花卉包裝機(jī)設(shè)計(jì)——花卉傳輸部分的設(shè)計(jì)
花卉包裝機(jī)設(shè)計(jì)——花卉傳輸部分的設(shè)計(jì),花卉,裝機(jī),設(shè)計(jì),傳輸,部分
中文譯文
藥品包裝機(jī)械概念設(shè)計(jì)評(píng)述
一、我國(guó)包裝機(jī)械的現(xiàn)狀：?
產(chǎn)品的包裝是我國(guó)工業(yè)發(fā)展的重要組成部分，是國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)中不可缺少的新興行業(yè)。我國(guó)包裝機(jī)械總體呈現(xiàn)低出發(fā)點(diǎn)趨勢(shì)。由于企業(yè)的性質(zhì)不同，企業(yè)之間資金和設(shè)備存在區(qū)別，自動(dòng)化水平也不一致，大多數(shù)企業(yè)在低水平設(shè)備上徘徊。?
20年前，第一次應(yīng)用在包裝機(jī)械產(chǎn)品的PLC開(kāi)啟了包裝機(jī)械自動(dòng)化技術(shù)的時(shí)代。之后，隨著控制與驅(qū)動(dòng)技術(shù)、伺服技術(shù)及數(shù)字化理念的介入，包裝機(jī)械市場(chǎng)已經(jīng)經(jīng)歷了多輪變革。目前中國(guó)已經(jīng)成為世界最大的商品生產(chǎn)和出口大國(guó)，全球的目光也聚焦在發(fā)展最快、規(guī)模最大、最具潛力的中國(guó)包裝市場(chǎng)。?
經(jīng)過(guò)20多年的發(fā)展，我國(guó)包裝機(jī)械已成為機(jī)械工業(yè)中十大行業(yè)之一，為我國(guó)包裝工業(yè)快速發(fā)展提供了有效的保障。但目前，我國(guó)包裝機(jī)械出口額還不足總產(chǎn)值的5%，進(jìn)口額卻與總產(chǎn)值大抵相當(dāng)，與發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家相去甚遠(yuǎn)。包裝機(jī)械行業(yè)缺少龍頭企業(yè)，生產(chǎn)規(guī)模大、產(chǎn)品檔次高的企業(yè)不多。根據(jù)食品和包裝機(jī)械工業(yè)協(xié)會(huì)的統(tǒng)計(jì)，中國(guó)目前有包裝機(jī)械廠商3600多家，但產(chǎn)值及銷(xiāo)售額超過(guò)億元的現(xiàn)在只有20家。?
我國(guó)包裝產(chǎn)品需求的突飛猛進(jìn)帶動(dòng)了整個(gè)包裝行業(yè)的蓬勃發(fā)展，其中包裝機(jī)械企業(yè)也同樣面臨著非常好的發(fā)展機(jī)會(huì)，但是卻有諸多因素制約著包裝機(jī)械行業(yè)的發(fā)展。?
二、國(guó)內(nèi)包裝機(jī)械自動(dòng)化存在的問(wèn)題：?
我國(guó)自動(dòng)化包裝機(jī)械還基本停留在測(cè)試仿制階段，自行開(kāi)發(fā)能力弱，缺少科研生產(chǎn)中試基地。統(tǒng)計(jì)顯示，我國(guó)包裝機(jī)械品種只有1300多種，配套數(shù)量少，缺少高精度和大型化產(chǎn)產(chǎn)品，不能滿(mǎn)足市場(chǎng)需求：產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量差距表現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)品性能低，穩(wěn)定性和可靠性差、外觀造型不美觀、表面處理粗糙，許多元器件質(zhì)量差，壽命短、可靠性低，影響了整體產(chǎn)品的質(zhì)量。?
盡管市場(chǎng)前景廣闊，但諸如企業(yè)規(guī)模較小、產(chǎn)品層次低和可靠性差、進(jìn)口依賴(lài)嚴(yán)重、開(kāi)發(fā)能力低下、研發(fā)投入不足、專(zhuān)業(yè)技術(shù)人才缺乏等問(wèn)題也使國(guó)內(nèi)包裝機(jī)械產(chǎn)品飽受詬病。?
