2023年中考英語(yǔ)時(shí)事熱點(diǎn)閱讀專練 熱點(diǎn)17 閃電的成因及危害預(yù)防(學(xué)生版+解析版).docx

2023年中考英語(yǔ)時(shí)事熱點(diǎn)閱讀專練熱點(diǎn)17閃電的成因及危害預(yù)防一、閱讀理解1Lightingisoneofthemostbeautifulnaturalphenomena（現(xiàn)象）.Itisalsooneofthemostdeadlyphenomena.Aboltoflightningissixtimeshotterthanthesurface（表面）oftheSunandgivesout30,000ampsofelectricity（電）.Itcantravelat100,000kilometresperhourandhastheabilitytohitatargetupto40kilometresaway.About1,000peoplearoundtheworldarekilledbylightningeveryday.Onlyabouttenpercentofpeoplestruckbylighteningwillactuallydie,buttheothersareactuallyverybadlyinjured,withburns,brokenbones,blindness,deafness,paralysis,ormemoryloss.However,whentheelectricitypassesthroughtheirbrain,itcanoccasionallyhaveunusualandevenpositiveeffects.Someblindpeoplehavegottheirsightbackafterbeingstruckbylightning.Onewomansaidapsychologicaltestshowedherintelligence（智力）hadgreatlyimproved,andonemansaidhecouldnolongerfeelcoldatallandcouldgooutintemperaturebelowfreezinginjustaT-shirt!Sowhatshouldyoudotostaysafeinathunderstorm?Themostimportantruleistostayinside,butdonotgonearphones,electricalappliances,plumbing,orwater.Ifyouarestuckoutside,donottakeshelterunderatree.Instead,rollyourselfupintoaballonthegroundassmallaspossible.Anddonotthinkithastoberaininginorderforlightningtostrike.Strangely,lightningseemstoprefersomepeopletoothers.Ifyouareaman,youaresixtimesmorelikelytobestruckbylightningthanawoman!1. Whatdocsthephrase"positiveeffects”inParagraphTwopossiblymean?A. somethinggoodB.somethingbadC.somethingusefulD.somethinguseless2. Inordertostaysafeinathunderstorm,youshoulddothefollowingEXCEPT.A. stayinsideB.rollupintoaballC.takeshelterunderatreeD.stayawayfromwater3. WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothearticle?A. Lightningisabeautifulbutdangerousphenomenon.2023年中考英語(yǔ)時(shí)事熱點(diǎn)閱讀專練熱點(diǎn)17閃電的成因及危害預(yù)防一、閱讀理解1Lightingisoneofthemostbeautifulnaturalphenomena（現(xiàn)象）.Itisalsooneofthemostdeadlyphenomena.Aboltoflightningissixtimeshotterthanthesurface（表面）oftheSunandgivesout30,000ampsofelectricity（電）.Itcantravelat100,000kilometresperhourandhastheabilitytohitatargetupto40kilometresaway.About1,000peoplearoundtheworldarekilledbylightningeveryday.Onlyabouttenpercentofpeoplestruckbylighteningwillactuallydie,buttheothersareactuallyverybadlyinjured,withburns,brokenbones,blindness,deafness,paralysis,ormemoryloss.However,whentheelectricitypassesthroughtheirbrain,itcanoccasionallyhaveunusualandevenpositiveeffects.Someblindpeoplehavegottheirsightbackafterbeingstruckbylightning.Onewomansaidapsychologicaltestshowedherintelligence（智力）hadgreatlyimproved,andonemansaidhecouldnolongerfeelcoldatallandcouldgooutintemperaturebelowfreezinginjustaT-shirt!Sowhatshouldyoudotostaysafeinathunderstorm?Themostimportantruleistostayinside,butdonotgonearphones,electricalappliances,plumbing,orwater.Ifyouarestuckoutside,donottakeshelterunderatree.Instead,rollyourselfupintoaballonthegroundassmallaspossible.Anddonotthinkithastoberaininginorderforlightningtostrike.Strangely,lightningseemstoprefersomepeopletoothers.Ifyouareaman,youaresixtimesmorelikelytobestruckbylightningthanawoman!1. Whatdocsthephrase"positiveeffects”inParagraphTwopossiblymean?A. somethinggoodB.somethingbadC.somethingusefulD.somethinguseless2. Inordertostaysafeinathunderstorm,youshoulddothefollowingEXCEPT.A. stayinsideB.rollupintoaballC.takeshelterunderatreeD.stayawayfromwater3. WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothearticle?A. Lightningisabeautifulbutdangerousphenomenon.B. Mostpeoplestruckbylightningwillactuallydie.C. Lightningcantravelat10,000kilometresperhour.D. Awomanismorelikelytobestruckbylightningthanaman.4. ThewriterusestheexamplesofamanandawomaninParagraphTwoto.A. showlightningisverydangeroustohumanbeingsmakethereaderswanttoknowmoreaboutlightningB. helppeopleknowlightningwillsurelyimprovetheirintelligenceprovesomethingsurprising,interestingmayhappenbecauseoflightning5. Youmayreadthispassagein.A.astorybookB.asciencemagazineC.atourguidebookD.anadvertisement【答案】l.A2.C3.A4.D5.B【解析】本文是科普知識(shí)類閱讀，介紹了自然現(xiàn)象閃電的相關(guān)知識(shí)。閃電是最美麗的自然現(xiàn)象之一，但也是最致命的現(xiàn)象之一，它有好處也有壞處，就如何避免閃電作者給出了一些建議。1. 詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)"Someblindpeoplehavegottheirsightbackafterbeingstruckbylightning",結(jié)合作者舉的兩個(gè)例子，可知被閃電擊中也有好處，positiveeffect是指積極的影響；somethinggood符合題意，故選A。2. 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根youarestuckoutside,donottakeshelterunderatree9可知躲在樹下是不安全的；takeshelterunderatree不可取,故選Co侖田節(jié)理解題。|艮據(jù)"Lightningisoneofthemostbeautifulnaturalphenomena.Itisalsooneofthemostdeadlyphenomena”，可知閃電是一種美麗但也危險(xiǎn)的自然現(xiàn)象，故選A。3. 推理判斷題。木艮據(jù)“However,whentheelectricitypassesthroughtheirbrain,itcanoccasionallyhaveunusualandevenpositiveeffects”，結(jié)合下文所舉的兩個(gè)例子，可知被閃電擊中也有好處，作者是為了說(shuō)明閃電也會(huì)產(chǎn)生不尋常的，甚至是積極的影響；provesomethingsurprising,interestingmayhappenbecauseoflightning"證明一些令人驚訝、有趣的事情可能會(huì)因?yàn)殚W電而發(fā)生”符合題意，故選D。4. 推理判斷題。根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，介紹的是閃電，被閃電擊中的一些有趣現(xiàn)象以及如何防止雷擊，因此更可能在科學(xué)雜志上能看到此篇文章，故選B。