2019高中英語 Unit 5 Enjoying novels Section Ⅱ Learning about Language教案（含解析）新人教選修1 0.doc

《2019高中英語 Unit 5 Enjoying novels Section Ⅱ Learning about Language教案（含解析）新人教選修1 0.doc》由會員分享，可在線閱讀，更多相關《2019高中英語 Unit 5 Enjoying novels Section Ⅱ Learning about Language教案（含解析）新人教選修1 0.doc（15頁珍藏版）》請在裝配圖網(wǎng)上搜索。

Section Ⅱ Learning about Language Ⅰ.高頻單詞點擊 1．merchant (n.)商人 2．warehouse (n.)倉庫；貨棧 3．burglar (n.)竊賊 4．sequence (n.)順序；序列 (vt.)按順序排好 5．dangle (vi.&vt.)懸掛；搖擺；使晃動→dangly (adj.)懸擺的；擺晃的 6．semicircle (n.)半圓形 7．squeak (n.)尖叫聲；吱吱聲(vi.)發(fā)出尖叫聲 8．collar (n.)衣領 9．pine (n.)松樹 10．squirrel (n.)松鼠 Ⅱ.重點短語必記 1．straight away＝at once　　　　 立即；馬上 2．pull oneself up 立身起來 3．pull off 脫去；努力完成 4．long for 渴望(某物) Ⅲ.常用句型必備 The_wall_being_high_and_steep，I had to climb a pine tree close by so that I could reach the top of it. Ⅳ.單元語法聚焦 The Nominative Absolute Construction(獨立主格結構) [單詞點擊] 1．bargain (1)n.廉價貨，便宜貨；協(xié)議，交易 make a bargain with sb. 與某人簽訂合同，達成協(xié)議 a real bargain 便宜貨 That is a bargain! 一言為定！ This house is for rent.It’s a bargain. 這所房子是出租的。租金很便宜。 A bargain is a bargain. 協(xié)議總是協(xié)議。 (2)vi.討價還價；談判，協(xié)議 She bargained with the shop assistant over the price of a toy.她與售貨員講玩具的價錢。 He bargained with his brother for the property. 他就財產(chǎn)與他的弟弟進行商議。 Let’s ________ a bargain.If you do my homework，I’ll give you the book Harry Potter. A．do　　　　　　　　 　B．strike C．make D．hit 解析：選C　make a bargain做個協(xié)定。 2．inspect vt. 檢查；視察 It was strange that nobody inspected my ticket before I got on the train. 很奇怪，我上火車前，竟然沒有人查看我的車票。 Several officials of the Education Bureau came to inspect our school last week. 上周，教育局的幾位官員來我校視察。 inspector n．　　　　　　 檢查員 inspection n. 檢查；視察 inspect sb./sth. for... 檢查某人/物(有無……) A dentist inspects the pupil’s teeth twice a year for decayed tooth. 牙科醫(yī)生一年給這個學生檢查兩次牙齒看有無齲齒。 check，examine，inspect (1)check指“檢驗，核對”是否有誤，是否正確。 (2)examine普通用詞，用于檢查身體，學生的考試。還指“察看或觀察以了解情況”和“仔細調(diào)查或審查”的意思。 (3)inspect指“仔細查看是否有不足之處或不標準的地方”，還指上級對下級的“視察”。 You’d better have your eyes ________.After all，you haven’t seen things clearly for a month. A．inspect B．checked C．examined D．inspecting 解析：選C　have sth.done讓某物被(別人)……；對身體某一部位的檢查要用examine。句意：你最好找人檢查一下你的眼睛，畢竟你已經(jīng)有一個月看不清東西了。 3．dangle (1)vi.搖晃地懸掛著；追求 The leaves dangled in the wind.樹葉迎風搖擺。 (2)vt.使晃動；使搖擺 The naughty boy sat on the edge of the fence dangling his legs.淘氣的小男孩坐在欄桿邊上，搖擺著雙腿。 dangle from...　 從……上垂下來 dangle after/about/round 追求(某人)；希望得到(某東西) dangle before (in front of) 在……面前搖晃地擺動著；(希望等)?；笾? Several young men dangle after the pretty girl. 好幾個青年男子追求那個漂亮女孩。 Don’t dangle the lights before me.It will do harm to my eyes.別拿著燈在我面前晃來晃去，對我眼不好。 