1. 企業(yè)規(guī)模較小?統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)顯示，我國(guó)包裝工業(yè)發(fā)展迅速，到目前為止全國(guó)包裝機(jī)械產(chǎn)量達(dá)?53.3?萬(wàn)臺(tái)套，產(chǎn)值為?1300?億元。包裝機(jī)械企業(yè)有?9000?多家，從業(yè)人數(shù)55?萬(wàn)以上，科研院所和高等院校130?余所，產(chǎn)品品種?1300?余種。包裝企業(yè)多，產(chǎn)量多，產(chǎn)品結(jié)構(gòu)零散成為制約我國(guó)包裝機(jī)械行業(yè)發(fā)展的重要因素之一。包裝機(jī)械行業(yè)存在著嚴(yán)重的重復(fù)建設(shè)問(wèn)題，進(jìn)入門(mén)檻低和調(diào)控手段不夠是造成這個(gè)問(wèn)題的主因。因包裝機(jī)械企業(yè)起點(diǎn)低、“先天不足”且跨部門(mén)，存在統(tǒng)籌規(guī)劃、宏觀指導(dǎo)難的問(wèn)題，在投資和開(kāi)發(fā)新產(chǎn)品方面往往一哄而起，出現(xiàn)低水平重復(fù)的無(wú)序競(jìng)爭(zhēng)。
2. 落后的國(guó)內(nèi)機(jī)械性能藥品包裝機(jī)械大多，精度低，速度慢，平穩(wěn)調(diào)度包裝機(jī)械行程過(guò)程中含有大量的二元復(fù)雜的間歇運(yùn)動(dòng)。主要由凸輪、連桿來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)。但是，許多設(shè)計(jì)人員不能根據(jù)工作周期圖和精度要求獨(dú)立設(shè)計(jì)參數(shù)計(jì)算凸輪連桿機(jī)構(gòu)的運(yùn)動(dòng)學(xué)和動(dòng)力學(xué)。只是進(jìn)行逐點(diǎn)測(cè)繪，國(guó)外模型機(jī)的凸輪連桿零件拆下來(lái)簡(jiǎn)單。導(dǎo)致執(zhí)行機(jī)構(gòu)誤差很大。國(guó)產(chǎn)鋁塑包裝機(jī)械運(yùn)行速度大多比截止頻率較低，如鋁泡罩封隔器的100分鐘300分，全自動(dòng)藥盒包裝箱箱速度50 -箱/ MS。但是，在國(guó)際上，先進(jìn)的鋁模具沖蓋封隔器切割頻率可達(dá)600分鐘。全自動(dòng)藥盒包裝箱速度可達(dá)到600～800盒/分鐘。國(guó)產(chǎn)藥品包裝機(jī)械不僅工作速度慢。而且，合作伙伴有更大的噪音。
3. 水平落后的控制下，國(guó)產(chǎn)藥品包裝機(jī)械大多控制低，自動(dòng)化程度差，故障導(dǎo)致高度。主要包裝機(jī)械指盒控制國(guó)內(nèi)藥品與飲用酒控股機(jī)械）采用PLC做現(xiàn)場(chǎng)。但是，先進(jìn)的藥品包裝機(jī)械大多是從計(jì)算機(jī)系統(tǒng)實(shí)現(xiàn)的。在水平相對(duì)落后的控制下。國(guó)內(nèi)絕大多數(shù)藥品包裝機(jī)械自動(dòng)化性較差。一般采用單一生產(chǎn)模式。全自動(dòng)生產(chǎn)線少。二是全自動(dòng)化工程無(wú)法實(shí)現(xiàn)。要求人力以原料為原料。手動(dòng)裝箱。如果在一個(gè)小紙箱包裝紙、紙頁(yè)、紙盒里都需要藥品板，規(guī)格紙就要親自搬運(yùn)。并且需要專(zhuān)人專(zhuān)門(mén)負(fù)責(zé)說(shuō)明書(shū)、醫(yī)藥板、紙盒等的隨時(shí)整理使用。避免導(dǎo)致機(jī)器比賽或?qū)е虏煌暾囊?guī)格，藥品板，藥品盒現(xiàn)象。其他，國(guó)產(chǎn)藥品包裝機(jī)械故障率較高?？刂圃ㄈ缋^電器、電磁閥、接觸器、斷路器等）往往容易損壞。停機(jī)也經(jīng)常發(fā)生故障。
4. 功能單一，擴(kuò)展性差。藥品包裝機(jī)械是專(zhuān)為特殊包裝而設(shè)計(jì)的調(diào)節(jié)范圍內(nèi)的一般規(guī)格范圍可調(diào)。但是，我國(guó)很多藥品包裝機(jī)械在設(shè)計(jì)時(shí)考慮不足。并不是改革再進(jìn)一步留出足夠的空間。使機(jī)械設(shè)計(jì)，能夠適應(yīng)在幾種簡(jiǎn)單的模板。改變不適應(yīng)包裝材料或模板尺寸。適合連。產(chǎn)成品的包生孩子也不好。
5. 綜合考慮缺陷。資源不充分利用。我國(guó)藥品包裝機(jī)械設(shè)計(jì)中存在混亂現(xiàn)象。許多機(jī)械設(shè)計(jì)人員拖動(dòng)到。
6. 系統(tǒng)在方案設(shè)計(jì)的控制下。在藥品包裝機(jī)械中，一個(gè)非常重要的環(huán)節(jié)就是對(duì)每個(gè)組織進(jìn)行實(shí)時(shí)檢測(cè)。確保設(shè)備運(yùn)行平穩(wěn)。目前許多機(jī)械產(chǎn)品選用了大量的光電開(kāi)關(guān)作為檢測(cè)元件。在某些機(jī)械等設(shè)備上有PC檢測(cè)泡罩系統(tǒng)等設(shè)備。這一切需要精心設(shè)計(jì)。而且，海軍總公司是一個(gè)整體。近年來(lái)，由于我國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)形勢(shì)的持續(xù)發(fā)展和國(guó)家對(duì)制藥行業(yè)的強(qiáng)制性，推行GMP（藥品生產(chǎn)質(zhì)量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)）認(rèn)證制度。藥品包裝機(jī)械取得了長(zhǎng)足的進(jìn)步。新產(chǎn)品逐漸增加。工程水平有了很大的提高。但與國(guó)際標(biāo)準(zhǔn)相比還存在很大差距。接近60%的產(chǎn)品水平不能達(dá)到上世紀(jì)80年代的發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家水平。大型先進(jìn)設(shè)備主要依賴(lài)進(jìn)口。我國(guó)藥品包裝機(jī)械工程水平低是我國(guó)企業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)設(shè)計(jì)人員水平低的一大原因。
我國(guó)藥品包裝機(jī)械與國(guó)際先進(jìn)水平相比還有較大差距。國(guó)內(nèi)主要存在的藥品包裝機(jī)械設(shè)計(jì)時(shí)間不足。
結(jié)束語(yǔ)
藥品包裝思想觀念設(shè)計(jì)融進(jìn)玫瑰花包裝中能很好縮短設(shè)計(jì)周期，加快產(chǎn)品開(kāi)發(fā)，使產(chǎn)品設(shè)計(jì)更合理、更有親和力，更適合人機(jī)工程。同時(shí)，在提高藥品包裝機(jī)械設(shè)計(jì)水平的同時(shí)，降低成本、提高企業(yè)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力的主要手段是缺乏被動(dòng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)方面的落后。為了適應(yīng)“工業(yè)4.0時(shí)代”帶來(lái)的挑戰(zhàn)。設(shè)計(jì)人員必須認(rèn)真對(duì)待產(chǎn)品概念設(shè)計(jì)。加深理解概念設(shè)計(jì)的意義。
畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文）任務(wù)書(shū)
題目：花卉包裝機(jī)設(shè)計(jì)——花卉傳輸部分的設(shè)計(jì)
系 名
專(zhuān) 業(yè)
學(xué) 號(hào)
學(xué)生姓名
指導(dǎo)教師
職 稱(chēng)
2016年11月30日
一、原始依據(jù)（包括設(shè)計(jì)或論文的工作基礎(chǔ)、研究條件、應(yīng)用環(huán)境、工作目的等。）
針對(duì)傳統(tǒng)的玫瑰花半成品包裝作業(yè)完全依賴(lài)于人工勞作，進(jìn)而導(dǎo)致勞動(dòng)強(qiáng)度大，花刺對(duì)人手的創(chuàng)傷嚴(yán)重以及工作效率低下經(jīng)常使玫瑰花錯(cuò)過(guò)最佳銷(xiāo)售期，造成巨大經(jīng)濟(jì)損失等問(wèn)題，研發(fā)一種玫瑰花半成品自動(dòng)包裝機(jī)械，以代替人工勞作。本題目主要設(shè)計(jì)花卉從上料工位到包裝工位之間的傳輸部分設(shè)計(jì)。