2Lightning（閃電）isshocking,andithappensallovertheworld!Scientiststhinkthattherearemorethanthreemillionlightningstrikes（襲擊）everydayintheworld-thafsthirtystrikeseverysecond.Lightningcanalsobeverydangerous.Everyyear,lightningkillspeoplebecauseitcanstartbigfiresorbecauseitreachestemperaturesupto28,000degreescentigrade.AmericanRoySullivan,whoworkedinapark,holdstherecordforsurvivingthemostlightningstrikes.Between1942and1983,hewashitseventimes!So,whydoeslightningstrike?Lightningstrikeshappenwheniceandwaterincloudsrub（摩擦）together,andcauseatmospheric（大氣層的）changes.Whenthishappens,itcreatesastaticcharge（青爭(zhēng)電電荷）.Lightningcanstrikeinsidethecloud,betweentwocloudsandbetweenacloudandEarth.It'sthelasttypeofstrikethatisthemostdangerousforhumans.About1,000peoplegetstruckbylightningeveryyearintheUnitedStates,andabout100ofthemdieasaresult.LightningiscertainlynotsomethingWhenlightningstrikes,ifsbesttostayinsidealargebuilding.Tostaysafe,donotstandundertrees,onhillsornearwater.Treesattractlightning.Also,donotliedownontheground,otherwisetheelectricitymaygothroughyouandcauseaheartdisease.5. Lightningstrikes.A. happenthreebilliontimeseachdaywillstartwhentherearebigfiresB. canreachveryhightemperatureskillallthosewhoworkinapark6. Whatdoes"surviving”inparagraph2meaninChinese?A. 目睹B.幸存C.制造D.遇難Wecaninfer（推斷）fromparagraph3that.A. lightningstrikesarecausedwhenevericeandwatermeetlightningbetweentwocloudsisthemostdangerousforhumansB. lightningstrikescreatestaticchargeaboutonetenthofthepeoplestruckbylightningdieeveryyearinAmerica7. Whichexpressionmeans“totoywith”inthelastparagraph?A.toplaywithB.totakeseriouslyC.toshowoffD.totakeiteasy8. Where'sthebestplacetobewhenlightningstrikes?A.Ontopofahill.B.Inaswimmingpool.C.Inatree.D.Insidealargebuilding.【答案】6.C7.B8.D9.A10.D【解析】這篇文章講述閃電的殺傷力和世界上的一些點(diǎn)擊事例，以及閃電來(lái)襲時(shí)的躲避技巧。6. 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第二句Everyyear,lightningkillspeoplebecauseitcanstartbigfiresorbecauseitreachestemperatures叩to28,000degreescentigrade.可以得出選擇Co句意：閃電襲擊有時(shí)會(huì)達(dá)到很高的溫度。故選C。7. 詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線詞的后一句Between1942and1983,hewashitseventimes!在1942-1983年間，他被雷電擊中了7次。故此處表示他幸存下來(lái)。故選B。8. 推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段最后一句About1,000peoplegetstruckbylightningeveryyearintheUnitedStates,andabout100ofthemdieasaresult.可知在美國(guó)每年有十分之一的人被閃電擊中。故選D。9. 詞義猜測(cè)題。根第三段最后一句據(jù)About1,000peoplegetstruckbylightningeveryyearintheUnitedStates,andabout100ofthemdieasaresult.可知閃電襲擊會(huì)導(dǎo)致人死亡，因此閃電不是可以玩的東西，故選A。10. 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段的Whenlightningstrikes,it'sbesttostayinsidealargebuilding.可知當(dāng)閃電來(lái)襲，最佳的停留地點(diǎn)是在一棟建筑物里。故選D。點(diǎn)睛：認(rèn)真閱讀題干，根據(jù)題干要求，在文中尋找答案所在的語(yǔ)句和段落，進(jìn)行分析理解，詞義猜測(cè)，推理判斷和概括歸納，選出正確的選項(xiàng)。例如小題3,根據(jù)第三段最后一句About1,000peoplegetstruckbylightningeveryyearintheUnitedStates,andabout100ofthemdieasaresult.可知在美國(guó)每年有十分之一的人被閃電擊中。故選D。