2019高中英語 Unit 1 Breaking records Section Ⅲ Using Language教案（含解析）新人教選修9.doc

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Section Ⅲ Using Language Ⅰ.高頻單詞點(diǎn)擊 1．bid vt.& vi.出價(jià)；投標(biāo)→bade/bid(過去式)→bidden/bid(過去分詞) n．出價(jià)；投標(biāo) 2．triathlete n．三項(xiàng)全能運(yùn)動(dòng)員→triathlon n．三項(xiàng)全能運(yùn)動(dòng) 3．champion n．冠軍；優(yōu)勝者→championship n．冠軍稱號(hào) 4．therefore adv.因此；所以 5．economics n．經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)→economical adj.節(jié)儉的→economic adj.經(jīng)濟(jì)的 6．entire adj.全部的；完整的→entirely adv.完全地 7．a(chǎn)ttain vt.達(dá)到；獲得→attainment n．到達(dá)，完成 8．courageous adj.勇敢的；有膽量的→courage n．勇氣，膽量 9．a(chǎn)ppreciate vt.鑒賞；感激→appreciation n．感謝；感激；欣賞 10．a(chǎn)ccountant n. 會(huì)計(jì)→account vi.記賬 11．receptionist n．招待員；接待員→reception n．招待；接待→receive vt. 接待；收到 12．politician n．政治家；政治→political adj.政治(方面)的→politics n. 政治活動(dòng) 13．salary n．薪水 Ⅱ.重點(diǎn)短語必記 1．concentrate on　　　　 全神貫注于，集中注意力于 2．retire from 從……退休 3．have a passion for 熱愛…… 4．decide on 決定，選定 Ⅲ.常用句型必備 At the 1992 Barcelona Olympic Games，she took the gold medal in the womens 10meter platform，being the youngest Olympic diving champion of all time. Ⅳ.功能意念項(xiàng)目 表示驚奇(Surprise) 1．Youre kidding！　　　　　2.Thats wonderful! 3．How amazing/surprising! 4.Really! 5．How e? 6.It surprises me that... 7．What a surprise! [單詞點(diǎn)擊] 1．bid (1)vt.出價(jià)，投標(biāo) bid for　　　　　　　　　　 投標(biāo)競(jìng)爭(zhēng) bid sth.for/on sth. 為……出價(jià)…… She bid ￡500 for the painting. 她叫價(jià)500鎊買這幅畫。 (2)n.出價(jià)，努力 make a bid of ￡ 50　　　　 出50鎊的價(jià) in ones bid to do sth. 企圖，努力去做某事 make a bid for 爭(zhēng)取 He failed in his bid to reach the summit. 他攀登頂峰未能成功。 Many cities made the bid for the sponsorship of the 2020 Olympic Games and Tokyo succeeded in the end. 許多城市參加了2020年奧運(yùn)會(huì)舉辦權(quán)的競(jìng)標(biāo)，東京最終獲得成功。 　 　 They put in the highest________for the house. A．currency B．bid C．proposal D．purchase 解析：選B　currency“流通；貨幣”；bid“投標(biāo)，出價(jià)”；proposal“計(jì)劃”；purchase“購買(力)”。由句意選B項(xiàng)。 2．therefore adv.因此，所以 I was ill，and therefore I could not e. 我病了，所以沒能來。 therefore，so，for (1)therefore副詞，起連接作用。連接兩個(gè)并列分句，其前面常用分號(hào)。 He broke the rules of our school；therefore he was criticized.他違反了校規(guī)，因此受到了批評(píng)。 (2)so 并列連詞，表示結(jié)果，意為“因而，所以，那么，這樣看來”。連接兩個(gè)并列分句，注意because與so不能搭配使用。 He hadnt worked hard，so he didnt pass the exam. 他沒有努力學(xué)習(xí)，因此他考試不及格。 so也可為副詞，表示程度，意為“如此，那么，非常，很”；或表示方式，意為“這樣，那樣，如此”。 (3)for prep.& conj. ①介詞時(shí)，表示目的，意為“為了”。 ②連詞時(shí)，用來連接兩個(gè)并列分句，有時(shí)特指說話者主觀推測(cè)的原因，而不是直接原因；另外，for表示原因時(shí)，從來都是結(jié)果在前，原因在后。 I must be off now，for my sister is waiting for me. 我得走了，我姐姐正等著我呢。 　 　 She has never been to America________she doesnt know much about it. A．therefore B．a(chǎn)nd therefore C．a(chǎn)s a result of D．for 解析：選B　therefore“因此”，是一個(gè)副詞，前面要加連詞and。故選B項(xiàng)。 3．entire adj.整個(gè)的；全部的；完全的；完整的 This would threaten the entire peace of the Middle East.這將威脅到中東全面的和平。 I am in entire agreement with you. 我完全同意你的看法。 entirely adv.　　　　　完全地 The building was entirely destroyed in the earthquake. 