研究條件：一臺(tái)CPU為Intel P4 3.0E,內(nèi)存為1G的PC機(jī)，參考資料可從圖書(shū)館及圖書(shū)館數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)中獲得。
應(yīng)用環(huán)境：應(yīng)用于半成品玫瑰花的自動(dòng)包裝生產(chǎn)線上。
工作目的：熟悉半成品玫瑰花的包裝工藝，以及生產(chǎn)自動(dòng)化的實(shí)施方法。
二、參考文獻(xiàn)
[1]張策主編.機(jī)械原理與機(jī)械設(shè)計(jì)（上冊(cè)）[M].北京：機(jī)械工業(yè)出版社，2008.
[2]張策主編.機(jī)械原理與機(jī)械設(shè)計(jì)（下冊(cè)）[M].北京：機(jī)械工業(yè)出版社，2008.
[3] 成大先.機(jī)械設(shè)計(jì)手冊(cè)（第四版）[M].北京：化學(xué)工業(yè)出版社,2002.25-28.
[4] 王燕群，趙志崗，葉金鐸等主編.材料力學(xué)[M].天津：天津?qū)W出版社，2001.
[5] 廖念釗主編.互換性測(cè)量技術(shù)基礎(chǔ).第三版[M].中國(guó)計(jì)量出版社，2002.
[6] 邱宣懷主編.機(jī)械設(shè)計(jì).第四版[M].北京：高等教育出版社，2004.
[7] 申永勝主編.機(jī)械原理[M].北京:清華大學(xué)出版社,2003.
[8] 徐浩主編.機(jī)械設(shè)計(jì)課程設(shè)計(jì)手冊(cè)[M].北京:高等教育出版社，2003.
[9]王偉，張融主編.SolidWorks工程應(yīng)用[M].武漢：華中科技大學(xué)出版社，2013.
三、設(shè)計(jì)（研究）內(nèi)容和要求（包括設(shè)計(jì)或研究?jī)?nèi)容、主要指標(biāo)與技術(shù)參數(shù)，并根據(jù)課題性質(zhì)對(duì)學(xué)生提出具體要求。）
設(shè)計(jì)內(nèi)容：
1.分析研究有關(guān)文獻(xiàn)資料；
2.方案設(shè)計(jì)，提出若干解決問(wèn)題的方案并進(jìn)行討論，提出一種具有優(yōu)勢(shì)技術(shù)方向的方案；
3.具體設(shè)計(jì)包括：
（1）主傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)總體方案設(shè)計(jì)；
（2）機(jī)架設(shè)計(jì)以及關(guān)鍵零部件設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算；
（3）利用SolidWorks建立整套裝置的三維模型。
具體要求：
1. 完成設(shè)計(jì)說(shuō)明書(shū)：1.5萬(wàn)字左右，并按要求格式排版裝訂。
2. 利用三維軟件完成花卉包裝機(jī)的花卉傳輸部分的裝配圖和部分零件圖，圖紙量不少于0號(hào)圖紙2張。
指導(dǎo)教師（簽字）
年 月 日
審題小組組長(zhǎng)（簽字）
年 月 日
Fundamentals of Mechanical Design
The present situation of packaging machinery in China:
The packaging of the product is an important part of China's industrial development, and it is an indispensable emerging industry in the national economy. China's packaging machinery has a low starting point. Because of the different nature of the enterprise, there is a difference between the money and equipment between enterprises, and the level of automation is not consistent, and most companies are on the low level equipment.