3Inearliesttimes,menconsideredlightningtobeoneofthegreatmysteriesofnature.Someancientpeoplebelievedthatlightingandthunderweretheweapons（武器）ofthegods.Inreality,lightningisaflow（流動(dòng)）ofelectricityformedhighabovetheearth.Asingleflashoflighting1.6kilometerslonghasenoughelectricitytolightonemillionlightbulbs（燈泡）.TheAmericanscientist,BenjaminFranklin,wasthefirsttoshowtheconnectionbetweenelectricityandlightningin1752.Inthesameyear,healsobuiltthefirstlightningrod（避雷針）.Thisdevice（裝置物）protectsbuildingsfrombeingdamagedbylighting.Modernsciencehasdiscoveredthatonestroke（閃擊）oflightninghasavoltage（電壓）ofmorethan15millionvolts.Aflashoflightningbetweenacloudandtheearthmaybeaslongas13kilometers,andtravelataspeedof30millionmeterspersecond.Scientistsjudgethatthereareabout2,000millionflashesoflightningperyear.LightninghitstheEmpireStateBuildinginNewYorkCity30to48timesayear.IntheUnitedStatesaloneitkillsanaverage（平均數(shù)）ofonepersoneveryday.Thesafestplacetobeincaseofanelectricalstormisinaclosedcar.Outside,oneshouldgotolowgroundandnotgetundertrees.Also,oneshouldstayoutofwaterandawayfrommetalfences.Insideahouse,peopleshouldavoidopendoorwaysandwindowsandnottouchwiresormetalthings.Withlightning,itisbettertobesafethansorry?11. Theunderlinedword"volts”inthepassagemeansinChinese.A. 瓦特B.伏特C.歐姆Accordingtothepassagewhatdoyouthinkallbuildingsneed?A. Electricity.B.Machines.C.Lightningrods.12. Lightningcantravel.A.notsoquicklyaselectricityB.atveryhighspeedC.asquicklyaswaterWhichofthefollowingisTRUE?A. Allancientpeoplethoughtlightningcamefromgods.B. IntheU.K.aboutonepersonperdaydiesfromlightning.C. Aclosedcaristhesafestplacetobeduringanelectricalstorm.13. What'sthebesttitleforthispassage?A. KeepawayfromlightningTheintroductionoflightningB. Theimportanceoflightningrods【答案】ll.B12.C13.B14.C15.B解析】本文主要向我們介紹了閃電以及遇到雷暴時(shí)應(yīng)該怎么做。11詞句猜測(cè)題。分析"Modernsciencehasdiscoveredthatonestroke（閃擊）oflightninghasavoltage（電壓）ofmorethan15millionvolts?"可知，volts是表示電壓的單位，所以翻譯為"伏特”。故選B。12. 推理判斷題。根據(jù)Tnthesameyear,healsobuiltthefirstlightningrod（避雷針）.Thisdevice（裝置物）protectsbuildingsfrombeingdamagedbylighting/9可知，避雷針保護(hù)建筑物不受閃電損壞，所以避雷針是所有建筑物需要的。故選C。13. 推理判斷題。分析“Aflashoflightningbetweenacloudandtheearthmaybeaslongas13kilometers,andtravelataspeedof30millionmeterspersecond.”可知，在云層和地球之間的閃電可能長(zhǎng)達(dá)13公里，以每秒3000萬(wàn)米的速度傳播。所以閃電的速度非?？?。故選B。14. 推理判斷題。A：古代人都認(rèn)為閃電來(lái)自神。根據(jù)"Someancientpeoplebelievedthatlightingandthunderweretheweapons（武器）ofthegods.”可知，人一些認(rèn)為閃電來(lái)自神，并不是所有，該項(xiàng)表述錯(cuò)誤；B：在英國(guó)，每天大約有一人死于閃電。根據(jù)TntheUnitedStatesaloneitkillsanaverage（平均數(shù)）ofonepersoneveryday.”可知，在美國(guó)，每天大約有一人死于閃電，并不是英國(guó)，該項(xiàng)表述錯(cuò)誤C：在雷電交加的時(shí)候，封閉的汽車是最安全的地方。