It was a thin gold chain with a heart ________ on it. A．dangles B．dangled C．dangling D．to dangle 解析：選C　考查“with＋名詞＋現(xiàn)在分詞”結構。其中現(xiàn)在分詞表伴隨動作或狀態(tài)。dangle搖晃地懸掛著。 4．squeak (1)n.尖叫聲；吱吱聲，僥幸 I heard the squeak of a mouse in the attic. 我在閣樓上聽到一只老鼠吱吱的叫聲。 (2)vi.發(fā)出尖叫聲；勉強通過；僥幸成功；險勝 a narrow squeak＝a narrow escape 九死一生，千鈞一發(fā) squeak by/through 勉強通過，僥幸取勝 The path to the road is narrow and difficult，but we can squeak through.這條小路通向大路，但是又窄又難。 He had a narrow squeak in the big earthquake. 他在這次大地震中死里逃生。 He squeaked through the French examination. 他勉強通過這次法語考試。 　 (1)We ____________________________(僥幸取勝) the final with a goal in the last minute. (2)The pig ran away，__________________________(嚇得尖叫著)． 答案：(1)squeaked through/by　(2)squeaking with fear [短語精析] 1．straight away立即，馬上 I’ll bring them straight away.我馬上就把它們送來。 同義短語：at once，without delay，immediately，in no time，right away，right off，right now。 I’ll write to him right away.我馬上就給他寫信。 This matter is very urgent.Please deal with it ________. A．straight off B．straight out C．straight up D．straight away 解析：選D　句意：事情緊急，請馬上處理。straight away立即，馬上。 2．pull oneself up站起來，立起身來 Can you find a hold for your hands so that you can pull yourself up? 你能找一個雙手可以抓住的東西，以便自己站起來嗎？ Pull yourself together?。紺heer up！振作起來！ pull down　　　　 使掃興；摧毀 pull up 停；使停止 pull away 逃走 pull out 駛出車站；退出 pull back 撤退；退出 pull through 康復；完成，做完(十分困難的事) Would you please pull down the curtain? 請你把窗簾拉下來好嗎？ The father pulled the child back from the river side. 父親把孩子從河邊拉了回來。 Mr.Brown’s condition looks very serious and it is doubtful if he will ________. A．pull back B．pull up C．pull through D．pull out 解析：選C　句意：布朗先生的病情看上去很嚴重，不知他能否康復。pull through康復。 [句型歸納] The wall being high and steep，I had to climb a pine tree close by so that I could reach the top of it.墻又高又陡，我必須爬上近旁的一棵松樹，才能到達它的頂端。 本句包含一個獨立主格結構和一個so that引導的目的狀語從句。獨立主格結構表示原因，相當于原因狀語從句Because the wall was high and steep。獨立主格結構在句中還可作時間狀語、條件狀語等。 The guide leading the way, we had no trouble getting out of the forest. 向導領著路，我們毫不費勁地走出了森林。(原因狀語) Jim was listening attentively to the lecture, all his attention fixed upon it. 吉姆專心致志地聽著講座，所有注意力都集中在上面了。(伴隨狀語) He sat there，his eyes on her back.他坐在那里，注視著她的背影。(伴隨狀語) Enough time given，we should have done the job much better.如果給我們充足的時間，我們會把工作做得更好。(條件狀語) ________ ill，his mother had to stay at home to attend (to) him. A．His being B．He being C．To be D．Being 解析：選B　本題考查獨立主格結構作原因狀語，相當于because he was ill。 獨立主格結構 一、獨立主格結構的概念 獨立主格結構是由名詞或代詞加上分詞等構成的一種獨立結構，用于修飾整個句子。獨立主格結構中的名詞或代詞與其后的分詞等構成邏輯上的主謂關系。這種結構與主句不發(fā)生句法上的聯(lián)系，它的位置相當靈活，可置于主句前、主句末或主句中，常由逗號將其與主句分開。需特別注意的是，獨立主格結構與主句之間不能使用任何連接詞。 二、獨立主格結構的基本構成形式 名詞(代詞)＋動詞ing形式(過去分詞；不定式；形容詞；副詞；名詞；介詞短語) 1．