Twenty years ago, the first time that the packaging machine was applied to the packaging machine was the first time that a PLC was applied to the packaging machine automation technology. Then, as control and drive technology, servo technology and digital ideas stepped in, the packaging machine market had undergone many changes. At present China has become the world's largest commodity producer and exporter, global attention has focused on the fastest growing and largest, the most promising Chinese packaging market.
After more than 20 years of development, the packaging machinery of China has become one of the ten industries in the machinery industry, which provides an effective guarantee for the rapid development of packaging industry in China. But at present, China's packaging machinery exports are less than 5 percent of the total output value, but the import amount is quite the same as the total output value, far from the developed countries. There is a shortage of leading enterprises in the packaging machinery industry, and there are not many enterprises with large scale and high quality products. According to the food and packaging machinery industry association, China now has more than 3,600 packaged-machinery manufacturers, but only 20 are now worth more than 100 million yuan.
The rapid development of packaging products in our country needs to drive the whole of the vigorous development of packaging industry, including packaging machinery enterprises are also facing a very good development opportunities, but there are many factors restrict the development of packaging machinery industry.
The problem of automatic packaging machine automation in China:
The automatic packaging machine of China is still basically in the test imitation stage, the self-development ability is weak, lack the scientific research production the test base. Statistics show that more than 1300 kinds of varieties of packaging machinery in our country only, supporting small, lack of high precision and large scale production, product can't meet the demand of market, product quality gap in the product performance is low, poor stability and reliability, not beautiful appearance style, rough surface treatment, poor quality of many components, short service life, low reliability, affect the quality of the whole product.
Despite the wide prospect of market, such as low-level enterprise on a smaller scale, product and poor reliability, import dependence, serious, inadequate development ability is low, research and development, lack of professional and technical personnel and also make the domestic packaging machinery products to ridicule.
1, according to the enterprise on a smaller scale, packing industry is developing rapidly in China, so far the national packaging machinery production of 533000 sets of production value of 130 billion yuan. There are more than 9000 packing machinery enterprises, more than 550,000 employees, more than 130 scientific research institutes and colleges and universities, over 1, 300 varieties of products. The packaging enterprises are many, the output is much, the product structure is fragmented and becomes one of the important factors that restrict the development of the packaging machinery industry in China. There are serious duplication problems in the packaging machinery industry, and low barriers to entry and inadequate regulation are the main causes of this problem. Because of low starting point, packaging machinery enterprises "deficiency" and across departments, overall planning, macro guidance difficult problems, in terms of investment and development of new products is often a coax, low level repeated disorderly competition.
In recent years, Carry out GMP (medicines and chemical reagents produces specifications of quality) attestation system because of sustained our country economic situation rise and country to pharmacy industry mandatory. Medicines and chemical reagents package machinery has got quite great progress. The new product increases by gradually. Engineering level has had very big improvement. But be returning very big gaps back to existence compared with international standards. Level being close to 60%'s product cannot to reach upper developed country century eighties. Large-scale advanced equipment is dependent on entrance mainly. Low our country medicines and chemical reagents package machinery engineering level is that the design designing personnel low level from our country enterprise arouses to a great extent.
One, our country medicines and chemical reagents package machinery current situation analyses
Our country medicines and chemical reagents package machinery still has bigger gap compared with advanced international level. What time is insufficient on domestic medicines and chemical reagents package machinery design under main existence
1) Backward domestic mechanical performance medicines and chemical reagents package machinery mostly, accuracy low velocity, is slow, stationarity dispatches package machinery travel process to contain large amount of dyadic complicated intermittence motion. Come to come true mainly from the cam, the connecting rod. But, many design that the personnel is unable to require that the independence designs the parameter calculating cam bar linkage kinematics and dynamics according to job cycle picture and accuracy. Be only the surveying and mapping carrying out a piecemeal that the abroad model machine cam connecting rod part is dismantled down simplely. Bring about actuating mechanism error is very big. That domestic medicines and chemical reagents package machinery runs speed mostly is more general than hanging down according to cutting frequency if the aluminium moulds bubble cover packer's for 100 one 300 mins, full-automatic medicine box packer dress box speed 50- 200 boxes/ ms in. But, on the international, the advanced aluminium moulds rushing steeping cover packer cutting frequency be able to reach 600 mins. Full-automatic medicine box packer dress box speed is able to reach 600 ~ 800 box/ mins. Not only working speed of domestic medicines and chemical reagents package machinery is slow. And, the partner has bigger noise.