在地震中整個(gè)大樓被徹底毀掉。 entire，whole，all，total (1)entire著重從個(gè)體方面著眼來強(qiáng)調(diào)事物的完整性。 The entire village was destroyed.整個(gè)村莊被毀。 (2)whole著重從整體方面著眼來說明事物的完整性。 The workers devoted their whole energy to the task. 工人們把全部精力都放在工作上。 (3)all著重指“整體”，指由“個(gè)體”或“部分”組成的整體?？尚揎椏蓴?shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，也可修飾不可數(shù)名詞，指整個(gè)范圍或全部數(shù)量。位于定冠詞、指示代詞、物主代詞、基數(shù)詞的前面。 All the Chinese people are going all out for the realization of the four modernizations. 全中國人民正在全力以赴為實(shí)現(xiàn)四個(gè)現(xiàn)代化而奮斗。 (4)total指數(shù)量程度的“全部”，把一切都計(jì)算在內(nèi)。 Whats the total population of China? 中國的總?cè)丝谑嵌嗌伲? 　 (1)He spent________his money in gambling. (2)It took us an________week to prepare for the experiment. (3)Her________ine is D|S10,000 a year. (4)Sara seldom stays at home for a ________evening. (5)He had worked________his life in the mine. (6)The________cost was far higher than expected. 答案：(1)all　(2)entire　(3)total　(4)whole　(5)all (6)total 4．a(chǎn)ppreciate vt.賞識(shí)，鑒賞，感激 (1)appreciate＋n./pron./v.ing 重視/感激…… I would appreciate it if ... 假如……，我將不勝感激 (2)appreciation n. 欣賞；感激 There are various art websites that can help students to appreciate and create art pieces. 有各種各樣的藝術(shù)網(wǎng)站可以幫助學(xué)生欣賞和創(chuàng)作藝術(shù)作品。 I really appreciate cooperating with someone who does such a good job. 我非常樂意與工作如此出色的人共事。 Id like to show/express my appreciation for everything youve done. 我想對(duì)您所做的一切表示感激。 注意：當(dāng)appreciate, hate, dislike, love, like, depend/rely on等詞后接賓語從句時(shí)，一般先加it，再接賓語從句。 I would appreciate it if you can give me some advice on how to solve these problems.(山東高考寫作) 如果您能給我一些關(guān)于如何解決這些問題的建議我將不勝感激。 I hate it when people talk with their mouths full. 我討厭別人滿嘴食物說話。 　　 　 I would appreciate ________， to be frank, if goods could be delivered as soon as possible. A．you B．this C．it D．myself 解析：選C　考查代詞。此處it作形式賓語，代替后面的“if goods could be delivered as soon as possible”。to be frank為插入語。 5．salary n．[C，U]薪水 She is on a salary of D|S 24,000 a year. 她的年薪是2.4萬美元。 salary，ine，pay，wages，fee，tip (1)salary指從事腦力勞動(dòng)的人(如事務(wù)員，記者，教師，牧師等)的薪水。定期發(fā)放，常以一個(gè)月或一年為期限。 (2)ine收入，收益，進(jìn)款(統(tǒng)稱)。 (3)pay薪水、工資，最普通用語。特指海陸軍人及其他在政府部門工作的人員的薪金。 (4)wages(pl.)工資，指勞動(dòng)者、工人的工資，通常指給予短期工作者的報(bào)酬，多為每周發(fā)放或計(jì)時(shí)、計(jì)件工資。 (5)fee手續(xù)費(fèi)，薪金；指付給律師、醫(yī)師或其他專業(yè)人員的薪金、學(xué)費(fèi)。 (6)tip在服務(wù)場(chǎng)所付給為你提供服務(wù)的人的額外費(fèi)用即“小費(fèi)”。 用salary，wages，tip，pay，fee，ine填空 　 　 (1)Truck drivers are demanding high________. (2)He earns a________of D|S100,000 a year. (3)________at the cannery are very low. (4)Do you give a________to the waiter? (5)Unearned________is taxed at a higher rate. (6)The lawyer charged a high________for this case. 答案：(1)pay　(2)salary　(3)Wages　(4)tip　(5)ine　(6)fee [短語精析] concentrate on全神貫注于；集中注意力于 (1)concentrate on (doing) sth. 　　　　　　　 專心(做)某事 concentrate ones mind/attention/energy on 集中注意力；致力于；專心于 (2)fix/focus ones mind/attention on ... 集中注意力于…… (3)concentration n. 集中；專心 Playing puter games can give us some relaxation after school, but as students we must concentrate on our studies. 