根據(jù)“Thesafestplacetobeincaseofanelectricalstormisinaclosedcar.”可知，遇到雷暴時(shí)，最安全的地方是關(guān)著的車?yán)?，該?xiàng)表述正確。故選C。15. 最佳標(biāo)題題。A：遠(yuǎn)離閃電；B：閃電的介紹；C：避雷針的重要性。分析文章內(nèi)容可知，本文主要向我們介紹了閃電以及遇到雷暴時(shí)應(yīng)該怎么做。故選B。4It'sverycommontoseelightningstorms（雷雨）insummer.Somepeopledon'ttakethemcarefully.Infact,lightningstormsareverydangerousforpeople,andtheycanevenkillpeople.Sohowdowekeepsafeduringalightningstorm?Ifyouareindoors,stayawayfromwindowsanddoorsduringalightningstorm.Don'ttakeashowerordothedishesbecauselightningcantravelthroughwater.TurnofftheTVandcomputer.Mycomputerwasbroken,soIlearneditthehardway.Neverusethephone.Lightningcantravelthroughthephonelineandhityou.Ifyouareoutdoorsduringalightningstorm,nevertakeshelter（爪E護(hù)）underatreebecausethelightningcouldhitthetreeandtravelthroughthetreetohityou.Stayawayfromanythingthatismetal（金屬）.Trytogetinyourcarandcloseallthewindows,orgointoanearbybuildingrightaway.Ifthere'snobuildingaround,trytofindalowplacetostayin.Squat（蹬）downnearthegroundandputyourhandsoveryourears.Neveruseacellphone.16. Whenarethelightningstormscommon?A.Inspring.B.Insummer.C.Inautumn.D.Inwinter.17. Whatcanyoudoifyouareindoorsduringalightningstorm?A.WatchTV.B.Takeashower.C.Stayawayfromwindows.D.Playcomputergames.18. Whatcan'tyoudoifyouareoutdoorsduringalightningstorm?A.Standunderatree.B.Getintoyourcar.D.Squatdownneartheground.C.Gointoanearbybuilding.19. Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A. WhataLightningStormIsHowtoTakeShelterDuringaLightningStormB. HowtoStayAwayfromaLightningStormHowtoKeepSafeinaLightningStorm【答案】16.B17.C18.A19.D【解析】本文主要講述在雷雨期間如何保持安全。如果你在室內(nèi)，在雷雨期間，你要遠(yuǎn)離門窗。不要洗澡,也不要洗碗。關(guān)掉電視和電腦。如果你在戶外遇到雷雨，千萬(wàn)不要躲在樹下，因?yàn)殚W電會(huì)擊中樹，穿過(guò)樹而擊中你。遠(yuǎn)離任何金屬制品。試圖上車并關(guān)上所有的窗戶，或者立刻去附近的大樓。如果周圍沒(méi)有建筑物，試著找一個(gè)低矮的地方待著。蹲下，盡量靠近地面，雙手捂住耳朵。不要使用手機(jī)。14. 題意：閃電暴風(fēng)雨什么時(shí)候常見？考查細(xì)節(jié)理解題。A.Inspring在春天；B.Insummer在夏天；C.Inautumn在秋天；D.Inwinter在冬天。根據(jù)第一段第一句It'sverycommontoseelightningstorms（雷雨）insummer.（夏天雷雨是很常見的。）可知選B。15. 題意：在雷雨期間，如果你在室內(nèi)你能做些什么？考查細(xì)節(jié)理解題。A.WatchTV.看電視;B.Takeashower.洗澡；C.Stayawayfromwindows.遠(yuǎn)離窗戶；D.Playcomputergames.玩電腦游戲。根據(jù)第三段第一句Ifyouareindoors,stayawayfromwindowsanddoorsduringalightningstorm.（如果你在室內(nèi)，在雷雨期間遠(yuǎn)離窗戶和門。）可知如果你在室內(nèi)你要遠(yuǎn)離窗戶；故選C。16. 題意：在雷雨期間，如果你在戶外你不能做什么？考查細(xì)節(jié)理解題。A.Standunderatree.站在樹下；Getintoyourcar.上車吧；CGointoanearbybuilding.去附近的一棟大樓；D.Squatdownneartheground.蹲在地下。根據(jù)第四段第一句Ifyouareoutdoorsduringalightningstorm,nevertakeshelter（庇護(hù)）underatreebecausethelightningcouldhitthetreeandtravelthroughthetreetohityou.（如果你在戶外遇到雷雨，千萬(wàn)不要躲在樹下，因?yàn)殚W電會(huì)擊中樹，然后通過(guò)樹去擊中你。）