2) Is under the control of horizontal backward. Domestic medicines and chemical reagents package machinery controls low, automation of level difference mostly , the malfunction leads height. (Main package machinery finger box dress controls domestic medicines and chemical reagents with drinking wine holding machinery with) adopt PLC to do a scene mostly. But, advanced medicines and chemical reagents package machinery realizes supervisory control abroad mostly from computer system. Under the control of horizontal relatively backward. Great majority domestic medicines and chemical reagents package machinery automation sex is relatively poor. Adopt a single to produce a pattern first commonly. The full-automatic production line is few. Two is that full-automation works cannot to achieve. Require that the manpower feeds in raw material. Hand movement enchases. If in a little paper box packer, Page, paper box all needs medicine board , specifications paper to move charging personally. And require specially-assigned person to pay attention to if specifications, medicine board, paper box already finish using at any time. Happen to avoid bringing about machine racing or bringing about incomplete specifications, medicine board, and medicine box phenomenon. Other, domestic medicines and chemical reagents package mechanic failure rates are higher. Control a component (if the relay, electromagnetic valve, contactor, breaker etc.) etc. are often easy to damage. Halt also to frequently occur the malfunction.
3) Functions are unitary, expansion sex is bad. Medicines and chemical reagents package machinery is that the form designs that specifically for specially appointed package. The general specification range inner in regulation is adjustable. But, a lot of our country medicines and chemical reagents package machinery considers insufficiency when designing that. Be not that reforming going a step further sets apart sufficient space. Cause the machinery designing that to be able to only adapt to the form board in several kinds simplicities. Change not adapting to wrapping material or the form board dimension. Fit in with even. The package finished product mass giving birth to a child is neither nice.
4) Considers deficiency synthetically. Resource does not fully utilize. Our country medicines and chemical reagents there exists the chaos phenomenon in package machinery design. A lot of machinery designs that the personnel drags to the electric motor moving the synchrony technology, the servo drive technology do not knows. The problem simple electrical equipment available is resolved uses complicated mechanism to come to come true but. Some though the control organ works to come having adopt the synchrony electric motor to wait for a device. But choose block of wood ding-dang. The maximum having brought about resource not only wastes this condition. And make machinery function designing that low.
5) System under the control of schemes design. In medicines and chemical reagents package machinery, a very important part is that real time detecting is back-off to every organization. To ensure that equipment operation is smooth. Now many machinery products has selected and used large amount of photo electricity switch being the detecting component. Equipment has such as PC detecting bubble cover system on some machinery and the like system. This need all designs that meticulously. And, the general naval company is an integral whole.
Three, concluding remarks
The thought a concept is designed melts to enter medicines and chemical reagents package machinery design being able to fall off designing a fault. Shorten a design cycle. Accelerate the product exploitation. Make the product designing that more rational, have affinity, more suitable man-machine project more. It is also that the main means costing down and improving enterprise competition is short of passive competition aspect backward for improving medicines and chemical reagents package machinery design at the same time. To adapt to the challenge that "queen GMP times" brings about. Design that the personnel must take product conceptual design seriously. Deepen the significance understanding conceptual design's.