放學(xué)后玩電腦游戲能給我們帶來快樂和放松，但是作為學(xué)生，我們必須集中精力學(xué)習(xí)。 We must focus our attention on urgent problems. 我們必須把注意力集中在緊急的問題上。 Speaking on the phone requires concentration and takes a drivers attention from the road. 打電話需要集中注意力，這樣就分散了司機(jī)對(duì)路面的注意力。 　　 　 ________ the loud noise going on in the workshop, I can hardly ________ on my lessons. A．As; put B．As; concentrate C．With; rely D．With; concentrate 解析：選D　句意：由于講習(xí)班聲音嘈雜，我?guī)缀醪荒芗凶⒁饬ψ龉φn?！癬_______ the loud noise going on in the workshop”為with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)；concentrate on“專注于……”。 [句型歸納] 　At the 1992 Barcelona Olympic games，she took the gold medal in the womens 10meter platform，being the youngest Olympic diving champion of all time.在1992年巴塞羅那奧運(yùn)會(huì)上，她獲得了十米跳臺(tái)的金牌，成為奧運(yùn)會(huì)有史以來最年輕的跳水冠軍。 本句中being the youngest Olympic diving champion of all time是現(xiàn)在分詞短語作結(jié)果狀語。 The parents died in the Ludian Earthquake, leaving him an orphan. 在魯?shù)榈卣鹬兴母改杆懒耍顾闪斯聝骸? 現(xiàn)在分詞表示自然而然的結(jié)果；不定式表示意想不到的結(jié)果，其前常加only。 He got up late and hurried to his office, leaving the breakfast untouched.(天津高考) 他起晚了，然后匆忙趕到辦公室，早飯根本沒動(dòng)。 George returned after the war, only to be told that his wife had left him.(山東高考) 喬治戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)后回到家，結(jié)果被告知妻子已經(jīng)離開了他。 　 　 (1)(天津高考)Anxiously, she took the dress out of the package and tried it on, only ________ it didnt fit. A．to find　　　　　　　　 B．found C．finding D．having found 解析：選A　考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。從本句中的took the dress out of和tried it on可知，她急于試這件衣服，句中的it didnt fit表明這件衣服不合適，因此這里用不定式表示“出乎意料的結(jié)果”。 (2)(新課標(biāo)全國卷Ⅱ)I got to the office earlier that day，________ the 7：30 train from Paddington. A．caught B．to have caught C．to catch D．having caught 解析：選D　由句意可知catch the 7：30 train這一動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語動(dòng)詞got to the office之前，故用現(xiàn)在分詞的完成時(shí)。 如何寫人物 寫人的記敘文是一種最普遍、最基本的寫作文體。該種記敘文必須以某個(gè)人物為中心組織材料，圍繞該人物某一件事或幾件事來進(jìn)行敘述。寫作時(shí)，應(yīng)注意以下幾個(gè)方面： 1．主題鮮明，內(nèi)容清楚。確切地說，在記敘時(shí)要把有關(guān)的時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、人物、原因等因素交代清楚，才能給人以完整的印象。 2．層次分明，有條有理。記敘時(shí)，應(yīng)按故事或事件發(fā)生的時(shí)間順序依次進(jìn)行敘述。寫作時(shí)，要有開頭、正文及結(jié)尾。若涉及幾個(gè)人或幾件事，或一件大事中還包括小事時(shí)，還需要對(duì)記敘的事情做出分析，分清主線和副線，圍繞主線安排副線。 3．詳略得當(dāng)，主次適宜。記敘事情時(shí)，要注意主題鮮明突出、清楚具體。寫人時(shí)，要抓住典型事例、典型行動(dòng)。對(duì)中心事件和最能表現(xiàn)中心思想的地方，要詳細(xì)敘述；次要的方面就少寫或不寫。 【寫作任務(wù)】 請(qǐng)根據(jù)下表中的內(nèi)容寫一篇100詞左右的短文。 姓名 楊振寧 性別 男 國籍 美籍華人 出生地 安徽 出生日期 1922年9月22日 職業(yè) 物理學(xué)家 教育背景 清華大學(xué)研究生；美國芝加哥大學(xué)博士 簡(jiǎn)介及照片 1950年在美國結(jié)婚，婚后有兩子一女，均在美國安家立業(yè) 1957年和李政道一起獲得諾貝爾物理學(xué)獎(jiǎng) 1998年起任清華大學(xué)教授 2004年12月從美國回國并定居清華園，在清華大學(xué)教授物理 獲得多種榮譽(yù)，是許多大學(xué)的榮譽(yù)教授 注意：1.所寫短文應(yīng)包括所有要點(diǎn)，但不可逐字翻譯； 2．開頭已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。 Yang Zhenning，an American Chinese physicist，was born... ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 【范文在線】 Yang Zhenning，an American Chinese physicist，was born on September 22,1922，in Anhui Province，China.After receiving his masters degree in Qinghua University，he got his doctors degree in Americas Chicago University.He got married in 1950 and had two sons and a daughter，all of whom had built their homes in the US.In 1957，he and his partner Li Zhengdao won the Nobel Prize for physics.Yang has been invited to be a professor in Qinghua University since 1998.In December,2004，he returned to homeland from America and settled down in the university，beginning his teaching in Qinghua.In all his life，he has been given lots of honors and titled as the honored professor for many universities. 【靚點(diǎn)點(diǎn)擊】 1．本文從整體上來看，結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊、詳略得當(dāng)、中心突出。 2．文中使用了比較復(fù)雜的語法形式。如：an American Chinese physicist(同位語)；had two sons and a daughter，all of whom had built their homes...(非限制性定語從句)；and settled down in the university，beginning his teaching in Qinghua(分詞作伴隨狀語)。 3．文中的receive ones masters degree，be invited to do，settle down等高級(jí)詞匯及短語的應(yīng)用也給文章增色不少。 請(qǐng)從下列人物中選擇你最喜歡的一位，用英語寫一篇120詞左右的短文，要求根據(jù)所給信息作適當(dāng)發(fā)揮，且須包括以下三部分內(nèi)容： 1．對(duì)該人物的簡(jiǎn)單介紹； 2．喜歡該人物的理由； 3．從該人物身上得到的啟示。 Thomas Edison Helen Keller William Shakespeare inventor；creative；diligent；full of wisdom ordinary but great woman；disabled；optimistic； eager to learn writer；talented；imaginative； man of all ages “Genius is one percent inspiration and ninetynine percent perspiration.” “...if I had the power of sight for three days.” “Life is a stage...” 參考范文： Thomas Edison Born in America，Thomas Edison was a great scientist and inventor.He was once thought to be a boy who was not worth educating.In fact，he was a man full of imagination. I admire Edison a lot because of his great contribution to the world.He had more than 1,000 inventions.In his life time，he was always eager to know how things worked，which helped him to earn the nickname “the Wizard of Melo Park”．He was also so diligent that he worked day and night.And this explained why he had so many great inventions. What impresses me most is his famous saying，“Genius is one percent inspiration and ninetynine percent perspiration.” Probably I cannot be an Edison myself，but I can be a hardworking learner.From him，I realize the secret to success is not when or where you were born，but what you are doing and how you do it in your life. Helen Keller Every time I read “...if I had the power of sight for three days”，I cannot help being moved by its author Helen Keller，an ordinary but great American woman. I admire Helen because she is optimistic about life.She became deaf and blind when she was 19 months old.Since then she lived in a world of darkness and silence，and munication seemed only a dream for her.But she never gave up and struggled to lead an active life.Under the guidance of her teacher，Ms.Sulliven，Helen learned to read and write and became a famous writer.For a disabled person like her，this was really a wonder! Helen has set an excellent example to all of us.Her story tells us that we should value what we have，and try our best to overe any difficulty in life. William Shakespeare Do you know Hamlet？