名詞(代詞)＋動詞ing形式 The bus ing here soon，we should get everything ready. 汽車很快就要來了，我們應該把一切事情準備好。 Mother being ill，Li Lei was very worried. 母親病了，李蕾非常焦急。 2．名詞(代詞)＋過去分詞 His cup broken，he used his bowl instead. 茶杯破了，他就用碗來代替。 He was listening attentively in class，his eyes fixed on the blackboard.他上課專心聽講，眼睛緊盯著黑板。 3．名詞(代詞)＋不定式 在“名詞/代詞＋動詞不定式”結構中，動詞不定式和它前面的名詞或代詞如果存在著邏輯上的主動關系，動詞不定式則用主動的形式；如果是被動關系，則用被動形式。 A house to be built，we must save every cent. 由于要建一座房子，我們必須節(jié)省每一分錢。 Many trees，flowers，and grass to be planted，our newlybuilt school will look even more beautiful. 種上許多的樹、花和草后，我們新建的學校看上去將更美。 4．名詞(代詞)＋形容詞 The ground muddy，we should be careful. 地面泥濘，我們應該小心。 puters very small，we can use them widely. 電腦雖小，我們卻能廣泛地利用它們。 5．名詞(代詞)＋副詞 The class over，we all went out to play. 下課后，我們都出去玩。 The lights off，we could not go on with the work. 燈熄了，我們不能繼續(xù)工作了。 6．名詞(代詞)＋名詞 His first shot failure，he fired again. 他第一槍沒擊中，又打了一槍。 Two hundred people died in the accident，many of them children.兩百人死于事故，其中有許多兒童。 7．名詞(代詞)＋介詞短語 He lay at full length upon his stomach，his head resting upon his left forearm. 他的脊背朝天，四肢伸展，頭枕著左臂，直挺挺地趴伏著。 Glasses in hand，he asked where his glasses were. 手里拿著眼鏡，他問他的眼鏡哪去了。 三、with，without引導的獨立主格結構 with(without)＋賓語(名詞/代詞)＋賓語補足語，賓語通常由名詞或代詞充當，但代詞一定要用賓格。上文的獨立主格結構的幾種情況都適用于此結構。 (1)without＋名詞/代詞＋動詞的ing形式 The girl hid her box without anyone knowing where it was. 小女孩把盒子藏了起來，沒有人知道它在哪里。 (2)without＋名詞/代詞＋動詞的ed形式 Without a word more spoken，she left the meeting room. 她沒再說什么話就離開了會議室。 (3)with＋名詞/代詞＋不定式 The kid feels excited with so many places of interest to visit.有這么多的名勝可參觀，小孩很激動。 (4)with＋名詞/代詞＋副詞 The boy was walking，with his father ahead. 父親在前，小孩在后走著。 (5)with＋名詞/代詞＋介詞短語 He stood at the door，with a puter in his hand. 他站在門口，手里拿著一部電腦。 (6)with＋名詞/代詞＋形容詞 With his son so disappointing，the old man felt unhappy.由于兒子如此令人失望，老人感到很不快樂。 溫馨提示：在with(without)的復合結構中，多數(shù)情況下with能省略，但without不能省略。 四、獨立主格結構的句法功能 獨立主格結構在句中一般作狀語，表示時間、條件、原因、伴隨狀況等，還可以作定語。 1．作時間狀語 School over，the students went home. 放學后，學生們都回家了。 The ceremony ended，the games began. 儀式結束后，比賽開始了。 2．作條件狀語 Weather permitting，they will go on an outing to the beach tomorrow. 如果天氣允許的話，他們將在明天組織一次海濱郊游。 Such being the case，you have no grounds for dismissing him. 如果情況如此的話，你沒有理由解聘他。 3．作原因狀語 The boy leading the way，we had no trouble finding the strange cave. 由那個男孩帶路，我們很容易就找到了那奇怪的洞。 There being no further business to discuss，we all went home.沒有別的事可討論，我們都回家了。 4．作伴隨狀語或補充說明 The boys rushed in，sweat pouring down. 那個男孩大汗淋漓地沖了進來。 Ten students entered for the petition，the youngest a boy of 12.十個學生報名參加了這次競賽，年紀最小的是個12歲的男孩。 5．作定語，獨立主格結構作定語其功能相當于一個定語從句。 