本科生畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文）開(kāi)題報(bào)告
課題名稱(chēng)
花卉包裝機(jī)設(shè)計(jì)——花卉傳輸部分的設(shè)計(jì)
系 名
機(jī)械工程系
專(zhuān) 業(yè)
機(jī)械設(shè)計(jì)制造及其自動(dòng)化
學(xué)生姓名
一、課題來(lái)源及意義
本課題來(lái)源于第七屆全國(guó)機(jī)械創(chuàng)新設(shè)計(jì)大賽第一類(lèi)別(產(chǎn)品包裝類(lèi))。
隨著人們生活水平的提高，鮮花這一類(lèi)消費(fèi)商品以逐步走進(jìn)平常老百姓生活，鮮花的需求量也隨之增高，云南運(yùn)用其氣候地理優(yōu)勢(shì)大力發(fā)展花卉產(chǎn)業(yè)，花卉產(chǎn)業(yè)給云南提供了30多萬(wàn)的就業(yè)崗位，花卉產(chǎn)值接近300億元，然而這么一個(gè)擁有“亞洲花都”之稱(chēng)的國(guó)際花卉生產(chǎn)基地。然而我們發(fā)現(xiàn)亞洲最大的玫瑰花生產(chǎn)基地中的半成品玫瑰花包裝過(guò)程還是依靠純手工進(jìn)行的，這個(gè)過(guò)程非常繁瑣，而且包裝時(shí)候不能戴手套，這樣很容易傷到花農(nóng)，而且效率還不高，其中一些日益突顯出來(lái)?；诖?，我們決定通過(guò)此次比賽來(lái)設(shè)計(jì)生產(chǎn)出一種能代替手工包裝玫瑰花的機(jī)器， “半成品玫瑰花包裝機(jī)”由此孕育而出。
二、國(guó)內(nèi)外發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀
2015年5月份，團(tuán)隊(duì)實(shí)地調(diào)研了天津市梨園頭花卉批發(fā)市場(chǎng)。
2015年7月份，團(tuán)隊(duì)第一次實(shí)研地調(diào)了昆明市晉寧縣花卉生產(chǎn)基地，多個(gè)散花批發(fā)市場(chǎng)。
2015年8月份（七夕情人節(jié)期間）團(tuán)隊(duì)第二次實(shí)地調(diào)研了昆明市晉寧縣花卉生產(chǎn)基地，多個(gè)散花批發(fā)市場(chǎng)以及昆明斗南國(guó)際花卉交易中心。
經(jīng)過(guò)大量的調(diào)研及相關(guān)專(zhuān)利網(wǎng)站查尋，發(fā)現(xiàn)在鮮花行業(yè)里除了噴灑農(nóng)藥的一些機(jī)械，其他全是手工來(lái)完成的，尚未發(fā)現(xiàn)有相關(guān)產(chǎn)品或相關(guān)專(zhuān)利出現(xiàn)。
經(jīng)過(guò)大量的調(diào)研及相關(guān)專(zhuān)利網(wǎng)站查尋，發(fā)現(xiàn)在鮮花行業(yè)里除了噴灑農(nóng)藥的一些機(jī)械，其他全是手工來(lái)完成的，尚未發(fā)現(xiàn)有相關(guān)產(chǎn)品或相關(guān)專(zhuān)利出現(xiàn)。在云南花卉基地做調(diào)研，通過(guò)問(wèn)卷調(diào)查花農(nóng)得出結(jié)論：目前國(guó)內(nèi)并沒(méi)有包裝玫瑰花的機(jī)械，并且花農(nóng)迫切希望有這么一臺(tái)機(jī)械來(lái)減輕花農(nóng)的勞動(dòng)量。
三、研究目標(biāo)
研發(fā)一種全新的玫瑰花包裝機(jī)，在設(shè)計(jì)上綜合考慮人與機(jī)械的協(xié)調(diào)配合，在功能上實(shí)現(xiàn)分揀，篩選，包裝為一體的自動(dòng)化設(shè)備，在效率上高于手工包裝。真正意義上解決人能在包裝玫瑰花方面的高強(qiáng)度，高受傷率，低效率的特點(diǎn)，全面推動(dòng)玫瑰花產(chǎn)業(yè)方面的發(fā)展。
4、 研究?jī)?nèi)容
設(shè)計(jì)一種新型的半成品玫瑰花包裝機(jī)，減輕人的勞動(dòng)強(qiáng)度，降低人的受傷率，保證產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量，提高效率。
1.分析研究有關(guān)文獻(xiàn)資料；
2.方案設(shè)計(jì)，提出若干解決問(wèn)題的方案并進(jìn)行討論，提出一種具有優(yōu)勢(shì)技術(shù)方向的方案；