可知“在雷雨期間，如果你在戶外你不能站在樹下”,可知選A。17. 題意：這篇文章最好的標(biāo)題是什么？考查主旨理解題。A.WhataLightningStormIs雷雨是什么；B.HowtoTakeShelterDuringaLightningStorm在雷雨中如何躲避；C.HowtoStayAwayfromaLightningStorm如何避開雷雨；D.HowtoKeepSafeinaLightningStorm如何在雷雨中保持安全。本文主要講述在雷雨期間如何保持安全。故答案為D。5Scientistssaythey'vedevelopedanewsystem（系統(tǒng)）.Itcanuse"machineleaming,topredictwhenandwherelightning（|X電）willstrike（|R擊）.TheresearchwasledbyengineersfromSwitzerland.Europeanresearchershaveestimated（估算）between6,000and24,000peoplearekilledbylightningworldwideeachyear.Thestrikescanalsocausepowercuts,destroyhousesandstartforestfires.Forthesereasons,someclimatescientistshavestudiedtodevelopmethodstopredictandcontrollightning.Butnosystemhasbeencreatedtoeffectivelypredictlightning.Thenewsystemisbeingtestedintheexperiments（實(shí)驗(yàn)）.Itusedacombinationofdata（數(shù)據(jù)資料）fromweatherstationsandmachinelearningmethods.Theresearchersdevelopedapredictionmodel.Itwastrainedtotellweatherconditionsthatwerepossibletocauselightning.Themodelwascreatedwithsomedata.Thedatawascollectedovera12-yearperiodfrom12Swissweatherstationsincitiesandmountainareas.Thedatarelatedto（與有關(guān)）fourmainsurfaceconditions:airpressure,airtemperature,relativehumidity（相對(duì)濕度）andwindspeed.Theatmospheric（大氣的）datawasputintoamachinelearningalgorithm（計(jì)算程序），whichcomparedittorecordsoflightningstrikes.Researcherssaythealgorithmwasthenabletolearntheconditionsunderwhichlightninghappens.AmirhosseinMostajabiisaPhDstudentwholedthedevelopmentofthenewsystem.Hesaid,“Commonsystemsforcollectingsuchdataareslowandcomplex,andtheyrequireexpensivecollectionequipment（設(shè)備）likeradarorsatellites（衛(wèi)星）"Oursystemusesdatathatcanbegottenfromanyweatherstation/9Mostajabisaid."Thiswillimprovedatacollectionintheareaswhicharenotcoveredbyradarandsatellitesorinplaceswherecommunicationsystemshavebeencut,”headded.24. Accordingtothepassage,thestrikescan'tcause.A. powercutsB.earthquakesforestfiresD.thedeathofpeople25. Whatdoestheunderlinedword"if5refertoinParagraph5?A. Thelightningstrike.B.Thesystembeingtested.C.Themachinelearningalgorithm.D.Theatmosphericdata.26. Whatdothelasttwoparagraphsmainlytellus?A. Whereweatherstationsshouldbebuilt.B. Howthemachinelearningalgorithmworks.C. Theadvantagesofthenewsystemindatacollection.D. Thenewsystemhaseffectivelypredictedlightninginfarawayareas.27. WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutthenewsystemisTRUE?A. Itspredictionmodelhasbeentestedfor12years.B. Ithasbeenputintouseincitiesandmountainareaswidely.C. Thenewsystemrequiresexpensivecollectionequipmenttocollectdata.D. Itusesmachinelearningtopredictthetimeandplacesoflightningstrikes.