He is the person with a lot of questions to be settled. 他就是有許多問題要解決的那個人。 He was walking along the road without any street lights on its both sides.他走在一條兩邊沒有路燈的馬路上。 五、獨立主格結構注意事項 1．獨立主格結構與分詞短語都可以轉換為狀語從句。但是獨立主格結構轉換為狀語從句后，它有自己的邏輯主語，與主句的主語不一致；而分詞短語轉換為狀語從句后，從句的主語與主句的主語一致。 Time permitting，we’d better have a holiday at weekends. →If time permits，we’d better have a holiday at weekends.如果時間允許，我們最好周末去度假。 Seeing from the hilltop，we can find the city more beautiful. →When we see from the hilltop，we can find the city more beautiful.從山頂上看，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)這個城市更美了。 2．不能省略being (having been)的情形 在下列兩種情況下，獨立主格結構中的being(或having been)不能省略： (1)獨立主格的邏輯主語是代詞時。 It being Sunday，we went to church. 因為是星期天，我們?nèi)プ隽硕Y拜。 (2)在There being＋名詞的結構中。 There being no bus，we had to go home on foot. 因為沒有公共汽車，所以我們不得不步行回家。 3．物主代詞或冠詞的省略 在“名詞(或代詞)＋介詞短語”構成的獨立主格結構中，一般不用形容詞性物主代詞和冠詞。 Mr.Smith entered the classroom，book in hand. 史密斯先生走進了課室，手里拿著一本書。 4．獨立主格結構沒有所有格形式 The chiefeditor arriving，we began the meeting. 主編來了，我們開始開會。 5．獨立主格的時態(tài)和語態(tài)問題 獨立主格結構作時間或原因狀語時，可用完成時，表示該動作發(fā)生在謂語之前。 The listeners having taken their seats，the concert began.聽眾坐好后，音樂會開始了。 Tom having been late over and over，his boss was very disappointed.由于湯姆一再遲到，他的老板非常失望。 6．當表人體部位的詞作邏輯主語時，及物動詞用現(xiàn)在分詞，不及物動詞用過去分詞。 He lay there，his teeth set，his hands clenched，his eyes looking straight up. 他躺在那兒，牙關緊閉，雙拳緊握，兩眼直視上方。 7．獨立主格結構與獨立成分的異同 (1)有些分詞短語可以獨立存在，在句子中沒有邏輯上的主語，作為習慣用法。這些短語有：generally speaking (總的說來)，frankly speaking (坦率地說)，judging from(從……判斷)，supposing(假設)，等等。 Generally speaking，the rule is very easy to understand. 總的說來，這條規(guī)則很容易懂。 Judging from what he said，he must be an honest man. 由他所說的來判斷，他一定是一個誠實的人。 (2)有些固定短語是帶to的不定式，表明說話人的立場或態(tài)度，在句中作獨立成分。這些短語有：to be honest(老實說)，to be sure(確實)，to tell you the truth(說實話)，to cut a long story short(長話短說)，to be frank(坦率地說)，to make matters/things worse(更糟糕的是)，等等。 To tell you the truth，I made a mistake in the word spelling.說實話，我犯了一個拼寫錯誤。 1．(四川高考)The lecture ________， a lively questionandanswer session followed. A．being given　　　 　　　 　B．having given C．to be given D．having been given 解析：選D　考查獨立主格結構。lecture與give之間是邏輯上的動賓關系，應用被動形式，且根據(jù)句意可知，講座發(fā)生在主句謂語動作之前，因此選擇D。 2．(新課標全國卷)The party will be held in the garden, weather ________. A．permitting B．to permit C．permitted D．permit 解析：選A　考查獨立主格結構。句意：如果天氣允許的話，聚會將在花園里舉行。weather permitting(＝ if weather permits)為獨立主格結構，因為weather是permit這個動作的發(fā)出者，故用現(xiàn)在分詞形式。 Ⅰ.單項填空 1．________ by the heavy snowfalls last year，Chenzhou，a city in South China，was cut off from the outside，______ water and electricity shortage. A．Having struck；facing B．Having struck；faced C．