsingerCinterviewer Dapplicant12A.ago BlaterCbefore Dsince13A.wellpaid BpuzzlingCfortable Dchallenging14A.listeners BfollowersCviewers Ddancers15A.referring BrespondingCoffering Dparing16A.feel BmoveChear Dsee17A.busy BwarmCquiet Dsmart18A.look into Brelate toCbine with Dworry with19A.alone BaliveCactive Dawake20A.plan BmistakeCchange Ddream【解題導(dǎo)語】該文主要講述了害羞的作者通過應(yīng)聘電臺(tái)工作而實(shí)現(xiàn)自我突破的故事。1A根據(jù)上下文可知，此處表示邏輯上的轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。然而，作者在學(xué)校里不得不和同學(xué)們相處。2D根據(jù)上文的“I was a shy kid”可推知，害羞的作者在學(xué)校用學(xué)習(xí)來逃避與人交流。3C與語境“by myself”呼應(yīng)可推知，作者一個(gè)人安安靜靜地做功課。4B與語境“with good grades”呼應(yīng)可推知，作者在學(xué)習(xí)上的付出得到了豐厚的回報(bào)，成績(jī)突出。5D由“Eventually”的提示可推知，作者最終意識(shí)到了和朋友相處是有趣的。hang out“常去某處”。6B根據(jù)上文的“I was a shy kid”并結(jié)合“I found myself tonguetied”可推知，作者童年時(shí)代的害羞個(gè)性還存在。7C根據(jù)“I found myself tonguetied”可推知，和他人交流時(shí)溝通不順暢是令人尷尬的。8A根據(jù)語境可知，作者在校園里注意到了一則讓他感興趣的廣告。9D根據(jù)下文的“I had absolutely no background in radio”可推知，這是一則電臺(tái)的招募廣告。10A根據(jù)“I had absolutely no background in radio”并結(jié)合下文的“I didnt really want the job”可推知，作者因自己沒有廣播方面的背景而打退堂鼓，與下文的“I was even more terrified to discover that I had actually landed the job”呼應(yīng)。11C作者害怕與成千上萬的聽眾交流，只想證明自己能夠和面試官交談。12B根據(jù)語境可推知，時(shí)間已經(jīng)過去了兩周。13D根據(jù)上文可知，這項(xiàng)工作需要與成千上萬的聽眾交流，這對(duì)作者來說有一定的挑戰(zhàn)性，且與語境“but I grew to enjoy it”形成呼應(yīng)。14A與上文的“and the idea of talking to thousands of listeners _10_ me”呼應(yīng)可推知，此處表示作者給聽眾播放音樂。15B與語境“answering their calls”呼應(yīng)可推知，作者回應(yīng)聽眾的要求。16D根據(jù)上文可知，作者應(yīng)聘的是電臺(tái)工作，和聽眾們基本上是不見面的。17C根據(jù)“still”的提示并結(jié)合上文的“I was a shy kid”可推知，作者盡管現(xiàn)在花費(fèi)很多時(shí)間和人們交流，但是本質(zhì)上還是一個(gè)不多說話的人，與下文的“My former shyness is a gift”呼應(yīng)。18B結(jié)合“My former shyness is a gift”可推知，作者能夠理解那些和他相同的人。relate to“理解，認(rèn)同”。19A根據(jù)上文的“My former shyness is a gift”可推知，作者仍舊喜歡獨(dú)處。20C根據(jù)語境可推知，作者通過做電臺(tái)工作有了重大改變，從而人生有了更多的可能性。四、單句改錯(cuò)1I hope, first of all, that we shall never lose our heart in face of failure._答案：去掉ourlose heart “失去信心”，為固定搭配。2She is very weak and not equal to make a long journey._答案：makemakingbe equal to “勝任”，其中to是介詞。3Thousands of people turned to watch yesterdays match against Ireland._答案：turned后加upturn up “出現(xiàn)；露面”。4The first time when I met him, he was working as a secretary in a big pany._答案：去掉whenThe first time在此處引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句。5Only when we had studied the data again we realize that there was a mistake._答案：we前加did“only狀語從句”放句首，句子應(yīng)用部分倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。五、短文改錯(cuò)（2018高考選練）When talking about sport, I always feel very exciting, because I like sport so much. I love playing tennis, but it is my favorite sport. One day that I came home after school, I turned on TV and watch a tennis match. At first, I was attracted by the two beautiful tennis player. When I watched the match for ten minutes I found it wonderful. From now on, I started to watch tennis matches. I have learned to play the tennis, and I often invite my friends play with me. My love to tennis are more than I could express. I am so luckily to have some friends who share the same interest with me. 答案: 1. 【解析】第一句excitingexcited?？疾樾稳菰~。我感到興奮用excited。2. 【解析】第二句butand?？疾檫B詞。此處表示順承關(guān)系。3. 【解析】第三句thatwhen/after。考查時(shí)間狀語從句。4. 【解析】第三句watchwatched。考查時(shí)態(tài)。整篇文章都是一般過去時(shí)。此處和turned on并列。5. 【解析】第四句playerplayers。從前面的two可知用名詞復(fù)數(shù)。6. 【解析】第六句nowthen。因?yàn)榍拔亩际窃跀⑹鲞^去的事, 所以不是從現(xiàn)在開始, 而是從那時(shí)開始。7. 【解析】第七句去掉tennis前的the。play tennis球類詞前不用加定冠詞the。8. 【解析】第七句friends后加to?？疾楣潭ù钆?。invite sb. to do sth. 邀請(qǐng)某人做某事。所以可知這里缺少了to。9. 【解析】第八句areis?？疾橹^語動(dòng)詞單復(fù)數(shù)。這里的主語是love, 它是不可數(shù)名詞, 不能用are, 故改成is。10. 【解析】第九句luckilylucky?？疾樾稳菰~。這里需要一個(gè)形容詞lucky表示我多么幸運(yùn), 不能用副詞。