【答案】24.B25.D26.C27.D【解析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，介紹科學(xué)家們開發(fā)出的一種能有效地預(yù)測(cè)閃電的機(jī)器，來(lái)減少閃電襲擊帶來(lái)的危害和損失。24. 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)"Europeanresearchershaveestimated（估算）between6,000and24,000peoplearekilledbylightningworldwideeachyear”及“Thestrikescanalsocausepowercuts,destroyhousesandstartforestfires”可知，能導(dǎo)致人的死亡，停電、毀壞房屋和引發(fā)森林火災(zāi)，故選B。25. 詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)“Theatmospheric（大氣的）datawasputintoamachinelearningalgorithm（計(jì)算程序）,whichcomparedittorecordsoflightningstrikes”可知，此處是指將大氣的數(shù)據(jù)與閃電襲擊的記錄相比較，所以it指代"Theatmosphericdata”，故選Do主旨大意題。根據(jù)"Oursystemusesdatathatcanbegottenfromanyweatherstation.可知，最后兩段講述的是這種新系統(tǒng)在數(shù)據(jù)收集方面的優(yōu)勢(shì)，故選C。26. 推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Itcanuse"machineleaming,topredictwhenandwherelightning（閃電）willstrike”可知,它可以使用“機(jī)器學(xué)習(xí)”來(lái)預(yù)測(cè)閃電何時(shí)何地會(huì)發(fā)生，D表述正確，故選D。二、完型填空1Alittlegirlwalkedtoandfromschooleveryday.Onedayinthemorning,shemadeherdailytriptoschoolthough28gathered（聚集）inthesky.Whenschoolwasover,withbooksinherschoolbag,thelittlegirlwalkedhome.Onthewayhome,windblewhardandtrees29fromsidetosideinthewind.Rainpoureddown.Themotherworriedthatherdaughterwouldbeafraid30flashesoflighting（閃電）.Sothemotherdrovetoherdaughter'sschool31.Onthewaytoschool,themothersawthelittlegirl32aloneintherain.Whenaflashoflighteningcame,thelittlegirlstopped,lookedupand33.Anotherflashoflighteningfollowed.Thelittlegirlstopped,lookedupandsmiled.Athirdtime,thelittlegirlstopped,lookedupandsmiled.Withthecomingofthefollowingflashesoflightning,thelittlegirlrepeatedthe34thingagain.Afterthelittlegirlgot35thecar,themotherwondered36shestopped,lookedupandsmiledwhenlightningcame.Withabrightsmile,repliedthegirl,"Mom,whenaflashoflightingcame,Ifeltabit37ButGodwouldtakeapictureofme.Iknewhewasplayinganinterestinggamewithmetodriveawaymyfear（恐懼）Yousee,ifyoulookattheworldfromadifferentview,theworldisreallyamazing.28.A.windB.cloudsC.iceD.snow29.A.shookB.shoneC.showedD.swept30.A.withB.onC.toD.of31.A.atatimeB.daybydayC.inahurryD.alldaylong32.A.walksB.towalkC.walkedD.walking33.A.stoppedB.smiledC.lookedD.sounded34.A.sameB.differentC.boringD.relaxing35.A.inB.intoC.outD.outof36.A.whyB.whatC.howD.when37.A.happyB.afraidC.strangeD.excited【答案】28.B29.A30.D31.C32.D33.B34.A35.B36.A37.B【解析】本文是一篇記敘文。講述的是一個(gè)女孩在雨中笑對(duì)閃電的故事，她認(rèn)為每一次閃電都是上帝給她照了一次相，這個(gè)故事教育我們從不同的角度看世界，世界會(huì)很神奇。27. 句意：一天早晨，盡管天空云朵聚集，她還是開始每天的學(xué)校之旅。wind風(fēng)；clouds云；ice冰；snow雪。根據(jù)".gathered（聚集）inthesky.”可知，在天空聚集的應(yīng)該是云。故選B。28. 句意：在回家的路上，風(fēng)吹的厲害，樹在風(fēng)中搖動(dòng)。shook搖動(dòng)；shone發(fā)光；showed展示；swept掃除。