Struck；facing D．Struck；faced 解析：選C　本句的主語為Chenzhou。第一空應填過去分詞表示被動，第二空填現(xiàn)在分詞表結果狀語。 2．The teacher walked up and down the classroom ________ the students’ work. A．inspected B．inspecting C．to inspect D．being inspected 解析：選B　本題考查非謂語動詞的用法。本題需要一現(xiàn)在分詞作伴隨狀語，表示與主句謂語動作同時發(fā)生。所以選B。 3．—Have you read this book called Waiting for Anya? —Who ________ it? A．writes B．has written C．wrote D．had written 解析：選C　考查動詞時態(tài)。本題的語境表明這本書是已出版的書，所以寫書是過去的事，當然用一般過去時。 4．The human body is posed of organs，each ________ a definite job to do. A．have B．to have C．has D．having 解析：選D　句子后半部分為獨立主格結構“代詞＋動詞ing形式＋名詞”的用法，表示對主句的補充說明。 5．The weather ________ so bad，we had to put off the football match. A．was B．is C．were D．being 解析：選D　句子前半部分為獨立主格結構“名詞＋動詞ing形式＋形容詞”在句中作原因狀語。 6. He was busy writing a story，only ________ once in a while to smoke a cigarette. A．to stop B．stopping C．to have stopped D．having stopped 解析：選B　此題考查非謂語動詞作狀語的用法。句意：他在忙于寫一個故事，只是偶爾停下來抽支煙。only在這里是連詞“只是”。此題學生易誤選A。only/just＋不定式用來作狀語通常表示出乎意料的結果，而此句很顯然不是表結果，而是表伴隨。 7．If there’s a lot of work ________，I’m happy to just keep on until it is finished. A．to do B．to be doing C．done D．doing 解析：選A　本題考查非謂語動詞和there be句型。在there be句型中，不定式若作定語，則用主動形式表示被動意義。 8．________ to loud noises for a long time will have one’s hearing ________. A．Exposed；harmed B．Being exposed；harmed C．Exposing；being harmed D．Expose；be harmed 解析：選B　本題考查非謂語動詞用法。從結構和句意看，第一空所需的是主語，應填動名詞且用其被動形式；第二空需考查have sth.done結構，用過去分詞表被動。 9．The great changes would never have taken place ______ the economic reform in our country. A．a(chǎn)part from B．but for C．except D．besides 解析：選B　本題所給選項都有“除……之外”的意思，但意思有細微差別，其中but for還有“要不是”之意。句意：我國要不是實行經(jīng)濟改革，決不會發(fā)生巨大的變化。 10．________many times，but he still can’t understand it. A．Having been told B．He has been told C．Though he had been told D．Being told 解析：選B　在英語中，關鍵詞but連接前后兩個分句，所以前一分句只能是一個句子，而不能用分詞結構。此題學生易誤選A或C。 Ⅱ.完形填空 Learn and Earn Charlie and Jackie worked together in a whole sale pany just after graduation.They were both hardwoking. Several years later，the boss made Jackie sales manager，but Charlie __1__ a salesman.One day Charlie could not __2__ up with it any more.He handed in his resignation letter(辭職信) to the boss and plained that the boss did not __3__ hardworking employees，but only raised those who tried to make him pleased.He thought it was really __4__. The boss knew that Charlie spared no __5__ for the pany all these years，but in order to help Charlie to realize the __6__ between him and Jackie，the boss asked Charlie to do the __7__.“Go and find out if there is anyone selling watermelons in the market.”Charlie went，returned and __8__said，“Yes，”The boss asked，“How much per kg？”