Have you read The Merchant of Venice？These two great works are both written by William Shakespeare，my favorite English writer and the man of all ages! Shakespeare，a son from a poor family，a man of little education，wrote plays and poems that are read all over the world.I like him because his edies and tragedies bring me into a fantastic world；I love him because his poems let me enjoy the beauty of the English language；I admire him because his keen sights set me thinking and teach me how to lead a meaningful life! Since “Life is a stage”，we are actually all actors and actresses.On this stage，everyone has his own role to play，and I will try my best to play my role well. Ⅰ.單詞拼寫 1．He b______D|S5 for an old book. 答案：bid 2．The little boy is j______with balls. 答案：juggling 3．We really a__________her offering to help. 答案：appreciated 4．We spent an e______day on the beach. 答案：entire 5．He is an________(業(yè)余愛好者) in table tennis. 答案：amateur 6．Because hes younger，he，________(因此)，needs more sleep. 答案：therefore 7．The newspaper publishes a ________(簡(jiǎn)介) of a leading sportsman every week. 答案：profile 8．Jones worked so hard that he________(達(dá)到) his sales goal for the month. 答案：attained Ⅱ.單句改錯(cuò) 1．I regret telling you that you have to take the exam again as you have failed to pass it. ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：telling改為to tell 2．Mr.Wang preferred staying at home rather than go out for a walk. ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：go 改為going 3．He was seriously ill.However，he couldnt go to work. ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：However改為Therefore 4．I do appreciate you to help me. ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：to help改為helping 5．Dont be hard to him.After all，he is only a child. ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：to改為on Ⅲ.單項(xiàng)填空 1．He injured his leg and________couldnt play in the game. A．therefore B．however C．in which case D．in this way 解析：選A　由句意知前后為因果關(guān)系，故用therefore。 2．Oil prices have risen by 51 percent since the start of the year，________a record of US D|S 79.74 a barrel on July 14. A．have reached B．reaching C．to reach D．to be reaching 解析：選B　本題的考點(diǎn)是非謂語動(dòng)詞作狀語?，F(xiàn)在分詞作結(jié)果狀語表示順理成章、必然結(jié)果，而不定式作結(jié)果狀語表示出乎意料的結(jié)果。分析句意可知，這兒是必然的、顯而易見的結(jié)果，故用現(xiàn)在分詞。 3．The ship at last________the harbour. A．a(chǎn)ttained B．has attained C．a(chǎn)ttained to D．has attained to 解析：選C　attain可作不及物動(dòng)詞，意為“到達(dá)”。由句意可知，C項(xiàng)正確。 4．I dont appreciate________like a secondclass citizen. A．being treated B．to be treated C．treating D．to treat 解析：選A　appreciate后接v.ing形式作賓語，再由句意可知，I與treat為邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，應(yīng)用被動(dòng)形式。故選A項(xiàng)。 5．He will not be out of debt until he gets________next week. A．ine B．fee C．pay D．paid 解析：選D　get＋v.ed表被動(dòng)。get paid得到工資。 6．While Jack is a(n)________，he does so well in that he is up to the professional level. A．