根據(jù)"windblewhardandtrees.fromsidetosideinthewind.”可知，風(fēng)會(huì)把樹吹的左右搖動(dòng)。故選A。29. 句意：媽媽擔(dān)心她的女兒害怕閃電。with和；on在上；to至lj；of.的。beafraidof表示"害怕"。故選D。30. 句意：因此媽媽立刻開車去女兒學(xué)校。atatime一次；daybyday一天天；inahurry立亥ij；alldaylong整天。根據(jù)"ThemotherworriedthatherdaughterB. Mostpeoplestruckbylightningwillactuallydie.C. Lightningcantravelat10,000kilometresperhour.D. Awomanismorelikelytobestruckbylightningthanaman.4. ThewriterusestheexamplesofamanandawomaninParagraphTwoto.A. showlightningisverydangeroustohumanbeingsmakethereaderswanttoknowmoreaboutlightningB. helppeopleknowlightningwillsurelyimprovetheirintelligenceprovesomethingsurprising,interestingmayhappenbecauseoflightning5. Youmayreadthispassagein.A.astorybookB.asciencemagazineC.atourguidebookD.anadvertisement2Lightning（閃電）isshocking,andithappensallovertheworld!Scientiststhinkthattherearemorethanthreemillionlightningstrikes（襲擊）everydayintheworld-thafsthirtystrikeseverysecond.Lightningcanalsobeverydangerous.Everyyear,lightningkillspeoplebecauseitcanstartbigfiresorbecauseitreachestemperaturesupto28,000degreescentigrade.AmericanRoySullivan,whoworkedinapark,holdstherecordforsurvivingthemostlightningstrikes.Between1942and1983,hewashitseventimes!So,whydoeslightningstrike?Lightningstrikeshappenwheniceandwaterincloudsrub（摩擦）together,andcauseatmospheric（大氣層的）changes.Whenthishappens,itcreatesastaticcharge（青爭(zhēng)電電荷）.Lightningcanstrikeinsidethecloud,betweentwocloudsandbetweenacloudandEarth.It'sthelasttypeofstrikethatisthemostdangerousforhumans.About1,000peoplegetstruckbylightningeveryyearintheUnitedStates,andabout100ofthemdieasaresult.LightningiscertainlynotsomethingWhenlightningstrikes,it'sbesttostayinsidealargebuilding.Tostaysafe,donotstandundertrees,onhillsornearwater.Treesattractlightning.Also,donotliedownontheground,otherwisetheelectricitymaygothroughyouandcauseaheartdisease.6. Lightningstrikes.A. happenthreebilliontimeseachdaywillstartwhentherearebigfiresB. canreachveryhightemperatureswouldbeafraidofflashesoflighting（|XJ電）.”可知，媽媽擔(dān)心女兒害怕閃電，所以立刻去接女兒。故選C。31. 句意：在去學(xué)校的路上，媽媽看到小姑娘獨(dú)自在雨中走著。walks走路，第三人稱單數(shù)形式；towalk不定式；walked過(guò)去式；walking現(xiàn)在分詞。此處表示看到某人正在做某事，現(xiàn)在分詞作賓補(bǔ)。故選D。32. 句意：在閃電時(shí)，小女孩停下來(lái)，抬頭看，笑了。stopped停止；smiled笑；looked看；sounded聽起來(lái)。根據(jù)"Thelittlegirlstopped,looked叩andsmiled.”可知I,小女孩停下來(lái)，抬頭笑了。故選B。33. 句意：在下一次閃電到來(lái)的時(shí)候，小女孩重復(fù)一樣的事。same同樣的；different不同的；boring無(wú)聊的；relaxing令人放松的。根據(jù)"Anotherflashoflighteningfollowed.Thelittlegirlstopped,lookedupandsmiled.Athirdtime,thelittlegirlstopped,lookedupandsmiled.”可矢口，每次閃電的時(shí)候，女孩做同樣的事情。故選A。34. 句意：在小女孩進(jìn)到車?yán)锖?，媽媽想知道為什么閃電的時(shí)候，她停下來(lái)，抬頭笑。in在里面；into到里面；out向外；outof從。getintothecar表