Charlie went to the market again to ask and returned to __9__，“＄ 12 per kg.” The boss told Charlie that he would ask Jackie the __10__ question.Jackie went，returned and said，“Boss，only one person is selling watermelons.＄ 12 per kg，＄ 100 for 10 kg.He has a __11__ of 340 melons.On the table are 58 melons，and every melon weighs about 15 kg，bought from the south two __12__ago.They are fresh，red，and of good __13__.” Charlie was __14__ and he realized the difference between himself and Jackie.He decided not to __15__ but to learn from Jackie. My dear friends，you know，a more __16__person is more observant，thinks more and understands in __17__.For the same matter，he sees several years ahead，__18__you see only tomorrow.The difference between a year and a day is 365 times，so how could you __19__？ Think：how __20__ have you seen ahead in your life？How thoughtful are you? 語篇解讀：本文通過兩位同事辦事的不同效率和思維方式向我們說明了對待事情的不同眼光在人生中所起的重要作用。 1．A．made B．became C．remained D．kept 解析：選C　根據(jù)句意可知Charlie仍然是個小售貨員，故選remained。 2．A．make B．catch C．keep D．put 解析：選D　終于有一天Charlie不能忍受了，put up with固定短語，忍受。 3．A．enjoy B．meet C．repay D．value 解析：選D　根據(jù)文意可知，Charlie應當是認為老板不重視真正肯下苦力工作的人，只會給那些馬屁精升職。 4．A．usual B．unfair C．strange D．selfless 解析：選B　Charlie認為這是非常不公平的。 5．A．rest B．trouble C．effect D．effort 解析：選D　根據(jù)句意可知其實老板知道Charlie是個工作非常認真的人，spare no effort固定短語，不遺余力的。 6．A．similarity B．relationship C．difference D．distance 解析：選C　根據(jù)下文可知，老板為了幫助Charlie認識自己同Jackie之間的差距，讓他們做了同樣的事情，difference為最佳選項。distance指時間或空間上的距離。 7．A．following B．finding C．shopping D．searching 解析：選A　根據(jù)下文可知老板讓他們照自己的要求去做，此處following為最佳選項。 8．A．still B．a(chǎn)gain C．even D．only 解析：選D　根據(jù)下文可知Charlie僅僅去看了市場上有沒有西瓜賣。 9．A．offer B．a(chǎn)nswer C．remind D．repeat 解析：選B　Charlie回來之后對老板回答道，此處answer為最佳選項。 10．A．difficult B．familiar C．same D．simple 解析：選C　根據(jù)下文可知老板告訴Charlie，自己將對Jackie提出同樣的要求，故選same。 11．A．total B．lot C．pile D．number 解析：選A　根據(jù)句意可知應該是那人總共有340 kg的西瓜要銷售，故選total。 12．A．days B．months C．years D．minutes 解析：選A　根據(jù)常識可以推測，那堆西瓜應該是兩天前買的，選項中days最符合句意。 13．A．value B．quality C．service D．shape 解析：選B　西瓜很新鮮，瓜瓤又紅，可推出西瓜的品質(zhì)很好。 14．A．struck B．shocked C．puzzled D．encouraged 解析：選A　Charlie頓時目瞪口呆，說不出話，故選struck。 15．A．stay B．stop C．sleep D．leave 解析：選D　根據(jù)下文可知，Charlie應該是決定留下了。 16．A．important B．intelligent C．successful D．hardworking 解析：選C　根據(jù)文意，一個比別人更成功的人必然會觀察更多，考慮更多，理解更多，successful最符合語境。 17．A．time B．depth C．need D．order 解析：選B　比別人考慮問題要更深刻，in depth固定結構，深入地，全面地。 18．A．while B．though C．unless D．when 解析：選A　成功的人目光更長遠，while用在此處表對比。 19．A．see B．think C．know D．win 解析：選D　這樣的話，你如何勝過他人呢？ 20．A．fast B．far C．soon D．long 解析：選B　根據(jù)上文可知作者認為，眼光的長遠決定成功與否，故選far。