3.對(duì)方案進(jìn)行具體設(shè)計(jì)，包括：
（1）裝置的運(yùn)輸系統(tǒng)總體方案設(shè)計(jì)；
（2）機(jī)架及各零件的設(shè)計(jì)與計(jì)算；
（3）并利用UG建立整套裝置的三維模型，并用Adams進(jìn)行運(yùn)動(dòng)仿真。
五、研究方法與手段
1． 查閱國(guó)內(nèi)外相關(guān)資料，寫(xiě)出文獻(xiàn)綜述和開(kāi)題報(bào)告，確定詳細(xì)的研究進(jìn)度。
2． 查閱相關(guān)文獻(xiàn)、參考同類(lèi)型產(chǎn)品，制定設(shè)計(jì)方案。
3． 查找相關(guān)機(jī)械類(lèi)手冊(cè)、教科書(shū)、文獻(xiàn)等完成包裝機(jī)的設(shè)計(jì)、計(jì)算。
4． 應(yīng)用AutoCAD或UG等軟件繪制包裝機(jī)總裝配圖、零件圖并建立整套裝置的三維模型，用Adams進(jìn)行運(yùn)動(dòng)仿真。
5． 根據(jù)相應(yīng)設(shè)計(jì)內(nèi)容撰寫(xiě)設(shè)計(jì)說(shuō)明書(shū)。
六、進(jìn)度安排
1、2016.12.27-2017.3.4 查找資料，了解花農(nóng)工作背景和課題研究現(xiàn)狀，完成開(kāi)題報(bào)告。
2、2017.3.13-2017.3.20 進(jìn)一步了解相關(guān)資料，自主學(xué)習(xí)ADAMS軟件，完成方案設(shè)計(jì)。
3、2017.3.21-2017.5.15 完成半成品玫瑰花包裝機(jī)的總設(shè)計(jì)，并畫(huà)出包裝機(jī)的總裝配圖及部分零件圖，圖紙量不少于2張0號(hào)圖紙。
4、2017.5.15-2017.6.1 撰寫(xiě)設(shè)計(jì)說(shuō)明書(shū)，準(zhǔn)備答辯。
七、主要參考文獻(xiàn)
[1] 張策，陳樹(shù)昌，孟彩芳.機(jī)械原理與機(jī)械設(shè)計(jì).第2版.北京：機(jī)械工業(yè)出版社，2010．
[2] 于永，齊民主.機(jī)械工程材料，8版.大連理工大學(xué)出版社，2010．
[3] 機(jī)械工程手冊(cè)編寫(xiě)組.機(jī)械工程手冊(cè)（第二版）[M].北京：機(jī)械工業(yè)出版社,1997．
[4] 包裝機(jī)械設(shè)計(jì)[M]. 化學(xué)工業(yè)出版社 , 高德主編, 2005
[5] 朱孝錄.機(jī)械傳動(dòng)設(shè)計(jì)手冊(cè)[M].北京：電子工業(yè)出版社，2004．
[6] 王玉新.機(jī)構(gòu)創(chuàng)新設(shè)計(jì)方法學(xué).天津：天津大學(xué)出版社，1996．
[7] 包裝機(jī)械概論[M]. 印刷工業(yè)出版社 , 孫智慧, 2012
[8] B．Clearance．The Phenomenon with Automation and Large Background [J]．Journal of Machinery，2007(1)．
[9] 朱孝錄.機(jī)械傳動(dòng)設(shè)計(jì)手冊(cè)[M].北京：電子工業(yè)出版社，2004．
[10] 趙霞.國(guó)外包裝機(jī)械的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀.機(jī)械工業(yè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化與質(zhì)量2012.10總第473期?
[11] 孔凡真.包裝機(jī)械市場(chǎng)分析.中國(guó)包裝報(bào)/2006.7.21?第002?版?
[12] 林永健.我國(guó)食品和包裝機(jī)械的現(xiàn)狀及發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略研究.天津大學(xué)
選題是否合適： 是□ 否□
課題能否實(shí)現(xiàn)： 能□ 不能□
指導(dǎo)教師（簽字）
年 月 日
選題是否合適： 是□ 否□
課題能否實(shí)現(xiàn)： 能□ 不能□
審題小組組長(zhǎng)（簽字）
年 月 日
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