student B．outsider C．beginner D．a(chǎn)mateur 解析：選D　由句中professional level可知Jack是一個(gè)業(yè)余愛好者，即amateur。 Ⅳ.閱讀理解 It was an early September day，cool and bright and just right for running，and I was in the first few miles of a 10knownmile race over a course with a few high hills.Still，I felt energetic；despite the hills it was going to be a fine run. Just ahead of me was Peggy Mimno，a teacher from Mount Kiseo，New York.She too was running easily，moving along at my speed.The pace felt fortable，so I decided to stay where I was；why pay attention to pace when she was setting such a nice one？Id overtake(追上) her later on when she tired. So I ran behind her.The course headed north for miles，wandered west for a hilly mile，then turned south again along a winding road.The race was getting harder.We had four miles left and already it was beginning to be real work. Peggy overtook a young runner.She seemed to know him，for they exchanged a few cheerful words as she passed him.Their exchange worried me.You dont chat during a race unless feeling good，and Peggy plainly was. Still，I was close enough to overtake her if she tired，so I didnt give up hope pletely.We were getting nearer to a long，punishing hill now and it would be the test.We were a mile from the finish line，so whatever happened on the hill would almost determine who crossed it first. As I moved up the hill，my attention wandered for a few minutes.When I looked up，Peggy was moving away—first five yards，then ten，then more.Finally it was clear that there was no help of catching her.She beat me soundly. There is an important lesson in that race.Women are thought to be weaker，slower and not nearly as skilled in sport.Yet as Peggy Mimno so clearly showed，the similarities between men and women runners are more important than differences.I have run with a number of women，and I can say it is often hard work. 1．What did the writer think of the race in the beginning? A．It would be hard work. B．It would be an easy race. C．It would be a test of his strength. D．It would be a good learning experience. 解析：選B　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。第一段告訴我們作者一開始認(rèn)為這是一次輕松的比賽。 2．What worried the writer when Peggy greeted the young runner? A．Peggy overtook the young runner. B．Peggy was running energetically. C．Peggy was laughing at the writer. D．Peggy paid no attention to the writer. 解析：選B　推理判斷題。從第二段可以看出，作者擔(dān)心的是Peggy精力充沛地跑著。 3．By saying “a long，punishing hill”(Paragraph 5)，the writer implies that ________. A．Peggy would fail to reach the hilltop B．men are more skilled at climbing hills C．overtaking Peggy would be easy D．climbing the hill would be a demanding task 解析：選D　字句理解題。由所在句子的語境可以看出，在比賽中爬山是一項(xiàng)費(fèi)力的任務(wù)。 4．What lesson does the writer learn from the race? A．Women are as good as men in sport. B．Women are better at climbing hills. C．He should have more training in a crosscountry race. D．He should set a quicker pace at the beginning. 解析：選A　推理判斷題。整篇短文就是介紹了作者和Peggy賽跑的故事，Peggy的勝利說明在體育方面婦女和男人一樣優(yōu)秀。